... Two examples of ethical issues affecting health care are- equal treatment vs VIP treatment for donors and influential people this is an issue that seems like it will never go away because some people fight with the idea of feeling like they have to spend more time and or give special treatment to large financial donors, and trustees family members because they are helping keep the doors open and the business functioning properly and as well have the power of your job placement. Another ethical issue in health care is the addressing nurse moral distress about providing care with minimal benefit. As we learned in the case of Terry Schiavo these cases can be difficult for everyone and drain some bedside nurses to the point of asking themselves why am I doing this? Am I really helping this person or hurting them? 3. Give 2 examples of moral issues affecting healthcare and describe how you determined your choices to be moral issues. Two examples of moral issues affecting health care are that some pharmacists feel they can refuse filling prescriptions for birth control because they feel it is wrong and I feel...
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...right to deny treatment, and the biological father’s right to want to seek treatment, hence both choices that can end in two very different outcomes. When a difficult case like this arises and a decision must be made quickly, it is vital that a decision that is the most ethical and the best approach to solving the ethical situation at hand. The decision making model that will be used and discussed in the paper to solve this ethical dilemma process that includes six steps and is discussed by Purtilo and Doherty (2011) in “Ethical Dimensions in the Health Professions.” This process allows one to take the situation apart, organize it in a calm-headed way while still being aware that emotions are high and how these feelings play a part in addressing the situation at hand (Purtilo & Doherty, 2011). The first step requires gathering all the important...
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...and distinguish between the two approaches. Community Psychology focuses on economic, environmental, political and social factors that influence the way in which people all over the world live their lives. It also touches on social factors that contribute or causes problems in various societies. Public Health on the other hand, according to Tutorial Letter 102/0/2014, is defined as being concerned with “preventing disease and distress” in the community as a whole, not just the individual, before they occur. It promotes healthy living and with the prevention of illness linked with lifestyle. To compare these two concepts, one should first have a basic understanding of the origins and historical development of community psychology and public health. Community Psychology are very much linked with the mental health reform movements in the USA. The three most important reform movements were; ‘Moral Treatment’, ‘The Mental Hygiene’ and ‘Deinstitutionalisation’. Each of these movements have led to the establishment of particular types of institution: In the Moral Treatment era, we got therapeutic mental hospitals, the Mental Hygiene era gave us Child Guidance Clinics and the establishment of Community Health Centers came in the Deinstitutionalisation era (Tutorial Letter 102/0/2014). Student Number: 55316883 Unique Number: 536709 2 Public health, like community psychology, focuses on prevention of disease. It is defined as “the science and practice of protecting and improving the...
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...AN INDEPENDENT VOICE FOR NURSING Work Engagement, Moral Distress, Education Level, and Critical Reflective Practice in Intensive Care Nurses nuf_237 256..268 Lisa A. Lawrence, PhD, RN Lisa A. Lawrence, PhD, RN, Instructional Faculty, Nursing Department, Pima Community College, Tucson, AZ Keywords Critical reflective practice, education level, moral distress, registered nurse, work engagement Correspondence Lisa A. Lawrence, PhD, RN, Nursing Department, Pima Community College, Tucson, AZ E-mail: llawrence@pima.edu AIM. The purpose of this study was to examine how nurses’ moral distress, education level, and critical reflective practice (CRP) related to their work engagement. The study is relevant to nursing, given registered nurse (RN) documented experiences of job-related distress and work dissatisfaction, and the nursing shortage crisis. A better understanding of factors that may enhance RN work engagement is needed. METHODS. A non-experimental, descriptive, correlational design was used to examine the relationships among four variables: moral distress, education level, CRP, and work engagement. The sample included 28 intensive care unit RNs from three separate ICUs in a 355-bed Southwest magnet-designated hospital. RESULTS. There was a positive direct relationship between CRP and work engagement, a negative direct relationship between moral distress and work engagement, and CRP and moral distress, together, explained 47% of the variance in work engagement. Additionally...
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...Student number: 46338462 Assignment 1: 536709 PYC4811 Student number: 46338462 Index 1. Introduction 2. Historical background 3. Aims and approaches 4. Theories 5. Critiques 6. Conclusion 7. References 3 3 4 5 5 6 6 2 Assignment 1: 536709 PYC4811 Student number: 46338462 Introduction According to Orford (1998:36) Community Psychology(CP) is about understanding people within their social worlds and using this understanding to improve people's well-being. Public Health (PH) is defined by The American Heritage Medical Dictionary (cited in Thefreedictionary, 2000) as “the science and practice of protecting and improving the health of a community.” CP and PH approach the prevention and resolution of mental health issues by addressing social problems. Their histories, aims and approaches and theories are linked, yet contain significant differences. This essay will explore these issues and to come up with a personal critique of the benefits and shortfalls presented in each approach. Historical Background CP originated in the USA. It was influenced by the mental health reform movements (moral treatment, mental hygiene, and deinstitutionalisation) and the fight against poverty for social change and justice (Guernina, 1995:4). According to Seedat, Cloete & Shochet (cited in the Reader for PYC4811, 2013:218-219) this was primarily due to the need to find help in alleviating the powerlessness felt by psychologist during times of political upheaval, and the lack of...
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...of the disease model of addiction, there are various specific disease models that concentrate on the specific areas of the disease concept. For example, the medical consequences model focuses on the many biomedical consequences of alcohol and drug use. This model simply focuses on the biological etiology and consequences of drug and alcohol consumption. The bio-psycho-social-spiritual consequences maintenance disease model is much richer than the biomedical consequences model because the concentration is on biological, psychological, social, and spiritual factors that contribute to the disease rather than just biological consequences. Theorists and counselors apply this disease model by concentrating on changing addictive behaviors by addressing the multiple facets of the disease. The bio-psycho-social-spiritual disease model asserts that over-time, excessive alcohol and drug use leads to profound biological,...
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...Running head: PATIENT SELF DERTERMINATION ACT POLICY BRIEF Patient Self Determination Act H.R. 5067 (101st) Patient Self-Determination Act Policy Brief United States Congress passed the Patient Self-Determination Act (PSDA) in 1990 as an amendment to the Omnibus Budget Reconciliation Act (OBRA) of 1990. In effect December 1, 1990 the PSDA legislature required many hospitals, nursing homes, hospices, home healths and other health care organizations to be responsible for giving information about advances health care directives to patients upon their admission to the facility. The objectives of the Patient Self Determination Act were first, to provide education concerning an individual’s rights in state laws to make their own decisions with regards to their healthcare, as well as the right to refuse treatment. Second, to encourage better preparation of advanced directives (ADs) to be used should the person/ patient become incapacitated. Lastly, to decrease end of life cost by avoiding unwanted or unnecessary care (Patient Self Determination Act, 1990). History of the PSDA A noteworthy motivation for the development and eventually the passing of the PSAD was a 1990 Supreme Court decision (Cruzan v Director, 1990). In this case, the parents of Nancy Cruzan, a comatose girl, requested that her nutrition and hydration be terminated but the hospital employees refused. The court acknowledged that there are right to refusal of care, however Nancy Cruzan...
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...topics that we have been discussing in our class lately. Biblical Justice involves making individuals, communities, and the creation whole, by supporting both goodness and impartiality. Biblical Justice stands at the center of true religion, according to the book of James, James believed that the kind of religion that God our Father accepts as pure and faultless is this: “to look after orphans and widows in their distress and to keep oneself from being polluted by the world” James 1:27. Proverbs 29:7 says, “The righteous care about justice for the poor, but the wicked have no such concern. I believe that if we can live according to biblical justice in whatever society where in, things won’t be as difficult as they are. The christian perspective on justice goes along with biblical justice, when being a christian we should be gentle and kind, more understanding, merciful and helpful. A christian is to do things the way God intended on them to be done or by living how Jesus lived. The way that I would connect a Christian perspective of Justice to a philosophical understanding of justice would be through the three philosophical views of justice. The three philosophical views of justice are Utilitarian, Contract, and Entitlement. Utilitarianism is a theory based on the principle that "actions are right in proportion as they tend to promote happiness, wrong as they tend to produce the reverse of happiness." Mill defines happiness as pleasure and the absence of pain. I believe that this...
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...After my initial observation, I plan on volunteering at the shelter as a “thank you” to them for allowing me to be there. Although the shelter is open to the public, it is still important that I ask for permission and explain my purpose to avoid any complications and prevent any discomfort caused by my being there. I believe that volunteering for the shelter will allow me to better blend in and spend more time at the shelter, as well as allow me to gain a broader perspective and better understanding of the adoption process. I believe that observing individuals at the shelter will help me to better understand their purpose for being there and their reasons for choosing a particular animal: I will be able to see visible expressions of emotions and behaviors toward the animals. I don’t feel that observing in this manner will disrupt any interactions or activities taking place. I plan on going to the shelter one to three times per week for an hour or two each time. I will go at various times of the day and on different days of the week. Although it is unlikely that there will be an adoption every day that I am there, I can expect at least one family or individual to come into the shelter each observation period. I plan on interviewing...
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...Psychology and Diabetes Student’s Name: Institution: Instructor’s Name: Course Name: Introduction Diabetes is often referred to as diabetes mellitus and can be defined as a condition in which an individual has high levels of blood sugar as a result of inadequate or insufficient production of insulin in the body. Additionally, it may be caused by the failure of body cells to respond appropriately to the insulin. As such, patients usually have a higher than normal rate of urination. Majority of the world’s population usually acquire diabetes due to poor dietary habits thus increasing their risk of contracting the disease. However, practicing healthy dietary practices can go a long way in reducing the risk of contracting the disease. This paper seeks to review a psychology educational program within the community which aims at educating and enlightening people on diabetes. Overview Diabetes can be of either type 1 or type 2. Type 1 diabetes often affects individuals in their early years before they reach their forty’s (Illovsky, 2013). Patients with this type of diabetes often survive on insulin injections so as to regulate their blood sugar levels. Type 1 in this the body does not produce insulin; people with it are needed to take insulin daily. On the other hand, type 2 diabetes often affects old aged peopled due to complications in their metabolism. In type 2 the body does not produce or use insulin properly; people with it are needed to often to take insulin or...
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...of strength without violence. Hurston’s “Delia” is a giver, not a taker, and though at times caught between the conflict the two roles, Hurston endows her with the moral strength to be true to herself. However, Hurston does not make this an easy task....
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...Safety in one’s life is paramount. Safety/security is not only physical but mental as well. By these pervasive laws in juvenile justice more and more youth are being victimize and abused inside juvenile facilities. Locking youth up may decrease emotional development and the likelihood to increase recidivism. Research Zhang stated “the age at first referral (to the justice system), father absence, and special education status were associated with recidivism” and “ youth arrested before 14 years of age are two to three times more likely to become chronic adult offenders, (Zhang et al, 2011, P.284). They may not receive adequate medical and mental health treatment in juvenile facilities. In addition, emotional distress will be high and the chances of minorities receiving non placement in a facility is slim to none. Maslow discussed that safety/security needs are listed just above physiological needs. He described that safety needs has to be met before an individual can thrive and feel important. However, Stone (2012) didn’t exactly agree with Maslow but her observation on security was closely related. Stone stated “security is a state of mind, a mix of inchoate feelings that differs from one person to the next” (Stone, 2012,...
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...Women Veterans: The Effects of Combat Deployment Patricia Rochedieu Liberty University Introduction to Human Services HSCO 500 Mrs. Jennifer Griffin November 17, 2014 Abstract The relocation and adjustment processes occurring within persons facing involuntary deployment are most certainly filled with anxiety and uncertainly. This discussion will focus on women veterans who have served on the front lines and the affects of combat deployment. Examinations defining the trials and tribulations faced by the female military member will place attention on the psychological and psychosocial transactions that occur during military operations and the challenges women face. Expansion of this topic will include a dialogue that offers insight into the growing concerns shaping the outcomes of the female member’s deployment to include military sexual trauma, eating disorders, depression, substance abuse, adjustment disorders, sleep disturbances and spiritual and existential struggles. Although this topic will only provide a brief glimpse into the female veteran’s plight it opens up a forum for further discussions within this topic with the intentions of highlighting the effects of combat deployment on women veterans who served on the front lines. Women Veterans: The Effects of Combat Deployment The participation of women deployed to combat areas throughout the world is vital to the successful outcomes of any mission. Women in the military are well trained and possess specific...
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...Explain the linkages between the business case and moral case for diversity in organisations. Support your key arguments by sourcing ‘diversity statements disseminated/ publicised by Australian organisations to justify their claims for managing diversity. Diversity itself remains an unclear concept. It is contextually specific and linked to demographic and socio-political features of the population and the workforce. Diversity is a selective concept in that some, but not all physical characteristics are incorporated into Managing Diversity programs (Moore 1999). Diversity also has invisible and hidden aspects that include culture and attitudes (Moore 1999). Managing Diversity programs in general mimic or reflect legislative programs that prohibit discrimination and encourage Equal Employment Opportunities within the workplace, and hence many Managing Diversity programs support such groups as women, ethnic minorities, older workers and people with a disability. There is a tension between diversity as a factor that generates forms of exclusion and inferior material outcomes in the labour market, and diversity as a factor that can be harnessed towards improving organisational performance. While diversity is embedded in worker difference and notions of equality and justice, the broader equity goals linked to Managing Diversity are not necessarily the terms by which Managing Diversity programs are assessed within the organisation. The Moral case has often been expressed in terms of Equal...
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...Drug Addiction: To Cure or Not To Cure Chris G Kinney University of Phoenix Abstract Drug addiction is a huge social problem to some people feel there is no end. People either try to fight this disease or just put their hands down preferring to think that nothing could be done. This paper investigates what drug addiction really is and why some people believe it is incurable. Primarily the main focus of the work is dedicated to the issue of how this challenge may be addressed and the basic factors that would help to make the treatment work. Various visions of this problem are studied, and the conclusion is that any disease is possible to cure however the success of these actions in what concerns drug abuse is mostly dependent on the willingness of the patient to fight the illness. Drug addiction is a global social problem, a war sweeping away millions of lives and demolishing national gene pools. There is no exaggeration in this definition. It is not a disease in a common sense of this word however it’s not a usual aspect healthy people may have. Drug abuse is a complete affection of the personality combined usually with the following complications of physical health. The most significant peculiarity of drug use is that being a pathological illness it is rather nonreversible, provided those negative changes of the person’s soul and mind which happened as a reaction to...
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