...introduced the “Guam doctrine” during a trip to Guam on July 25th 1969 which would coincide with the exact day in which American forces would start their retreat from the jungles of Vietnam. This doctrine being issues was seen by the President as a way of reversing the countries previous stance of protectionism encouraging the countries allies to use greater resources in their own defense allowing the U.S to have the ability to respond to the new international issues it was facing during the cold war. President Nixon believed this was an important stance for the country to take as The nation’s military was being spread too thin and could not keep going at this pace without the ability of these nations to supplement the U.S. military with their own forces. This step would make it more realistic for the U.S. to continue to assist these nations with economic and military assistance. During the cold war the relationship between the U.S. and Vietnam was at an all-time low as the U.S was entrenched alongside the South Vietnamese in a war against the communist held North. This fighting has been ongoing since the 1950’s when Ho Chi Minh came into power and was seeking to spread his power to the south. In 1960 a team of specialist sent to Vietnam by President Kennedy recommended the U.S. increase the amount of economic and military aid to the South Vietnamese. By 1963 the number of military personnel from the U.S. grew from less than 800 to over 9000. The fighting would become...
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...effect on the public’s view of the presidency and government. It is hard to forget one of the most massive instances of government corruption and dishonesty that stemmed from the president himself. Nixon was known as a politician that would do whatever it takes to achieve his political goals and eliminate his competition. He came into the presidency when the U.S. was in a time of cultural and political conflict, so he appealed to a silent majority in order to win votes. Despite Nixon’s success in foreign and environmental affairs, his presidency was overshadowed by his domestic policies and the Watergate scandal. Emerging from the 1960’s, the Nixon’s era was characterized by conflicting political and social movements and deteriorating economic and environmental conditions. Nixon was elected because of his image as a steady Republican candidate amid disarray within the Democratic party. President Lyndon B. Johnson decided not to seek reelection, and Vice President Hubert Humphrey’s campaign was ruined by protests. In addition,...
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...million. The language is Vietnamese, and the principal religion Buddhism, although there are a number of small minorities, including Confucian, Christian (mainly Catholic), Caodist, Daoist, and Hoa Hao. In recent years, the country’s economy has been up and down, but average annual per capita income still is in the hundreds of dollars as the peasants remain very poor. One of the reasons that Vietnam has lagged behind its fast-developing neighbors in Southeast Asia, such as Thailand and Malaysia, is its isolation from the industrial West, and the United States in particular, because of the Vietnam War. From the mid-1970s, the country had close relations with the U.S.S.R., but the collapse of communism there forced the still-communist Vietnamese government to work on establishing stronger economic ties with other countries. The nation recently has worked out many of its problems with China, and today, the Chinese have become a useful economic ally. And Vietnam is well on its way in establishing a vigorous trading relationship with the United States. Efforts toward this end began over a decade ago, but because of lack of information concerning the many U.S. soldiers still unaccounted for after the war, it was not until 1993 that the United States permitted U.S. companies to take part in ventures in Vietnam that were financed by international aid agencies. Then, in 1994, the U.S. trade embargo was lifted, and a growing number of American firms began doing business...
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...developments in world trade have made it urgent for France to have colonies? . .” 2. What arguments against imperialism have been raised by Ferry's critics? How does he counter them? 3. What non-economic arguments does Ferry offer in favor of imperialism? Devry HIST410N Week 2 Case Study Latest 2016 March This week, you will read the comments of the German Delegation to the Paris Peace Conference on the conditions of the peace which ended World War 1. You will find that document in the webliography. Many have argued that it was the way World War 1 ended which made World War 2 inevitable. Read the document and answer the following questions: • Churchill delivered this speech to an American audience, but after reading it one might conclude it could have been given in any western country. Why did he pick the US? Devry HIST410N Week 6 Case Study A. Case Study: Ho Chi Minh and Vietnamese Independence Was Ho Chi Minh a Communist? To many Americans he was. But to many Vietnamese he was a nationalist hero, and to even a few Americans he was that as well, plus a friend, and ally and a comrade in arms during World War 2. It may be hard to paint Ho with any color other than gray, and now, nearly 50 years after his death and 40 years after the end of the American war in Vietnam, even that color has faded with time. What we do have are his words. The link below will take you the speech Ho Chi Minh...
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...Vietnam’s long coastline with the South China Sea is of strategic importance as this allows for significant control of this body of water (Burke, 2011). The location of Vietnam was also considered of vital importance during the Cold War. Many politicians and military officials believed that if Vietnam fell to the communists that a domino effect would begin and several other East Asian countries would become communist as well (Moise, 2011). This theory led to the Vietnam War which greatly impacted the history of Vietnam. This war, however, was but one chapter in the Vietnamese struggle for a unified and independent nation. At the beginning of the 20th century Vietnam was a French colony and been a part of French Indochina since 1887 (CIA, 2005). The French established a plantation economy setting up an export colony producing commodities such as coffee and tobacco. Many aspects of French culture were introduced to the Vietnamese people including a western style school system and Catholicism. French influence was particularly strong in the southern half of the nation as that is where the French settled...
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...and 70’s evolved from Communist uprisings against their former French Colonial masters, through to conflict between North and South, and finally, total warfare which absorbed the Americans and other Nations, and put the conflict at the forefront of Global politics. One can argue that as Britain and France were facing the humiliation of Suez in late 1956 (and the realisation that they were no longer the Great Powers that they once were), America and Russia were staring carefully at their maps in Washington and Moscow and working out ways of dividing up the former Colonies according to pro Capitalist and pro Communist principles. Much like Egypt which was swayed by Russian money for the Aswan Dam, so the Americans and Russians now looked to Vietnam to determine which side of the fence it would commit to. Neither Superpower dared consider the possibility that the nation could ‘fall’ to the other. As the 1960’s and 70’s saw the carving up of the Middle East, Africa and even South America, according to ideologies (many of whom chose the Soviet model) decided to join the Vietnam hostilities as a means of stemming the ‘domino effect’. One might also argue that they felt that a Communist Vietnam would be a considerable threat to its neighbour Japan – a nation with considerable US interests, especially economic ones. The Vietnam War, often referred to as the Second Indo-China War effectively began in December 1956 and commenced with a series of vicious skirmishes which crossed the...
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...1 AMERICANS DOING BUSINESS IN VIETNAM: COMMUNICATION DIFFERENCES by Katrine Syppli Kohl COM 9656: International Business Communication Fall 2007 This paper focuses on differences that are likely to cause problems for U.S. American managers operating in Vietnam. At first, Hofstede’s cultural dimensions of power distance, individualism, and longterm orientation are used to pinpoint key differences in Vietnamese and American business culture (Hofstede, 2001). Second, stable and transitional concepts of culture are delineated as they apply to the topic. Finally, areas of communication are discussed that benefit from special attention because of differences between Vietnamese and American culture. Value Dimensions Hofstede’s original cultural dimensions were power distance (PDI), individualism (IDV), masculinity (MAS), and uncertainty avoidance (UAI); later, long-term orientation (LTO) was added as a fifth dimension (2001). When comparing the United States with Vietnam, the three dimensions of power distance, individualism, and long-term orientation differ most significantly (see Figure 1). Figure 1. Comparison of value orientations: United States versus Vietnam (ITIM International, 2003). Power-distance according to Adler and Gundersen (2008) “reflects the extend to which less powerful members of organizations accept an unequal distribution of power” (p. 54). In countries such as Vietnam where high power-distance are paired with a low uncertainty avoidance, employees view their ...
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...sought to prove the superiority of its technology, its military firepower and–by extension–its political-economic system. Fall of the Berlin Wall On November 9, 1989, as the Cold War began to thaw across Eastern Europe, the spokesman for East Berlin’s Communist Party announced a change in his city’s relations with the West. Starting at midnight that day, he said, citizens of the GDR were free to cross the country’s borders. East and West Berliners flocked to the wall, drinking beer and champagne. At midnight, they flooded through the checkpoints. Tito–Stalin Split The Tito–Stalin Split was a conflict between the leaders of SFR Yugoslavia and the Soviet Union It resulted in Yugoslavia's expulsion from the Communist Information Bureau in 1948. This was the beginning of the Informbiro period, marked by poor relations with the USSR, that came to an end in 1955. Vietnam...
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...Vietminh? The French lost their Indochinese colonies due to political, military, diplomatic, economic and socio-cultural factors. Armed struggle for the unity and total independence started in 1946 and eventually terminated with the reunification of the country’s desire years later, which constituted the most important phase of modern colonial history resulting in the loss of French power by the end of Dien Bien Phu in 1954. Indochina suffered subjugation from the Chinese, the French, and the Japanese. The events of World War II, including the defeat, humiliation, and compromise of the French, galvanized the revolutionary movements. Two worlds collided, a European colonial power and an Indo-Chinese traditional society....
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...Communication style at the Vietnamese and American workplace Phạm Thanh Huyền University of Languages and International Studies M.A Thesis: English teaching methodolody, Code: 60 14 10 Supervisor : Phan Thị Vân Quyên, M.A Year of graduation: 2012 Abstract: Facing the fact that more and more Vietnamese and Americans have to work with each other due to the globalization, this study has been carried out to investigate and describe the Vietnamese and American communication style at the workplace. Data were obtained from 30 Vietnamese and 30 Americans who have experience working with foreigners (i.e. Americans and Vietnamese) in different companies. After analyzing and discussing the results of the survey, a number of potential problems experienced by Vietnamese and Americans when communicating were revealed. Based on these barriers, the study provided some concluding remarks of this study. Though the research is in small scale and cannot cover all problems faced by Vietnamese and Americans in intercultural working environment, the author of this study hopes that it will contribute to identifying the problems Vietnamese and Americans may experience and help their communication become easier and more effective. Keywords: Tiếng Anh; Giao tiếp; Giao tiếp nơi công sở Content CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION 1.1. Rationale In recent years many researchers in applied linguistics and professionals working for an international company have emphasised the importance of knowledge of different cultures...
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...George J. Prokopiak HIS-114-OL010 Written Assignment 5 16 February 2015 Vietnam War and a New World Order with the End of Cold War Written Assignment 5 Question #1: As far as Vietnam is concerned, how did President Johnson "Americanize" the war? What was Nixon's policy of Vietnamization? Was anything achieved at the peace talks? What are the legacies of the Vietnam defeat? President Johnson “Americanized” the Vietnam War by many different avenues of approach taking a more aggressive posture. The president first started by supplying the South Vietnamese army with American military and economic assistance (Roark, 976-981). He significantly increased the American troop presence from 16,000 in 1964 to over 553,000 by 1969 displaying a much larger American presence (Roark, 976-981). America had stepped up bombing throughout Vietnam and neighboring countries (Roark, 976-981). In hopes of getting the backing of the American people and government, he strategically thought out who and where the bombs would be dropped (Roark, p. 980-981). He did not bomb near the northern border of Vietnam (Roark, p. 980-981). President Johnson did not want to provoke China or the Soviet Union into the war (Roark, p. 980-981). He did not want to make the same mistakes as Korea with the Chinese. He also thought about collateral damage. He tried to focus the bombings to low populated areas to minimize civilian casualties (Roark, p. 980-981). The bombing campaign was known as Rolling Thunder resulting...
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...it once had been. “No Direction Home” written by author Natasha Zaretsky sheds light on the fact that the United States’ moral, economic, military, and political fields weakened drastically throughout the 1970’s. The numerous factors that contributed to America’s slow deterioration as a country created desperate citizens, looking for any way to salvage the United States. Then Ronald Reagan ran for Presidency in 1980. His never-ending positivity and fresh new policies made Americans...
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...The Vietnam War between USA with South Vietnam and North Vietnam with Viet Cong had lasted about 10 years and had many significant consequences. Therefore, it’s one of the most important wars in the recent years and has possessed many resonances so far. It is an unforgettable war for the USA because it has unexpectedly lost the war. The USA has lost the war against a fragile,undeveloped country which is North Vietnam. USA has lost the war against a fragile,undeveloped country which is North Vietnam. There has been a lot of controversies about this war so far. These controversies are concentrated on the moral dimension of the war. In other words, the experts and the analysts are concerned about whether this war is just or not. The Vietnam War can’t be considered as just war when we evaluate it with the aid of the Jus Ad Bellum critters. It doesn’t meet the 6 critters such as just cause, comparative justice, legitimate authority, right intention, probability of success and last resort. First of all, the USA doesn’t have a just cause to declare a war against North Vietnam and Viet Cong. In this war, USA struggles against communism and wants to terminate the so-called dangerous activities of the North Vietnam and Viet Cong founded by Ho Min Cinh in South Vietnam. USA doesn’t correct a suffered wrong here although it regards communism as great public evil. Western countries which adopt liberalism disapprove communism and they think that communism have to be removed. In this war, USA...
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...Sources,” showed how the Communist Chinese desired to continue the war in Vietnam for ideological and imperial desires, thus rebuffing any peace overture made from Western powers. Mao Lin’s, “China and the Escalation of the Vietnam War: The First Years of the Johnson Administration”, stated that there clearly was a political struggle between the Soviet Union, Communist China, and the United States in Vietnam. Lin stated that Vietnam simply was another battlefield in the Cold War struggle. Melvyn P. Leffler stated the United States in Vietnam continued to fight to save face and credibility as defender of the free world. During the 1960’s Communist China perceived itself as the defender of national liberation movement, sent aid to the North Vietnamese, and refused to allow them to discuss peace with the United States. Additionally, Communist China wanted to gain influence within Southeast Asia and stamp out any influence from the Soviet Union in addition to the United States. Ideologically driven actions taken by Communist China in Vietnam when tied with events of the Sino-Soviet split had drastic implications upon actions that were taken by the United States in Vietnam. Finally, implications of the Vietnam War touched all three major participants and fundamentally altered the face of the Cold War and forced the major powers to adopt the policy of peaceful coexistence. Ideological and imperial ambitions played a critical role in the formation of Chinese policy in regard to support...
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...Geopolitics of Thailand TABLE OF CONTENTS Introduction 2 Geographic location in Asia 2 Economy of Thailand 2 Demographic 2 Culture 3 China and Thailand 3 What China would want from Thailand 3 What are the Chinese needs ? 3 What can Thailand provides to China in this optic ? 4 China and Thailand relationships 5 Thailand and its neighbours 7 ASEAN7 Myanmar8 Laos 8 Cambodia 8 Vietnam 9 Thailand and USA9 Relations threw the history9 Economic relations10 Current bilateral issues 11 Strategies11 Geopolitical imperatives11 Strategies with historical evolution 12 Conclusion 15 Bibliography 15 I. Introduction 1.1 Geographic location in Asia Totaling 513,120 km² Thailand is the world's 51st-largest country by total area. 1.2 Economy of Thailand Thailand is an emerging economy and considered as a newly industrialized country.It exports an increasing value of over $105 billion worth of goods and services annually.> Thai rice, textiles and footwear, fishery products, rubber, jewellery, cars, computers and electrical appliances. Its Substantial industries are : electric appliances, tourism (6%), sex tourism and prostitution…It also has a GDP worth US$602 billion. This classifies Thailand as the 2nd largest economy in Southeast Asia, after Indonesia.It is the 4th richest nation according to GDP per capita, after Singapore, Brunei and Malaysia. Finally the IMF has predicted that the Thai economy will...
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