Type 2 DB is a chronic condition that obscures the normal metabolization of sugar in our body. The normal process can be hindered by either insulin resistance or inadequate production of insulin. The pathophysiology of Type 2 DB resulted from Insulin resistance is discussed here. Normally, glucose enters in high quantity into the bloodstream following food ingestion. Major players in the regulation of blood glucose are the islets of Langerhans (special cells), specifically, beta cells located in the pancreas that sense the increased level of glucose in the blood. The pancreas is a hormone that produces insulin and glucagon that regulate blood glucose. Insulin regulates blood glucose by allowing body cells to absorb and use glucose. Normally, …show more content…
The binding allows body cells to take glucose (sugar) from the blood and use it for energy. In type 2 DM, the pancreas makes insulin but the body doesn’t use it correctly because it is insulin resistant. This happens due to insulin receptors that are unresponsive to the action of insulin. Interaction of genetics, obesity, hypertension and increased age contribute to the resistance or unresponsiveness of receptor cells to insulin. When insulin receptors are unresponsive, the beta cells in the pancreas become fatigued from the compensatory overproduction of insulin. Over a period of time, patients start to see the S/S of type 2 DM including but not limited to diabetic ketoacidosis (drowsiness, thirst, and abdominal pain), fatigue, hunger, weight loss, prolonged wound healing and blurry vision. The symptoms cause-effect relationship has to do with the glucose balance in patient’s body. For example, blurry vision occurs when fluid is leaking into the lens of the eyes. The leaking makes the lenses swell and changes shape. The changes in the shape of the lenses make it hard to focus and start to look fuzzy. Likewise, prolonged wound healing occurred when an elevated blood sugar level stiffens the arteries and causes narrowing of the blood