...Unit 5 Assignment 1, Anatomy and Physiology for Health and Social Care Nucleus The majority of cells in the human body contain a nucleus but not all nuclei are the same as there are many variations. The nucleus has the largest spherical structure within the cell, and is known as the ‘brain of the cell’ because the nucleus controls all of the cell’s activity, such as: reproduction of cells and movement. The nucleus contains strands of DNA (chromosomes) in the form of a double helix. Within the human body there are cells that have no use for a nucleus such as red blood cells and cells that contain multiple nuclei such as muscles, because they are more active. Cytoplasm The cytoplasm is a thick, clear semi fluid, gel like substance that is enclosed by the cell membrane and covers the entire cell. The cytoplasm contains other organelles, such as Golgi apparatus, mitochondria and lysosome etc. This organelle is mainly made up of water, salts and proteins, and is where the cells, enzyme controlled, chemical reactions take place. These reactions are most commonly referred to as metabolism. Mitochondria Mitochondria are rod shaped organelles with a double membrane that are scattered around the cell in the cytoplasm. The three components of mitochondria are: the outer membrane, inner membrane and the matrix. The outer membrane acts like a skin, keeping the structure. The inner membrane is folded over multiple times to create a layered structure, which is...
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...Forms of energy: There are various forms of energy needed by the body, such as: heat, sound, light and chemical. Heat is a thermal energy. Heat is able to be transferred to different places through a material, through a moving liquid or gas, and through radiation. Surfaces which are dark are better at absorbing heat energy heat energy than light serves which are shiny. Sound is the movement of energy through substances in longitudinal waves. Sound is produced when a force causes an object or substance to vibrate this is when the energy is transferred through the substance in a wave. The energy in sound is far less than other forms of energy. Light is a form of energy which our sense of sight can detect. It is made of electro-magnetic radiation and travels in a straight path. The speed of light travels at about 300,000 kilometres per second, meaning that nothing travels faster than light. Chemical energy is an energy that is stored in chemicals, such as sugar and gasoline. Chemical energy is the energy in a substance that can be released by a chemical reaction. Laws of energy conservation: The Law of Conservation of Energy states that energy cannot be created or destroyed, just transformed from one form to another. These forms can include kinetic and potential energy as well as light, heat and sound. Energy can also be transferred between objects. Since energy cannot be created or destroyed, the amount of energy present in the universe is always the same. It is simply...
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...Unit 4 M2 Discuss two major theories in relation to the development of the individual Once individuals reach a certain age they could stay active, meaning they will have to stay active and involved. That means they need to have and interest in life and spend time with family and friends. The other thing individuals could be is disengage, meaning they will withdraw themselves from activates and people, which means less interaction with family and friends and mostly staying inside. When Nicki gets older in age, there is a chance that she might disengage from activities and people. It’s possible that Nicki could just lose interest in activities and being around people for example family and friends, meaning she would spend less time with them. This wouldn’t be surprising as Nicki is only human like everyone else, which means that she goes through the life stages and development like everyone. Another reason why Nicki could become disengage is if she develops an illness that is really bad causing her to isolate herself from everything and everyone, as it probably would be too difficult for her to cope with. This is because as you get older up age you prefer to be more independent and hide things that may cause emotional problems for family and friends. Another reason for Nicki to disengage is if a life changing event was to happen in her life, this would cause her to distant herself from people, activities and the outside world, especially if what happened was too painful...
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...Homeostasis Homeostasis is a process of where our body has to be able to control certain things such as body temperature and the water level so that they don’t change, therefore it is when it keeps things the same. It is how the body keeps the conditions inside, and some scientists refer to it as a constant internal environment; two examples of this is: • Keeping the body temperature at 37 degrees, • The amount of water in our body. Our bodies are always making adjustments to be able to carry out normal bodily functions, but fortunately for us the adjustments are done automatically, if this wasn’t the case then we would all be very busy and would regulate our internal environment very frequently. Homeostasis is controlled by the Automatic nervous system and the Endocrine system (hormones). Negative feedback system Homeostasis is quite often referred to as the negative feedback, which means that the system is able to take suitable action to maintain the constant environment. The main responsibility of homeostasis is that it has to maintain constant levels of many body functions e.g. body temperature, heart rate, breathing rate, and also blood sugar levels. Body temperature The term used for monitoring the body temperature is called thermoregulation. An adult’s body temperature is usually close to 37 degrees. There are temperature detectors in the skin and the internal organs monitor it and feedback to the hypothalamus in the brain to take the correct action when the temperature...
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...Unit 5 – P3 By Jess Ross Respiratory system The respiratory system is made up of organs that help the body to breathe that is its main function. The lungs are the main organs of the respiratory system. In the lungs oxygen is taken into the body and carbon dioxide is breathed out. The red blood cells are responsible for picking up the oxygen in the lungs and carrying the oxygen to all the body cells that need it. The red blood cells drop off the oxygen to the body cells, then pick up the carbon dioxide which is a waste gas product produced by our cells. The red blood cells transport the carbon dioxide back to the lungs and we breathe it out when we exhale. Renal system The renal system (also known as the urinary system) consists of the kidneys, urethras, urinary bladder, and urethra. The kidneys filter the blood to remove wastes and produce urine. The urethras, urinary bladder, and urethra together form the urinary tract, which acts as a plumbing system to drain urine from the kidneys, store it, and then release it during urination. Besides filtering and eliminating wastes from the body, the urinary system also maintains the homeostasis of water, ions, pH, blood pressure, calcium and red blood cells. Within the system renal veins take blood from the kidneys straight into the vena cava, the main within the body. Nervous system The nervous system comprises the central nervous system (the brain and spinal cord) and the peripheral nervous system, the nerves running...
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...Steps must be taken to lower the risk level to as low as reasonably practicable using the hierarchy of risk controls. HIGH Act today: The proposed activity can only proceed, provided that: 1. The risk level has been reduced to as low as reasonably practicable using the hierarchy of risk controls. 2. The risk controls must include those identified in legislation, Australian Standards, Codes of Practice etc. 3. The risk assessment has been reviewed and approved by the Supervisor. 4. A Safe Working Procedure or Safe Work Method has been prepared. 5. The supervisor must review and document the effectiveness of the implemented risk controls. MEDIUM Act this week: The proposed task or process can proceed, provided that: 1. The risk level has been reduced to as low as reasonably practicable using the hierarchy of risk controls. 2. The risk assessment has been reviewed and approved by the Supervisor. 3. A Safe Working Procedure or Safe Work Method has been prepared. LOW Act this month: Managed by local documented routine procedures, which must include application of the hierarchy of...
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...Respiratory system Nose | Air enters and leaves the respiratory system through the nose. It warms and moistens the air before it reaches the lungs, and helps remove unwanted particles, like dust and soot. | Trachea | The trachea is also known as the windpipe. It is a bony tube, which connects the nose and mouth to the lungs, hence is an important part of the respiratory system in vertebrates | Lungs | The lungs take in oxygen, which the body's cells need to live and carry out their normal functions. The lungs also get rid of carbon dioxide, a waste product of the cells. | Nervous system Brain | The brain is like a central computer that control bodily functions. It is protected by the skull to reduce damage. It is divided into many parts, including the cerebrum and brain stem. It stores and sorts out information before sending out any necessary commands. It is the centre of control and its job would be incomplete without the spinal cord. | Nerves | Each nerve is connected to a particular area and is responsible for connection to and from different regions of the body. ‘Multiple sclerosis’ is a problem which can damage nerves and prevent signals to travel from them. | Spinal cord | The spinal cord is a long bundle of nerve tissues. It is protected by the vertebrae so it doesn’t get damaged. There is also fluid that helps protect nerve tissue, keeping it healthy by removing waste products. The brains job would not be possible without the spinal cord. | Sense...
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...Name: Bayo Oshunlalu Unit #: 5 Unit Title: The Public Needs to Know…Don’t They? Qu. 1. Francine’s error was an honest mistake related to not being familiar with the room numbers for specific units. Discuss what action Asasif should take? Insert your response to Qu. 1. ………………………… Francine’s error might have been an honest mistake due to the fact that she was newly hired, had just completed the required orientation, and she had just started performing her work duty with minimal supervision. However, the important precursor of this error should not be about honest mistakes, instead the adequacy of the training Francine received should be questioned, and whether or not it is appropriate to let allow a new employee work without supervision in areas of protected health information is likely to breach. Asasif the director of the HIM department should ensure that all staff members including the newly hired received the appropriated training...
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...P5: Review the methods used by the public services to ensure they have a diverse workforce. Introduction All public services must have a range policies and procedures that they should follow to make sure that they can enforce diversity and equality. These include: – Equal opportunities policies and Anti-discriminatory policies – Grievance procedures – Bullying and harassment at work policies – Recording and monitoring of equal opportunities data and complaints – Complaints procedures for service users Equal opportunities policies and Anti-discriminatory policies – Issued by Equality and Human Rights Commission Equal opportunities and Anti-discriminatory policies are put in place to show how employees should be treated when they are going through recruitment, selection, training or promotion and are made on the basis of good acts from the Equality and Human Rights Commission. Employees should be treated or should succeed by how hard they work, how much they know and what their personal abilities are not the colour of their skin or sexuality, race, gender, religion, disability, age or who they are attracted to. Grievance procedures – Grievance procedures are when a set of steps should be taken when an employee has an issue or a problem that can’t be solved easily. This could mean things such as being treated differently to others, change in job role or bullying. Bullying and harassment at work policies – Bullying and harassment at work policies are made to prevent and stop bullying...
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...(2014). Confidentiality - Confidentiality. [online] Available at: https://sielearning.tafensw.edu.au/MCS/CHCAOD402A/chcaod402a_csw/knowledge/confidentiality/confidentiality.htm [Accessed 23 Oct. 2014]. To ensure that Service Users and Service Providers protection in a health care setting, there need to be risk assessment put into place, as if situations are not handled effectively it can result in Service User and Providers harm. Some of the hazards include; moving and handling, slips and trips, violence, aggression, scalding and burning, legionella and bedrail entrapment. The risk assessment is about identifying and taking sensible and proportionate measures to control the risks in a care setting. Also there are several different elements when producing a risk assessment, such as; the common risks to everyone on the premises e.g. risks from electrical equipment and transport, the common risks to people using services e.g. falls. The individual risks are at risk e.g. pregnant women, also the individual risks to particular people using services such as the Service User falling out of bed. Therefore when considering the individual risks for particular people a service, and also consider that health and social care is regulated by other organisation and they may expect some form of care assessment. Normally the risks would be recorded as part of the support plan. The provision of care and support should meet the needs of the individual and should encourage them to do what they...
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...On this date worker called Mrs. Teresa Dutton, daughter-in-law to Ms. Dutton, for the purpose of gathering information. Worker informed Ms. Dutton she had been out to the residence, no one was home, and the power had been disconnected. She stated she would try to find them but figured they were staying in a hotel until the following day when Mrs. Dutton would receive a check. Mrs. Dutton's daughter, Kim Smith would use part of the check to have the power reconnected. Ms. Teresa Dutton is not happy with this decision because the trailer is due to be repossessed any day. She would like Ms. Dutton to move in with her and John Dutton but Ms. Dutton refuses. Apparently, Mrs. Teresa Dutton will not allow Kim, daughter and Megan granddaughter to move in her home because anywhere they live, they destroy and Ms. Dutton will not leave them without a place or financial support. Apparently, Ms. Dutton has been supporting her daughter and granddaughter their entire life. According to Mrs. Dutton, the power company found out that Ms. Dutton had been in the nursing home and discontinued her medical emergency power contract. Due to this, the power bill was over 3,000 dollars. Mrs. Theresa Dutton set the account up for Ms. Dutton to pay 100.00 each month on the past due balance and pay the current amount fully. However, they did not pay their bills and now the power company wants around 800.00. Mrs. Teresa Dutton stated her husband was willing to be nursing home sponsor but Ms. Dutton refused...
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...Many organisations work with each other and follow certain protocols to set up a framework to protect vulnerable adults. Social services are the main controllers that set up policies and procedures. CQC monitor and provide guidance on what health and social care providers must do to safeguard others from abuse, the safeguarding policies and procedures are in place to prevent others from being abused. The police investigate possible crimes and share information with other agencies, to support the person suffering from abuse. Doctors, specialists and nurses give the care and treatment needed when incidents have happened, and by supporting enquiries when needed, also following up with referrals and liaising with other agencies. Care managers respond...
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...P2. Outline the structure of the main tissues in the human body. A tissue is a group of similar cells. An organ contains different tissues, that work together to carry out different functions. The four main types of tissues are: 1) Epithelial tissue 2) Nervous tissue 3) Muscle tissue 4) Connective tissue Epithelial Tissues. This is located on the internal and external body cavities and surfaces, including tubes and channels (ducts), carrying discharge from glands. They may be made by several layers of cells, which is called compound Epithelia or a single layer is called simple Epithelia. The lower/bottom part of the cell layer is attached to the basement membrane for support/connections. There are nerve supplies to the epithelia but they are provided by diffusion. As they are on the surface, their volume to growth is a lot quicker than other tissues. Simple Epithelia. Simple Epithelia is one thick layer of tissue made from cells, it can be one of these three different shapes: 1. Squamous 2. Cuboidal 3. Columnar Squamous are found in: * Lung alveoli. * Blood capillaries. * Bowman’s capsule of nephrons. Cuboidal can be found in: * Kidney tubules. * Sweat ducts. * Glands that are like the thyroid gland. * Breast tissue. Columnar cells are found lining: * The trachea and bronchi. * Villi in the small intestine. Compound epithelia. The compound epithelia contain two or more layers of cells. This...
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...D1: Analyse how system of the body use energy Introduction In this task I will be examining how the different body systems use energy and why the body needs energy. I will also be analysing cellular respiration which is the process in which energy is made, along with the by-products and anabolism and catabolism. Later on in this task I will be analysing how ATP is used in muscle action, protein production and how we as mammals use the energy released as heat. * Fight infections * Movement * Organ function * Cell function * Muscle contractions * Brain to function and * Circulating blood * Fight infections * Movement * Organ function * Cell function * Muscle contractions * Brain to function and * Circulating blood The body needs energy for a number of things such as; * Digesting * Eating * Warmth * Respiration * Chemical reactions * Growth and repair * Digesting * Eating * Warmth * Respiration * Chemical reactions * Growth and repair Most of the total energy the body uses each day goes to basal metabolism, this is the minimum amount of energy needed to maintain bodily functions while at rest. This includes how much energy the body burns to keep breathing, keep blood circulating and maintain the many vital cellular activities that keep us alive. These factors mentioned above are quite simple and not very complex, however; all the cells in our body require energy...
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...Unit 5 (M1): Discuss how different types of health promotion are used to benefit the health and wellbeing of individuals and the nation, using selected examples. The health promotion activities can include: • Health-risk advice • Health-promotion campaigns • Medical intervention Health-risk advice How does health-risk advice benefit the individual? – Drug awareness The health and wellbeing of individuals can be promoted in many ways for people to be able to get accurate information especially for adolescences to help them on improving their health and lifestyle. Drug awareness to adolescences is to inform them on the effects of drugs and the consequences of consuming these drugs. Different drugs have different effects. There are different categories of drugs which are stimulants,...
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