...53 | 1884 | Extended copyright protection to photography. | White-Smith Music Publishing Company v. Apollo Company | 209 U.S. 1 | 1908 | Reproduction of the sounds of musical instruments playing music for which copyright granted not a violation of the copyright. | Bobbs-Merrill Co v. Straus | 210 U.S. 339 | 1908 | No license to use copyrighted material. License cannot extend holder's rights beyond statute defined by Congress. | Bauer & Cie. v. O'Donnell | 229 U.S. 1 | 1913 | Differences between patent and copyright defined also prohibits a license from extending holder's rights beyond statute. | Macmillan Co. v. King | 223 F. 862 | D.Mass. 1914 | Limits of fair use with respect to an educational context and to summaries. | Nichols v. Universal Pictures Co. | 45 F.2d 119 | 2d Cir. 1930 | No copyright for "stock characters". | Shostakovich v. Twentieth Century-Fox Film Corp. | 196 Misc. 67, 80 N.Y.S.2d 575 (N.Y. Sup. Ct. 1948), aff'd 275 A.D. 692, 87 N.Y.S.2d 430 (1949) | 1948–9 | No moral rights in public domain works. | Alfred Bell & Co. v. Catalda Fine Arts, Inc. | 191 F.2d 99 | 2d. Cir. 1951 | Variations of works in the public domain can be copyrighted if the new "author" contributed something more than a "merely trivial" variation, but no large measure of novelty is necessary. | National Comics Publications v. Fawcett Publications | 191 F.2d 594 (1951), clarified 198 F.2d 927 (1952) | 2d Cir. 1951–2 | Derivative works; an author does not forfeit his...
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...From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia Changes must be reviewed before being displayed on this page.show/hide details Google Search Logo Google 2013 Official.svg Screenshot [show] Web address www.google.com (US) Commercial? Yes Type of site Web search engine Registration Optional Available in 123 languages Written in Python, C, C++[1] Owner Google Launched September 15, 1997[2] Revenue From AdWords Alexa rank Steady 1 (April 2015)[3] Current status Active Google Search, commonly referred to as Google Web Search or just Google, is a web search engine owned by Google Inc. It is the most-used search engine on the World Wide Web,[4] handling more than three billion searches each day.[5][6] As of February 2015 it is the most used search engine in the US with 64.5% market share.[7] The order of search on Google's search-results pages is based, in part, on a priority rank called a "PageRank". Google Search provides many different options for customized search, using Boolean operators such as: exclusion ("-xx"), alternatives ("xx OR yy OR zz"), and wildcards ("Winston * Churchill" returns "Winston Churchill", "Winston Spencer Churchill", etc.)[8] The same and other options can be specified in a different way on an Advanced Search page. The main purpose of Google Search is to hunt for text in publicly accessible documents offered by web servers, as opposed to other data, such as images or data contained in databases. It was originally developed by Larry Page and...
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...Historically, The cell phone evolution has occured, since 1945, in technical leaps which we call generations. 0G was the invention of the mobile telephone without networks, where callers had to connect to a base station and operator. In 1979 and 80, 1G came out, where the cellular radios (as we engineers called them) were first connected to networks of stations (called cells). The 2G networks were the first ones where consumers became aware of new capabilities and started buying the technology heavily. This was during the late 90s and into the early 2000s. These were the first phones with the PHS, CDMA, GSM, mail, Cameras, and other options. 3G is the network expansion which allowed direct internet connections, Wideband data access, simultaneous voice, data, music, and telephone, plus network based apps all rolled into one. 3G is the network which allows you to use the cell phone as a credit card. 4G is a network in the planning stages, although some companies say they are implementing parts of the 4G net now. 4G includes a network specification (engineer talk for basic requirement), for 100 megabit to 1 gigabit data transfer rates while highly mobile worldwide. It also includes high quality of service requirements for multimedia support (real time audio, high speed data, HDTV video content, mobile TV, etc). 4G is coming, but is not here yet, because the specs are still being worked over at the ITU (Intenational Telecom Union) in Geneva. A 3G/4G network is one...
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...TABLE OF CONTENT INTRODUCTION…………………………………………………………………..1 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY………………………………………………………….2 REGULATION……………………………………………………………………....3 MATERIALS…………………………………………………………………………4 KEY TO SUCCESS…………………………………………………………………..5 STARTING UP A PLUMBING BUSINESS………………………………………..6 PLUMBING BUSINESS PLAN……………………………………………………..7 OBJECTIVES…………………………………………………………………………8 SAMPLE OF COMPANY’S PLUMBING PLAN…………………………………..9 START UP REQUIREMENTS……………………………………………………...10 START UP FUNDING………………………………………………………………..11 MARKET ANALYSIS SUMMARY…………………………………………………12 SERVICE BUSINESS ANALYSIS……………………………………………………13 COMPETITION & BUYING PATTERNS…………………………………………..14 RISK INVOLVED………………………………………………………………………15 REFERENCES…………………………………………………………………………..16 plumbing INTRODUCTION Plumbing (from the Latin plum bum for lead as pipes were once made from lead) is the skilled trade of working with pipes, tubing and plumbing fixtures for drinking water systems and the drainage of waste. A plumber is someone who installs or repairs piping systems, plumbing fixtures and equipment such as water heaters. The plumbing industry is a basic and substantial part of every developed economy due to the need for clean water, and proper collection and transport of wastes. Plumbing also refers to a system of pipes and fixtures installed in a building for the distribution of potable water and the removal of waterborne wastes. Plumbing is usually distinguished from water and sewage systems...
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...Country Attractiveness Report Alex V Sukhodolov Business in Asia Date: 04-19-2014 Executive summary Recent trends on borrowing and payment system for instance, in salary payment, debt payment, mortgage borrowing and payment as well as other loan services, more and more industries and institutions are dependent on banks more than ever before. This high dependability on banks is in fact making this banking industry highly competitive and concentrated as discussed below. As these industries take their time to analyze the merits and demerits of each bank in the industry and which is likely to benefit them more, the banks on the other hand strive to make their business attractive to those potential customers. What will result is onset of competition that will increase the innovativeness of the banks as each struggle to attract the highest number of industries in form of customers. Attractiveness in Banking Investment Introduction The recent years have seen a rise in large and well-established banks in developed economies. This has raised concerns on the effects such banks will have on the countries’ economy. Many economists are of the view that large banks may have a negative impact on a country’s economy as well as the borrowers. As such, there have been debates on whether or not large banks should be broken up into small banks that have less market power. Scholars from Vietnam and China advocated for the need to break up banks in order...
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...The Organizational Challenge: Independent Contractors September 30, 2009 Table of Contents Introduction……………………………………………………………………. 3 Background……………………………………………………………………. .4 Analysis………………………………………………………………………….6 Conclusion……………………………………………………………………….8 References……………………………………………………………………….9 Introduction “Culture” has become a common way of thinking about and describing an organization’s internal world--a way of differentiating one organization’s “personality” from another (Trevino, P-256)). Employees are brought into the organization’s culture through a process called socialization. Through socialization, employees are taught the ropes. Socialization can take place through formal training or mentoring, or through more informal transmission of norms by peers and managers. When effectively socialized, employees behave in ways that are consistent with cultural expectations. Organizational culture is created and maintained through a multifaceted of formal and informal organizational systems. Formally, organizational structure, selection systems, orientation and training programs, rules and policies, and performance management processes all contribute to culture creation and management. Informally, the culture’s norms of daily behavior keep the culture alive and indicate to both insiders and outsiders whether the formal systems represent fact or façade. Culture defines us and reflects the corporate public image. Ethics is an integral part of that organization’s...
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... Department of BBA North South University Executive Summary: Operating Softwares 1. Windows XP (for general official purpose) (Memory 300MHz; RAM 128 MB;VGA (800X600 or higher); Hard Disk 1.5GB) Features: Windows Firewall; Internet Connection Sharing; Integration with UPnP, NAT traversal APIs; Software Restriction Policies; Credential Manager; smart card PKI 2. Windows Server 2008(resource management purpose) (Memory 1.6GHz; RAM 1GB;VGA (800X600 or higher); Hard Disk 20GB or higher) Features: Minimum installation for DHCP, DNS or print server; RODC; Network Access Protection; Server 2008; Role-based installation Application Softwares 1. GBanker: (Memory 1GHz; RAM 1GB; VGA (800X600 or higher); Hard Disk 5GB or higher) Features: Flexibility; Multi-Branch; Selecting Module; Initial Entry; Continuity; Information Backup 2. Grameen Accounts (Memory 1GHz; RAM 1GB; VGA (800X600 or higher); Hard Disk 5GB or higher) Features: Information Management; Code Entry (Account, Reconciliation Purpose, Department); Define Report Header; Daily voucher Entry; Cashbook; Trial Balance; Cash flow statement; Balance Sheet 3. Grameen Inventory System (Memory 1GHz;RAM 1GB; VGA (800X600 or higher); Hard Disk 5GB or higher) Features: Information Management; Items Code; Suppliers Code; Reports; Store Balance; Daily Material receive 4. SAP (SAP IDES (Internet Demonstration...
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...be used as a "throwaway" inventory. This presents numerous opportunities along with innumerable risks. A lot of research is being done to suggest methods which will ensure secure communications in RFID systems. The objective of this paper is to present RFID technology, its current, future applications, study various potential threats to security, and Critics of RFID. 1 Introduction RFID 1.0 BACKGROUND STUDY Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) is an automatic identification system. It make use of Radio Frequency (RF) to identify “tagged” items .Data collected were transmitted to a host system using a Radio Frequency Reader. RFID is one of the numerous technologies grouped under the term Automatic Identification (Auto ID), such as bar code, magnetic inks, optical character recognition (OCR), voice recognition, touch memory, smart cards, biometrics etc. Auto ID technologies are the new ways of getting data and controlling information flow of a material, especially suitable for large production networks. RFID is a means of gathering data about a certain item without the need of touching or seeing the data carrier, through the use of inductive coupling or electromagnetic waves. The data carrier is a microchip attached to an antenna (together called...
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...A Comparative Study of Cognitive Radio Platforms Moshe Timothy Masonta CSIR Meraka and TUT P.O. Box 395 Pretoria 0001, South Africa Mjumo Mzyece Tshwane University of Technology (TUT) Pretoria, South Africa Fisseha Mekuria Council for Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR) Pretoria 0001, South Africa mmasonta@csir.co.za mzyecem@tut.ac.za fmekuria@csir.co.za ABSTRACT Cognitive radio (CR) technology has become one of the buzzwords within the wireless communications community over the past 12 years. Its ability to learn, decide and adapt to the external environment made CR attractive to regulators, researchers, academia, politicians and the industry. CR promises to bring a paradigm shift in spectrum management policies from command-and-control regime to dynamic and opportunistic spectrum access. Despite more than a decade of research in the CR area, there are too little CR systems ready for the market. This lack of ready CR systems may reflect an overemphasis in the CR literature on theory and simulations with less work done in experimental-basedresearch and publications. In order to fast-track the real-life deployments of CR systems, the research community is now focusing on the development of CR platforms. With different software defined radio (SDR) packages and hardware available, it is confusing to decide which one to build or use. The objective of this paper is to study the design of CR platforms making use available SDR software packages and hardware...
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...r The ‘real’ reasons behind Corporate Social Responsibility Management Summary With this thesis I would like to contribute on the on-going CSR discussion. I attempt to investigate the real motives why multinational corporations engage in corporate social responsibility activities. The debate in CSR is nowadays still focused on the link between CSR and financial performance. Research lacks real proof of this link and corporations are failing in formulating a business case. So why is it that MNCs are willing to engage in CSR activities. In the following thesis I would like to give an answer on this question. Inhoudsopgave 1. Introduction 5 1.1 Research Purpose 6 1.2 Problem Statement 6 1.3 Sub questions 7 1.4 Structure 7 2. Theory 8 2.1 Definition CSR 8 2.2 Definition Multinational Corporation (MNC) 9 2.3 Theoretical Framework (Garigga & Mele (2004)) 10 2.3.1 Instrumental theories 10 2.3.2 Political theories 12 2.3.3 Integrative theories 13 2.3.4 Ethical theories 14 2.3.5 Propositions 16 3. Methods 18 3.1 Research approach 18 4. Results 19 4.1 Instrumental motive 20 4.2 Political motive 20 4.3 Integrative motive 21 4.4 Ethical motive 22 5. Conclusion & Recommendation 24 5.1 Conclusion 24 5.2 Limitations & Recommendation 27 6. References 28 1. Introduction Corporate social responsibility is becoming more and more important for companies. The last few years there is an increase of interest from companies...
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...for Axe Brand Universal Oil, Singapore Bachelor of Business (Marketing) - 7th Intake, Semester 3, Class C Ng Yu Yan S3352246 Low Li Ping S3352005 Pong Xu Leng S3352305 Tan Jian Sheng S3352375 Tan Jit Hao S3352378 Date: 18 September 2012 XOXO, AXE OIL XtraOrdinary Table of Contents EXECUTIVE SUMMARY 5 1. Situational Analysis 7 1.1. Internal Analysis 7 1.2. External Analysis 7 1.3. Competitors Analysis 8 1.4. SWOT Analysis 9 2. Marketing Opportunity 9 3. Marketing Objectives 10 4. Positioning 10 5. Communication Objectives 11 5.1. Category Need 11 5.2. Brand Awareness 12 5.3. Brand Attitude/ Preference 13 5.4. Brand Purchase/ Action Intention 13 6. Campaign Budget 13 7. Campaign Target Audience 14 7.1. Brand loyalty 14 7.1.1. Target audience profile 14 7.1.2. Non-Brand Loyal Users 14 7.1.3. Creative Targets and Behavioral Sequence Model 15 8. Creative Brief 16 9. Creative Strategy 16 9.1. Single Minded Proposition 17 9.2. Packaging 17 9.3. Brand 17 9.4. Creative Idea 18 9.5. Executional Mandatories 18 10. Media Strategy 18 10.1. TV Advertisement 18 10.2. Website Enhancement 19 10.3. Social Media 20 10.3.1. Facebook 20 10.4. Print Advertisement 20 10.4.1. Today Newspaper 20 10.4.2. 8 Days Magazine 21 10.5. Point of Purchase (POP) Advertising 21 11. Other IMC Activities 22 11.1. Out Of Home (OOH) Advertising 22 11.2. Quick Response Code 23 11.3...
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...Advertising Executive Summary Islam is one of the most widely practiced religions in the world and can be found in many different regions throughout the globe. With such a large, widespread following these populations cannot be avoided by marketers. Firms selling product globally, especially in Muslim-majority countries, need to be aware of the norms and regulations in these nations and adapt their advertisements accordingly. This can pose a real challenge, even for large multinationals, as we will see throughout the remainder of the report. Additionally, regulations found in one Islamic nation can vary greatly in comparison to the advertising styles in another. Each country is different and although many nations are Muslim-majority, such as Saudi Arabia, Iran, and Indonesia, they all have varying practices and rules and cannot be treated as one in regards to advertising. A firm must tailor their marketing style to each individual nation while respecting and acknowledging their religious practices. As far as recommendations for marketers, they will need to be tailored to each country individually, but in general it is important to embrace the Islamic religion and integrate the brand into Muslims’ everyday life while taking care to respect their beliefs and practices. Islamic nations are said to be “the next frontier” of advertising, so it is essential that large firms and their agencies take note of these norms and regulations and use research and knowledge to their...
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...Advertising Executive Summary Islam is one of the most widely practiced religions in the world and can be found in many different regions throughout the globe. With such a large, widespread following these populations cannot be avoided by marketers. Firms selling product globally, especially in Muslim-majority countries, need to be aware of the norms and regulations in these nations and adapt their advertisements accordingly. This can pose a real challenge, even for large multinationals, as we will see throughout the remainder of the report. Additionally, regulations found in one Islamic nation can vary greatly in comparison to the advertising styles in another. Each country is different and although many nations are Muslim-majority, such as Saudi Arabia, Iran, and Indonesia, they all have varying practices and rules and cannot be treated as one in regards to advertising. A firm must tailor their marketing style to each individual nation while respecting and acknowledging their religious practices. As far as recommendations for marketers, they will need to be tailored to each country individually, but in general it is important to embrace the Islamic religion and integrate the brand into Muslims’ everyday life while taking care to respect their beliefs and practices. Islamic nations are said to be “the next frontier” of advertising, so it is essential that large firms and their agencies take note of these norms and regulations and use research and knowledge to their...
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... Code: ITECH6503 Name: MIS Tutor: Mr. Barry Atkinson &, Mr Mazhar hussain From: Gaurav uppal (ub2760870) Mandeep singh (ub2783354) Salman ashraf (ub2760316) Acknowledgement We express our deep sense of gratitude and thanks to lecturer as well as tutor who helped us widely in assignment preparation. We feel advantage that lecture notes provided by our lecturer they helped us a lot to complete our assignment. We kindly oblige to tutor Mr. Barry Atkinson &, Mr. Mazhar hussain for giving us all the knowledge and help which has been of a big importance for us to complete this assignment. During the preparation of this assignment we were having problems in making it but our lecturer and tutor helped us lot and we are able to complete it in time. Table of content Executive summary: 4 Overview of the organization: 6 Issue analysis: 8 Chosen information systems: 9 A)Decision support system 9 B) Customer relationship management information 9 C) The Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) System: 9 Detailed Analysis of Wal-Mart’s Supports system: 10 Organizational impacts: 15 Competitive Analysis of Wal-Mart: 16 References 19 1. Executive summary: ...
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...ISAAC Slade, JOE King, DAVE Welsh, and BEN Wysocki, individuals d/b/a The Fray, and Epic RECORDS, Plaintiffs, v.CHARLES Washburne, Defendant. | )))))))))))) | Civil No. 13-037 P-H | PLAINTIFF’S MEMORANDUM OF LAW IN SUPPORT OF ITS RULE 56 MOTION FOR SUMMARY JUDGMENT TO THE HONORABLE JUDGE OF SAID COURT: COMES NOW ISAAC Slade, JOE King, DAVE Welsh, and BEN Wysocki, individuals d/b/a The Fray, and Epic RECORDS, Plaintiffs, and move for summary judgment against Defendant Charles Washburne, and in support thereof show the following: INTRODUCTION 1. Plaintiffs are ISAAC Slade, JOE King, DAVE Welsh, and BEN Wysocki, individuals d/b/a The Fray, and Epic RECORDS; defendant is CHARLES WASHBURNE. 2. Plaintiffs sued defendant for copyright infringement. 3. Defendant answered asserting a general denial and the affirmative defense of fair use. 4. Discovery in this suit ends April 30, 2014; trial is scheduled for July 1, 2014. 5. Plaintiffs respectfully request that the court grant their motion for summary judgment and deny the Defendant’s motion. summary judgment standard 6. Motions for summary judgment are governed by Fed. R. Civ. P. 56 which provides that a summary judgment shall be rendered if the evidence properly before the court indicates that "there is no genuine issue as to any material fact and the moving party is entitled to judgment as a matter of law." STATEMENT OF THE CASE Plaintiffs, Issac Slade (“Slade”), Joe King...
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