...Concept Comparison and Analysis across Theories “Nursing theory is the term given to the body of knowledge applied to support nursing practice. Nursing theory is a framework designed to organize knowledge and explain phenomena in nursing, at a more concrete and specific level. A nursing theory is a set of concepts, definitions, relationships, and assumptions or propositions derived from nursing models or from other disciplines and project a purposive, systematic view of phenomena by designing specific interrelationships among concepts for the purposes of describing, explaining, predicting, and prescribing” (“Currentnursing.com”, 2010). Core concepts embody a theory creating the basis for the theory or model. In nursing, concepts help in the development of theories. Theorists have developed different models or theories but have common core concepts. Dorothea Orem’s self-care deficit nursing theory “The central philosophy of the Orem’s self-care deficit nursing theory is that patients want to care for themselves and can recover more quickly and holistically by performing their own self-care as much as they're able. The self-care requisites identified by Dorothea Orem fall into one of three categories” (“Currentnursing.com”, 2010): 1. Universal self-care requisites. a. Air b. Water c. Food d. Activity e. Rest f. Hazard prevention. 2. Developmental self-care requisites. a. Maturational: progresses the patient to a higher level of maturation. b. Situational:...
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...Importance of Nursing Theory We can define nursing theory as a group of concepts that describe and present current knowledge in nursing. Nursing theory looks to provide an overall vision and understanding of the profession of nursing. It helps to organize knowledge obtained and advances the way a discipline is practiced (Shea & Cavan, 2014). Before this course I had little exposure to nursing theory and its application in the clinical realm. I knew things were done a certain way but truly did not know the origin of the ideas that influenced current nursing care. During the completion of my BSN degree, I grasped a basic concept of nursing theory and studied the major theorist involved. It has been very enlightening to view nursing theory in another dimension and study the clinical implication of its integration in practice during this course. In the following analysis I will seek to establish the importance of nursing theory and its application. I will discuss Virginia Henderson’s theory of need nursing and the application of its key concepts into practice. I will also establish important aspects of her theory and how they apply to the nursing metaparadigm. The analysis will also address the relationship between Henderson’s views and nursing informatics. Overall the influence of theory and its application in nursing will be thoroughly discussed. The Value of Nursing Theory Throughout time, the nursing profession has been influenced by nursing theory. Nursing theory has contributed...
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...Running Head: Nurse Theorist Assignment 2: Nurse Theorist (Virginia Henderson) Niketa Patel NUR 210 Oakton Community College June 22, 2011 Virginia Henderson was a nurse[->0], researcher[->1], theorist[->2] and author. The name Virginia Henderson is well known in the Nursing profession. During her long life she provided a great deal of practical and indicative theories and guidelines for the practice of nursing. She was one of the first to support nurses to be actively involved in facilitating not only the care of the patient but also the group effort of physicians, nurses, and other clinical professionals in providing care in an appropriate manner and environment. The Henderson theory of nursing encompasses a definition of nursing, an explanation of the function[->3] of a nurse, and the information of the 14 components that compose up basic nursing care. According to Virginia Henderson the unique function of the nurse is to assist the individual, sick or well, in the performance of those activities contributing to health or its recovery or to peaceful death that he would perform unaided if he had the necessary strength, will or knowledge and to do this in such a way as to help him gain independence as rapidly as possible. Rather than focus on a particular task, Henderson focused on the patient. She saw how nursing could focus on the patient, and how it was possible to focus on developing a good nurse-patient relationship. This...
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...Virginia A. Henderson’s Nursing Theory Critique Gaylinn Breeze Maryville University Abstract This paper aims to provide an in depth critique of Henderson’s Nursing Theory using Fawcett’s framework for analysis and evaluation of nursing models. This paper will provide an analysis of the theory based on its scope, context and content. Secondly, the paper will provide an evaluation to unearth its significance, internal consistency, testability, as well as provide empirical and pragmatic adequacy. Lastly, the paper will give a detail of its assumptions and limitations. Virginia A. Henderson’s Nursing Theory Critique Virginia A. Henderson was considered a mother of nursing in the advent of modern day nursing. Her contribution to the nursing system was widely considered as a tool for transforming the nursing practices in health facilities. She gave elaborate guidelines and drew attention of nurses towards what an effective nursing practice would require of them. In her own setup, she carried out research and formulated a theory. Her theory of nursing focused on providing patients with factors that would enhance independence for the patients. In her efforts to transform the patient’s care approach, she acknowledged that basic needs were of primary concern in enabling a functional nursing approach. Her relationship between nursing care and basic needs propagated the ‘Needs Theory’. Scope...
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...Theory is defined as the systematic abstraction of reality that serves some type of purpose, usually including sets of concepts, definitions, and propositions. Nursing theories are known to evolve instead of being purposely made. “Nursing theories are the creative products of nurses who seek to thoughtfully describe the many aspects of nursing in ways that could be studied, evaluated, and used by other nurses” (Sitzman & Eichelberger, 2011). Virginia Henderson’s theory will help to explain the different concepts of nursing and how they are critiqued. “Maintain or restore the independence of the individual so that he can satisfy himself and his effortless 14 basic needs” (Potter and Perry, 1992) Analyzing the role and function of the nurse and enjoying the wide clinical experience, Virginia Henderson offers early 1960 a conceptual model based on fourteen basic needs. Before arriving there, she participated in the publication of a reference book on the principles and practices of nursing which included everything you needed to know at the time when we were nursing. It is also noted here, and among other things, the importance of nutrition, elimination, rest, cleanliness, a body temperature and Recreation regarding the sick. (Schmidt, 1972) For Virginia Henderson, the satisfaction of these needs has become increasingly essential. It in helping to satisfy, in addition to or in assisting the individual, family or group, helping to recover the capacity to do so, or preventing further...
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...Importance of Nursing Theory Chamberlain College of Nursing Theoretical Basis Adv Nursing NR501 July 20, 2015 Importance of Nursing Theory Theory is an arrangement of thoughts meant to describe something. These thoughts and ideas usually have basic principles that validate the purpose of the proposed theory. Nursing theory is a well thought out scholarly structure of concepts. These concepts are created to help guide nursing practice. They explain the fundamentals of nursing care. Multiple clinical decisions are based upon nursing theories. There are many different types of nursing theories developed primarily by nurses. Nursing theorist’s main goal is to examine nursing practice and explain the working or non-working parts of nursing. Theorists frequently use their academic and clinical experiences when producing theories. A very popular and influential nursing theorist in the twentieth century was Virginia Henderson. The development of her Nursing Need Theory has greatly impacted nursing practice today (Waller-Wise, 2012). This paper will include four sections. Section one will examine how theories have an impact and importance to the nursing profession. Section two will review the relationships among the concepts of Henderson’s Nursing Need Theory. Section three will examine two real-life examples illustrating the views of Henderson’s Theory. Section four will contain a summary and conclusion along with the knowledge gained from writing this paper. Section...
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...Grand Theory Nursing theory is determined by a combination of ideas, explanations, relationships, and premise developed by nurses to describe nursing care and practices (Application Theory, 2012). Nursing theories provide knowledge and direction towards the guidelines of how to improve and perfect nursing care (Application Theory, 2012). There are three categories of nursing theories: grand theories, middle-range theories and situation-specific theories (Meleis, 2012). Grand theories focus on a wide range of “experiences, observations, insights, and research findings” (Meleis, 2012, p. 33). These theories are developed over many years of practice and study and are not subjected to empirical testing (Meleis, 2012). Middle range theories have a more limited focus and concentrate on more of a specialized situation in the nursing practice so they are subject to empirical testing (Meleis, 2012). Situation-specific theories concentrate on a specific situation and are limited to that subject matter (Meleis, 2012). The intention of this paper is to explore grand theories. Grand theories are divided into four sub-groups: needs, interaction, outcome and caring (Meleis, 2012). Some of the issues grand theorists concentrate on include the development of the patient to nurse relationship, a patient’s ability to adapt to environmental challenges, and self care deficits (Smith & Parker, 2010). To provide more insight into the specifics of grand theory, 4 theorists were...
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...Virginia Henderson’s “Basic Principles of Nursing” I. Introduction “The unique function of the nurse is to assist the individual, sick or well, in performance of those activities contributing to health or its recovery (or peaceful death) that he/she would perform unaided if he/she had the necessary strength, will or knowledge. And to do this in such a way as to help him/her gain independence as rapidly as possible (Virginia Henderson, 1961).” Henderson's work is widely used by nurses in different nations because of its practicality and realistic application in nursing practice. The nursing assessment, diagnosis, plan and evaluation parallels the doctors' general decision-making processes. Relevance Henderson’s work is essential to clinical nurse today. With the major shift in emphasis of nursing care today, nurses should be able to use Henderson’s model in caring for the patient. The patient’s ability to perform the 14 basic human needs should be assessed before considering the kind of care function to administer. It is essential to determine if one will be performing as a helper, a doer, or substitute, or a partner. Nursing interventions are implemented according to the 14 basic human needs of the patient. The degree of performance, involvement of the patient and level of the nurse activity will be dependent on the specific role the nurse will be playing. Objectives: ...
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...literacy are more likely to miss preventive measures, which will most likely require rehospitalization. It is imperative for nurses to avoid jargons and use simple language to get the message across. While Henderson’s theory supports nursing as a profession in assisting patients who are well or sick and ensuring 14 basic needs, Orem’s theory is more contemporary where a nurse engages patient in plan of care and guides the patient to be self-dependent in the acquisition of knowledge and skills. Orem’s theory supports that client has the primary responsibility of personal health, with the nurse acting as a guide. Furthermore as long as self-care abilities equal or exceed self-care demands, such patients have no need for nursing ( Hohdorf,2010). However, if self –care deficit is recognized ,nurses should individualize care based on patient situation and must clearly communicate in order to improve and coordinate patient care. In order to improve and coordinate patient care, decisions made by nurses must be individualized to the patient situation, information collected by nurses must be clearly communicated to other health care providers and nurses must actively intervene and suppor Hohdorf, M. (2010). Self-Care Deficit Nursing Theory in Ingolstadt -- an approach to practice development in nursing care. Self-Care, Dependent-Care & Nursing, 18(1), 19-25. is approximated that there are 90 million people in the United States who cannot read...
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...Concept Comparison and Analysis Across Theories Julie McKay NUR/513 Theoretical Foundations of Practice December 06, 2014 Stephanie Vaughn Ph.D. R.N. CCRN A concept is a term that theoretically describes and names a fact or phenomenon, thus providing it with a separate identity or meaning. Nurses use theories to clarify the events through nursing practice. A concept analysis provides insight to nursing knowledge and understanding of the concepts allows nurses to determine nursing actions (George, 2011). Quality of Life Quality of life (QOL) is a contemporary phrase which was first heard after the Second World War and, since then, has been frequently used but not well explained (Meeberg, 1993). Most theorists have at least an unexpressed belief that human health and QOL are associated closely. It is the interest of most healthcare providers to promote QOL for those who are seeking help. However, nurses cannot work with clients to attain QOL if the goal is unclear (Meeberg, 1993). Both Virginia Henderson and Rosemarie Parse are influential nursing theorists that share a common concept of QOL. This paper will explore perspectives in regards to QOL between these two theorists. Henderson’s Theory Virginia Henderson believed humans have universal needs of water, air, and food for survival, and everyone plays a part of the contribution to the well-being of each other leading to the creation of a healthy society. Nurses care for patients, sick or well until they can care...
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...not as though nursing theory has only recently come into existence this century. Real theorists have been hard at work developing the theoretical framework for nursing practice for some time. For whatever reason, one desires to become a nurse, we must all start at the beginning...
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...1850’s with Florence Nightingale. She was the founder of the first nursing theory. From her foundation over the years nursing has blossomed into a great career and practice to where nurses and patients both benefit from the advances in theories and practice. Theory is an essential part of the past, present and future of nursing. Timeline: (1860) Florence Nightingale: - Florence Nightingale was the founder of nursing theory (George, 2011). She described nursing as both an art and a science. She recommended adjusting the environment to improve the person’s health. She believed that nursing was a calling and that it is different from medicine and the goal for nursing was to place the patient in the best possible condition for nature to act. She was able to construct this theory through her experiences in the Crimean war. Theory development began with Nightingale and was revived in the 1950s. Her foundational work is what nursing theorists expanded upon that started in the 1950’s until the present time. (1952) Hildegard Paplau: Interpersonal Relations Theory -Paplau, a psychiatric nurse instructor, described the nurse-client relationship, and stated that nursing is therapeutic interpersonal process (George, 2011). The 1950’s populated theoretical conceptualization of nursing science by Columbia University Teaching College graduates (George, 2011). Paplau, Henderson, and Abdellah’s theories resulted out of this. Paplau defined nursing as interpersonal process of...
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...Virginia Henderson, her theory was named a “need theory” and emphasized importance of maintaining independence so that process after being in the hospital would not be delayed. Categorized nursing into 14 components based on needs. * Her definition of nursing was: "The unique function of the nurse is to assist the individual, sick or well, in the performance of those activities contributing to health or its recovery (or to peaceful death) that he would perform unaided if he had the necessary strength, will or knowledge. And to do this in such a way as to help him gain independence as rapidly as possible" (Henderson, 1966). The 14 components * Breathe normally. Eat and drink adequately. * Eliminate body wastes. * Move and maintain desirable postures. * Sleep and rest. * Select suitable clothes-dress and undress. * Maintain body temperature within normal range by adjusting clothing and modifying environment * Keep the body clean and well groomed and protect the integument * Avoid dangers in the environment and avoid injuring others. * Communicate with others in expressing emotions, needs, fears, or opinions. * Worship according to one’s faith. * Work in such a way that there is a sense of accomplishment. * Play or participate in various forms of recreation. * Learn, discover, or satisfy the curiosity that leads to normal development and health and use the available health facilities. The first 9 components are...
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...Electrician In the state of Mississippi, 7,300 people were employed as electricians, which is nothing compared to the 577,000 people employed nation-wide in 2010 (“Electrician”). An electrician is important in many ways; they enable people to have electricity in their houses and fix any problems that may occur. Their work can range from maintenance to even putting up street lights. Before someone considers following the occupation as an electrician, he or she must first understand all the aspects of their work, as well as the many qualifications necessary to being an electrician. The job description of an electrician is varied as well as intense. The variation of an electrician’s job is due to the many different types of electricians. There are maintenance electricians, linemen, indoor wiremen, and many more. As a maintenance electrician one’s job is to install and repair electrical systems using their tools as well as blueprints, schematics, manuals, and electrical code (“Electrician”). One way a maintenance electrician fixes problems is through troubleshooting; troubleshooting, as one would say, “Is a form of problem solving, often applied to repair failed products or processes; it is a logical, systematic search for the source of a problem so that it can be solved, and so products or processes can be made operational again.” The technique of troubleshooting is used in many fields such as engineering, systems administration, electronics (electrician), automotive repair,...
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...Nursing Theory Plan of Care Fintan O’Connell NUR/513 May 23, 2012 Francine McDonald Care Plan for Ronald Issler |Nursing Process |Data and Relevant Information | |1. Breathe normally |Complains of shortness of breath, oxygen saturation 88% on room air, | | |heart rate 58, chest x-ray with bilateral lower lobe infiltrates, | | |history of DVT. | |2. Eat and drink adequately |Height 6 ft., weight 147 pounds. BMI 19.7 (lower range of normal). | | |History of congestive heart failure, takes diuretic. Hemoglobin and | | |hematocrit levels low (HGB 10.4 gm/dl, HCT 29.6%) | |3. Elimination of body wastes |History of congestive heart failure (as noted above), elevated | | |creatinine level of 2.0 mg/dl | |4. Move and maintain posture |Increasing weakness...
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