...commissioned by the French state. (Gerald) The new appointed Secretary of Fine Arts, Edmond Tuquet (1836 – 1914), venerates Rodin’s art pieces and commissioned the sculpture on August 16th 1880 for the Musée des Arts Décoratifs. The original arrangements for the Musée des Arts Décoratifs were discarded three years later. (Musèe) Therefore, Rodin left and focused on experimenting and redesigning the portal for the next 20 years. At that point, the sculpture was still remained at its plaster stage; the gateway was not molded in bronze until Rodin’s death in 1917. Rodin’s Gates of Hell was reputed as a distinct piece considering his unique interpretation of its rough surface texture and shape that demonstrates the illustration of Dante Alighieri’s famous poem, The Divine Comedy (1308 – 1321). A few of Rodin’s most famous sculptures including The Thinker (1880 - 1925), The Kiss (1888 – 1889) and The Three Shades (1902) are inspired by the alto relievo sculptures in The Gates of Hell. This masterpiece was created anon after the Franco- Prussian War (1870 – 1871) during the installation of the French Third Republic (1871 – 1940). Auguste Rodin accepted the commission for The Gates of Hell anon after the Franco- Prussian War between French and German Empires. After France has lost the war, the royalist formerly, Napolcon III surrendered to Germany, which led to the establishment of the Third Republic of France. At the end of the war, the Treaty of Frankfurt (March 1, 1871) was validated in France...
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...literature and poetry, and therefore for Western literature, heavily influencing practically everyone who followed him, including, of course, the great Florentine poet Dante Alighieri ( 1265-1321 A.D.). Both poets’ visions of Hell, as depicted in The Odyssey and Inferno, are noteworthy because they open important windows into the philosophical and theological underpinnings of the worlds into which these authors were born. Why is this important? Because their elaborately drawn visions of Hell represent the two great divides in how humans for 3,000 years have been seeing themselves and the universe they perceive surrounding them. In the Homeric vision, life is tragic and arbitrary. We as humans are mere playthings of the Fates and the gods. Sometimes justice occurs, but usually only by accident, and even then it comes wrapped up in irony. Good is punished and evil triumphs. The hero, instead of enjoying the fruits of his victory, is brought low by some tragic flaw. Homer’s portrayal of the gods and of hell in the Odyssey…[big long quote] For Dante, in sharp contrast, the universe is ordered and just. The wicked are, eventually, punished and the righteous are rewarded, if not in this life, then in the next. Existence, while often painful and scary, is not arbitrary, but proceeds according to a mysterious divine plan devised long ago by an eternally all-knowing, loving and merciful Creator. For Homer, Hell is a place where all the dead must go. There is an order and inevitability...
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...The Impact of the Black Death From the point of view of developing a pest and control methods, the manifestation of the plague in Europe historically known as "Black Death", “ fever " or "Bubonic plague" among other epithets, is a particular example of why a pest or plague can be developed and how can it be controlled. In this specific case, the plague is used to expand from the general conditions of a concrete reality, and disappears spontaneously when these conditions vary, these circumstances promoted behavioral changes to encourage changes in behavior and domestic actions of man, which in turn caused such a change of environment that disfavored the transcendence of the plague, which has its ultimate manifestation in the Old Continent nearly four hundred years after his arrival in Europe. Some people consider this event as the worst of the epidemics that affected man in its history. Although historically it has been established that the disease was bubonic plague acting with pneumonic and septicemic variants, some researchers attribute the high mortality registered to more than one disease, they base their statements and even in our times, by studying bones from graves that in which tradition is known to have been buried victims of the plague , in some cases there was no evidence of bubonic plague and its variants in one hand and in the other hand traces of other diseases such as Anthrax were found. What is certain and beyond doubt is that this epidemic ends with...
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...A Portrait of the Artist as a Young Man Context James Joyce was born on February 2, 1882, in the town of Rathgar, near Dublin, Ireland. He was the oldest of ten children born to a well-meaning but financially inept father and a solemn, pious mother. Joyce's parents managed to scrape together enough money to send their talented son to the Clongowes Wood College, a prestigious boarding school, and then to Belvedere College, where Joyce excelled as an actor and writer. Later, he attended University College in Dublin, where he became increasingly committed to language and literature as a champion of Modernism. In 1902, Joyce left the university and moved to Paris, but briefly returned to Ireland in 1903 upon the death of his mother. Shortly after his mother's death, Joyce began work on the story that would later become A Portrait of the Artist as a Young Man. Published in serial form in 1914–1915, A Portrait of the Artist as a Young Mandraws on many details from Joyce's early life. The novel's protagonist, Stephen Dedalus, is in many ways Joyce's fictional double—Joyce had even published stories under the pseudonym "Stephen Daedalus" before writing the novel. Like Joyce himself, Stephen is the son of an impoverished father and a highly devout Catholic mother. Also like Joyce, he attends Clongowes Wood, Belvedere, and University Colleges, struggling with questions of faith and nationality before leaving Ireland to make his...
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