...Presentation Rubric Group: Team AName(s): Jody Marvin, Fabi Michel, Rhiannon Armstrong, Stephen LorenzCourse Visual Ambiguity Presentation | Date: 7.25.2012Assignment Week 3 Learning Team | Content-4 Possible -Presentation content clearly follows the written paper upon which it is based: Visual Ambiguity-Topic is relevant and addresses assignment specifications: How the visual system resolves ambiguities, analyze the role of perception in cognitive psychology, discuss the importance of visual perception in cognitive processes.-Content presented is comprehensive, accurate, and believable-Key points are noted-Topic is researched adequately | Points Earned: 3.5Team A, This presentation started with a nice definition and discussion of visual ambiguity.I would have liked to see a more comprehensive discussion of the ecological approach; bottom up/top down processing etc. Just looking for a bit more content related to how the visual system resolves ambiguities. Otherwise, I thought that you had nice discussions of the importance of visual ambiguity, attention, perception, and cognition. | Organization/Structure-1.5 Possible -Presentation...
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...After reading this chapter, the basic reflexes present at birth are rooting, tendency to turn head toward things that touch its cheek, related to function of food intake; Sleeping, movement of legs when held upright with feet touching floor; prepares for independent locomotion; Swimming, tendency to paddle and kick when lying face down in water; related to function of avoiding danger; Moro, arms of infant thrust outward and then appear to grasp something; similar to primates’ protection from falling; Babinski, fans out toes in response to stroke on outside of foot; function unknown; Startle, in response to noise, fling out arms, arch back and spread fingers; protection is the function; Eye-blink, with exposure to light, rapidly open and shut eyes; function is to protect eye from exposure; Sucking, tendency to suck when lips are touched; related to function of food intake; Gag, reaction to clear the throat; related to function of prevention of choking. And the developmental milestones in motor development are: gross motor is rolling over, grasping a rattle, sitting without support, standing while holding on, grasping with thumb and forefinger, standing alone well, walking well, building tower of two cubes, walking up steps, jumping in place; fine motor opens hand prominently, grasps rattle, grasps thumb and finger, holds crayon adaptively, builds tower of two cubes, places pegs in a board, imitates strokes on a paper, copies circle. While there is a consistency to the timing of...
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...studying perceptual development tend to make a distinction between sensation - "the functioning of our sensory system", and perception - "the interpretation of those sensations" (Foley & Matlin, 2010, p. 2). Perceptual development provides the foundation for interpreting the events of the world around us. Stimuli from the environment that evoke sensory experiences of hearing, seeing, and touching promote brain growth and development. Our sensory systems do indeed change over time, just like the rest of our body. At birth our senses are not completely developed giving us an incomplete view of the world. As we age, our senses will decline leaving us with less of a connection with the world. The path and nature of the development of our senses are important for several reasons. Understanding development helps the medical field intervene in problems to help people of all ages have more normal sensory systems. Understanding development also yields important insight into the basic operations of our sensory systems. Seeing how they change gives researchers peaks into the nature of their general operation. In perceptual development, many focus area does exist, but for the purpose of this paper, emphasis will be placed on discussing the significance of nature vs. nurture to perceptual development in infants, as well as discuss other sensation and perception concepts like visual abilities – acuity and eye movements. Nature vs. Nurture Nature and Nurture in perceptual development has been...
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...neurofibrillary tangles, and severe loss of neurons and synapses in the cerebral cortex. Alzheimer's is a neurodegenerative disorder ( Hof, Vogt, Bouras, and Morrison 1997). Recent attention has been focused on visual dysfunction in Alzheimer's Disease (K. U. Loffler, D. P. Edward, & M. O. M. Tso 1995). Visual Problems During the clinical evaluation of patients with mild to moderate dementia of the AD type, visual difficulties such as : topographic agnosia, visual agnosia, alexia without agraphia, and prosopagnosia are detected. AD patients have The problem of describing the individual components of a picture is consistent with the severity of cytochrome oxidase (C.O.) deficits in the association cortical areas. Other deficits experienced by AD patients were texture discrimination, blue-violet discrimination, and 4.72 deg/sec motion detection. When AD patients were compared to other age-matched controls, AD patients had shown specific deficits in contrast sensitivity. Deficits in color vision were only age-related (M. Wong-Riley, et al. , 1997). Studies Selective degeneration of large ganglion cell axons was observed in the optic nerves of AD patients, which suggested an impairment of broad-band channel visual function. Although studies show that the broad-band visual capabilities are not selectively impaired in AD. Dorsal LGN studies have shown that both the magno- and parvicellular neurons were greatly affected in AD patients....
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...approach further by using electrodes to investigate direct electrical stimulation of the visual cortex. Several of his patients experienced limited subjective visual phenomena. In 1956, the first known proposal for a retinal prosthesis was outlined by Tassicker in Melbourne, Australia. However, research and design of it did not start until the late 1980s. In 2002, the first retinal prostheses began with clinical trials for the Argus Ⅰ. Nine years later, the next generation Argus Ⅱ was approved for marketing in Europe after successful implantation in 30 patients. Eventually in 2013, the Argus Ⅱ became...
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...“I think we are ready to have kids,” my husband suggested. “Do you think so?” I replayed. “Yes, I do, don’t you?” my husband confidently answered. “I don’t know much about kids,” I sighed. My husband was very excited to have kids, but I wasn't because I was thinking I should know more about kids before I have one. I was afraid. What if I become a bad mother? What if I did something wrong to my baby? I know that children can be affected by parents, but I want to know what the other things that effect on children. Last session, in reading class, I found an article “Mom’s love good for child’s brain”, which made me more interest in that topic. I knew from the article that mother’s love one of the effects on children. Children rising in good mothering environment have larger hippo-campus than those rising in bad mothering environment. However, I am sure there are more things that effect on children brains. Since my husband and I start to think about having baby, I want to know more about baby’s development, and how could I provides better life curriculum and socially to my baby? How can I let my baby become smart and not cause any issues to him/her? What are the things that could hurt my baby’s brain? So I began in my research trip. I took two weeks to complete my research. In the first week, I start interviewing people. I interviewed four people including psychiatrist and ophthalmologist. They all told me that parent effect on children. Also, Doctor Stevens who is psychiatrist...
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...the image hitting the retina ,do you think there would be changes in the way people perceive the world ? Yes, people will see everything rotated 180 degrees from the normal way. It could also affects our vision, people will see things big or small depends upon the position of the second lens. Much research is being conducted for repairing faulty sensory organs through devices such as personal guidance systems and eyeglasses, among others, do you think that researchers should attempt to improve normal sensory capabilities beyond their natural range.For example, make human visual or audio up abilities more sensitive than normal)? What benefit might this ability bring? What problems might it cause? It will be a good attempt if researchers try to improve normal sensory capabilities beyond their natural range. Which will help to improve people with short range of sensory capabilities. Moreover,it will help people with vision,hearing and all other sensory problems. However, many people will misuse that. For example, athletes could misuse,shooters could cheat by increasing their visual range. Moreover, when people try to become extra ordinary problems will arises. Burglars could misuse that for burglary too. In what ways do...
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...Psych/640 March 2015 Volume 1, Issue 1 Visual Imagery What is Visual Imagery Two important cognitive systems a person has are a person’s visual and verbal systems which are two very basic ways that individuals are able to express themselves to others. These two systems allow individuals to both create word and visual images in order to communicate thoughts with other individuals. In the verbal system a person is able to create words, portray thoughts, sequence words together in order to communicate with other people. In the visual system the system is more sensory based, relying on holistic, emotional, personal, and fantasy-based information or images. This system though being called visual is not just about seeing it’s also about sounds and touch. This paper is going to compare and contrast verbal and visual imagery, provide an argument of which is considered more important by the author, and provide justification of the argument with research . Inside this issue Visual Imagery ............................ 1 Visual and Verbal Systems .......... 1 Argument of Importance ............ 2 Closing Thoughts......................... 2 Visual and Verbal Systems For cognitive functioning to work in most individuals they must use imagery as well as verbal systems together. According to Mzoughi and Abdelhak (2011), most people uses both verbal and visual together though some people may be better at one or the other. Some individuals may be better visually and be considered...
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...Visual perception is the interpretation of the visual world by processing the information transmitted by visual light, transducing the information into a medium the brain can understand. Understanding the mechanisms behind visual perception is important in understanding incidences when visual perception goes wrong. Receptive fields are one mechanism to understand how the brain processes the visual world. A receptive field is a discrete area of visual space that elicits a response in a specific neuron (Allman et al, 1985), and hence stimulation in a receptive field should result in activity in its associated cell. Receptive fields display precise organisation and structure that differs in complexity with progression through the visual system,...
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...and side effects of Premature Babies, and if their son will be able to develop normally. The family will visit for an appointment once every other month as of right now during his main stages of development as a toddler, then it may be decided that such frequent appointments are not necessary, and may be decided to lengthen the span of appointments to 3 months, 6 months, etc. The final product of the report will include the most important journal entries throughout the duration of the study. The following information is background information on ROP, fetal development, and the definition of Stage 5 ROP: “Stage V — Completely detached retina and the end stage of the disease. If the eye is left alone at this stage, the baby can have severe visual impairment and even blindness.” (NEI) The eye starts to develop at about 16 weeks. At this point retinal blood vessels develop at the optic nerve in the back of the eye. The blood vessels grow slowly toward the edges of the developing retina, supplying oxygen and nutrients, but the last 12 weeks is when the eye develops rapidly. A full term babies retinal blood vessel growth is nearly complete, and finishes a few weeks to a month after birth. If a child is born before the blood vessels reach the edges of the retina, blood vessel growth may stop. This may stop nutrients and oxygen from getting to the edges of the eye. Scientists believe that the edges of the retina sends out signals to other areas of the eye to receive nourishment. With the...
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...day activities. These can also be classified as the proprioceptive, vestibular, tactile and visual systems as well. Each of these senses adapt to the environments around us to help make us more comfortable and to tune out certain annoyances. In the view of evolution, sensory adaptation plays a fairly significant role. Survival of the fittest is usually the test of time and to achieve this trait an animal must adapt to its surroundings and change with it. However, the animal not only needs to change with the environment, it needs to find a way to utilize its senses to better aid it in becoming a top of the food chain animal. Adaptation and Our Bodies When viewing the world we live in we may not readily notice the incredible functions of our bodies on a day to day basis. The fast pace we have grown accustomed to keeps us pre-occupied from really paying attention to the small things that happen around us. Every day we find ourselves being introduced in to an uncomfortable environment. It is the incredible power of our bodies and functions within that adjust to these discomforts and make them more tolerable. This can be defined as Sensory Adaptation. This system is a part of the Central Nervous System that consists of many receptors that take in the environment around us and even the environment from within. In this paper we will examine some aspects of the sensory systems and experiments conducted to expose adaptation at work. Water My first experiment was with...
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...Integrated Visual Systems Shining the light on technology Krispy Kreme Doughnut case study Purchasing a secret yeast-raised doughnut recipe from a French chef in New Orleans, Vernon Rudolf opened the first Krispy Kreme in Winston-Salem, NC in July of 1937. The plan was to supply doughnuts to local grocery stores, but customers soon started inquiring about purchasing hot doughnuts. A hole was cut in a wall of the store and he started selling “Hot Original Glazed” doughnuts directly to customers. Currently, Krispy Kreme produces more than 7 million doughnuts a day. There are 357 retail stores in the US and Canada. All the ambient temperature ingredients and store supplies are shipped from the company’s distribution warehouses in NC, IL, and CA. In October 2002, they shipped their first load of mix to Australia and have added locations in the UK, Korea and Mexico. The original project, installed in March of 1999, automated what was at that time the lone distribution warehouse in Winston-Salem, NC. The goal was to eliminate the manual/paper-based system and go to a real-time, RF-based pick and ship process. Krispy Kreme runs the Macola Progression Series ERP system and needed a WMS that would interface directly to it and provide updates on a real-time basis for inventory, order status, etc. To accomplish the task, IVS developed a Macola interface module that posts transactions to Macola as they occur in the warehouse. ““We have seen an ROI in labor reductions, freight savings...
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...Jeremy Chaffin Psychology 1000-01 March 19th, 2012 Short Paper Number 1 A.) “The optic nerve, for example, bundles a million axon fibers into a single cable carrying the messages each eye sends to the brain” (Mason and Kandel, 1991) P.55 B.) Mason, C., and Kandel, E.R. (1991. Central visual pathways . In E.R. Kandel, J.H. Schwartz, and T.M. Jessell. Principles of neural science (3rd. ed.) New York: El sevier. C.) This sentence was very interesting to me mainly because I did not know the optic nerve has a million axon fibers in it. Also I never though about the fact that our eyes our constantly sending messages to our brains. Obviously it remains logical just never took the time to think about it. In addition, our eyes our how we process information and the idea of our brains being interconnected with our eyes ultimately through axon fibers is very intriguing. I went and found the original, it was a very large textbook and I simply asked a guy at a work desk if he could help me. We search the reference in part b into the ECU library and went and got it. D.) There was a ton of information in this textbook but the 2 facts the really stood out to me were 1. Our eyes allow us to perceive electromagnetic radiation reflected from objects. This is a pretty high light intensity that we can reflect which seemed pretty cool to me. And 2. The eyeball is an optical device for focusing light. This was pretty cool to find out that the eye can change the extent...
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...HELLO THERE The visual system in humans and animals allows individuals to assimilate information from the environment. The act of seeing starts when the lens of the eye focuses an image of its surroundings onto a light-sensitive membrane in the back of the eye, called the retina. The retina is actually part of the brain that is isolated to serve as a transducer for the conversion of patterns of light into neuronal signals. The lens of the eye focuses light on the photoreceptive cells of the retina, which detect the photons of light and respond by producing neural impulses. These signals are processed in a hierarchical fashion by different parts of the brain, from the retina upstream to central ganglia in the brain. Note that up until now much of the above paragraph could apply to octopi, molluscs, worms, insects and things more primitive; anything with a more concentrated nervous system and better eyes than say a jellyfish. However, the following applies to mammals generally and birds (in modified form): The retina in these more complex animals sends fibers (the optic nerve) to the lateral geniculate nucleus, to the primary and secondary visual cortex of the brain. Signals from the retina can also travel directly from the retina to the superior colliculus. The second school advocated the so called 'intro-mission' approach which sees vision as coming from something entering the eyes representative of the object. With its main propagators Aristotle, Galen and their followers...
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...University of Phoenix Material Neurological Structures and Functions Worksheet Short-Answer Essays 1. Describe why humans have a blind spot. Humans have blind spots because of the optic nerve information that is sent to the brain from the retina is through the optic nerve. Well the nerve has to have a way to exit the eye, that exit is where the blind spot is. 2. Describe the functional and anatomic differences between rods and cones. The retina is what houses the eye’s rods and cones. The eye has about 6 million cones and 120 million rods. Both rods and cones get their names from their shape. Rods do not provide color vision, and are sensitive to dim light. Cones function well in the day and provide color vision. 3. Describe the trichromatic and opponent-process theories of color vision. The opponent-process theory of color vision states how some of our color combnations are some that we never see like reddish-green or yellowish-blue. This theory says that color is basically ran by wo opponent systems which is blue-yellow, and reg green mechanisms. The trichromatic theory of color suggests color vision is formulated by the actions of three different receptors. People who have normal vision of color should have three wavelengths of light to make different colors. 4. Trace the process of interpreting auditory information from the stimulus to the interpretation. When a sound is heard the energy from the sound is changed into nerve impulses...
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