...The project focuses on people who loss vision though injury, vision loss caused by eye disorder or age related macular degeneration. Jones’s work on the feed though component that transfer the signals from the implanted microchip to the electrodes was the most technological development device. The improvements on this device will greatly improve the quality of the image the person can see. The device has more than two hundred fifty six electrodes that helps see images with larger number of pixels. It is a device with sixty electrodes that help people who are blind to read words on a screen. Hopefully in the next ten years macular degeneration and retinitis pigmentosa will be a thing of the past. Macular degeneration affects older adults that loss vision in the center of the visual field because of damaged retina. Retinitis pigmentosa is a inherited eye disorder that severe vision impairment. The Boston Ritnal implants project was founded in 1980 and was working with Bionic Eye Technologies inc along with Visus Technologies inc. to develop state of the art devices to assist visual impaired people. (Newswire,...
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...Ushers syndrome is very common disorder that affects hearing loss and vision loss. A syndrome is a disease or a disorder that has more than one symptom. Symptoms that come with ushers syndrome are hearing loss and vision loss, Which are affected by retinitis pigmentosa or RP. Usher syndrome is the most common condition that affects both hearing and vision. A syndrome is a disease or disorder that has more than one feature or symptom. The major symptoms of Usher syndrome are hearing loss and an eye disorder called retinitis pigmentosa, or RP. Usher syndrome is an inherited condition characterized by progressive vision loss and hearing impairment. The vision loss is due to retinitis pigmentosa (RP), a degenerative condition of the retina, and...
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...Conditions Related to the Eye and Blindness Michael A. Allen Jackson State University Abstract Conditions related to the eye and blindness is very common. There are many disease of the eye. Many of these diseases can cause a lot of harm. There are five main points that will be discussed they are age-related macular degeneration, retinitis pigmentosa, retinopathy, visual impairment in higher learning, and social support for the visually impaired. Macular degeneration often damages central vision and is prevalent in people age 60 and over with rare cases of people fewer than 50. Retinitis Pigmentosa is common among families; it’s not always related to hereditary factors. Retinopathy is a common problem for people with diabetes where retinal blood vessels break down and affect vision. People with visual impairments who are in higher learning are very common now days and accommodations are set up for persons. Social support for people who are visually impaired is key factors to helping those individuals have a normal and productive life. Introduction There are many eye conditions. They are listed as followed. Lazy Eye or Amblyopia is a very common condition. Usually present early in childhood, lazy eye can be corrected if caught early. Learn what you can do to correct this eye condition before it becomes severe. Aphakia is a condition where the lens of the eye is missing. It can greatly decrease your vision acuity and cause other problems if not treated. Astigmatism...
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...influential young woman. Molly has been diagnosed with “retinitis pigmentosa”. She started locally speaking about her cause in grade 11, but because of how rare her disease is she made her first appearance of speaking at just five years old, However it was not about bullying it was about her condition. When Molly graduated high school is when she began to branch out and speak in the surrounding areas. Currently Molly goes around to schools to speak out and talk to students about bullying, she lets them know that they are not alone and that others have been through the same struggle. Another way she is helping...
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...Liu performed a surgery on Boesen to insert stem cells into his spinal cord where Boesen’s spinal cord was squashed. The surgery was the climax of years of research performed by scientists from all over the world. The type of stem cells injected into Boesen’s spinal cords were oligodendrocyte progenitor cells, which are located in the brain and spinal cord. Oligodendrocyte Progenitor cells make myelin, a soft material that forms thick layers around the axons of some neurons. Axons are long thread like fibers that communicate neural impulses from cell to cell. Boesen has made remarkable strides since his surgery and can lead a semi-normal life again due to his surgery. Another patient that received stem cells, Kristin Macdonald, had retinitis pigmentosa, a genetic disease which results in the slow decay of photoreceptors located in the retina. As the photoreceptors begin to die off, the person someday be completely blind. Macdonald was the first person in North America, to receive an injection into the eye of retinal progenitor cells with the goal of repairing and replacing damaged cells. The injections have allowed Macdonald to be able to see shapes and colors, and hopefully continue to improve with the use of more stem cell treatments. Stem cells have also been used to treat multiple sclerosis by using chemotherapy first to kill of the patient’s unhealthy immune system, and then stem cells to restore the immune system. This treatment has stopped or decreased the symptoms of multiple...
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...no comfort or understanding your disability. Your disability makes it hard to communicate to strangers, and it makes it difficult for you to trust your surroundings. This disability is called Deaf-Blindness and you have impaired vision and hearing. Deafblindness could happen in many stages in someone’s life during premature birth, later in life, or even from a genetic cause. Premature children can gain Deafblindness from problems associated with premature birth (before the 37 weeks of pregnancy), an infection during pregnancy, genetic conditions, or foetal alcohol syndrome. With the highest leading cause to Deaf-Blindness is Usher’s Syndrome, this Syndrome has three diagnose. With the major cause to Usher’s Syndrome would be Retinitis Pigmentosa or called RP. This disease is a group of genetic disorders that affect the Retina’s ability to respond to light, with this inherited disease it would be a slow process to losing your vision. As an individual gets older his Deaf-Blindness could be age related, damage to his brain, or from Usher’s Syndrome. This is also known as an acquired Deaf-Blindness that he was born with but doesn’t develop until his later life....
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...Leishay Julian Write-up for Eyes Date: 2/21/2014 Time: 1200 Biographical: D.T, 42, Female, African American, D.O.B 12-4-1971, Student, referred by Dr. Thompson, Oriented to person, time, place, reliable source of information History of Present Illness - Chief Complaint: Difficulty with vision bilaterally Symptom Analysis: Difficultly with vision bilaterally 1. Where: States difficult vision in eyes bilaterally. Denies symptoms of increased pain patterns.. States symptoms first noted at school on 5/20//2002. 2. When: The symptoms occurred the afternoon of 5/20/2002. Symptoms developed gradually and have worsened since onset. States “my vision has remained poor, but stabilized since 2009.” Denies specific time or day of week correlated to symptoms. 3. What: Experiences blurry vision when viewing distant objects. Denies any specific event in relation to symptoms. States use of prescription lenses correct vision difficulty. Denies any aggravating factors. States symptoms as “an annoyance”. Denies any strenuous daily activities that contribute to blurry vision. 4. How: States “nearsightedness is likely due to genetics”. Denies any additional factors or stressors occurring at work, school, or home. States nearsightedness present in father and mother. Reports similar episodes occurred in the in the past. 5. Why: Suspects nearsightedness is likely due to genetics. Denies other symptoms occurring at same time. Denies any major changes...
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...help in movement of muscles et al. If these mitochondrial problems affect only the muscles, the disease is known as a mitochondrial myopathy, where myo stands for muscle and pathos stands for disease. On the other hand, if they affect both, the muscle and the brain, it is called as a mitochondrial encephalomyopathy, where encephalo stands for brain. Group of Mitochondrial Myopathy Diseases include: Kearns-Sayre syndrome (KSS), Mitochondrial DNA Depletion Syndrome (MDS), Mitochondrial Encephalomyopathy; Lactic Acidosis and Stroke Like Episodes (MELAS), Mitochondrial Neurogastrointestinal Encephalomyopathy (MNGIE), Myoclonus Epilepsy with Ragged Red Fibers (MERRF), Progressive External Ophthalmoplegia (PEO), Neuropathy, Ataxia and Retinitis Pigmentosa (NARP), Leigh Syndrome, and Pearson Syndrome. Now, the question what causes mitochondrial myopathy? All of know that our body is made with the help of genes. The particular type of genes that affect mitochondrial diseases are those that make proteins, which in turn, work inside the mitochondria. Mitochondria refers to a lot of energy factories, its singular is known as mitochondrion. Inside each of these mitochondrions, fuel molecules obtained from food are used to manufacture or produce ATP, the energy molecule. This process of manufacturing needs oxygen and there aren't many proper ways of producing the ATP outside the mitochondrion. Now what happens is this. Proteins get the fuel molecules, wiz. the fats and...
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...(can’t see red), Deuteranomaly is green weakness and Deuteranopia is green blindness. Some other ones are Tritanomaly (blue weakness), Tritanopia (blue blindness), monochromacy (can only see blue) the most common one, Red-Green Colourblindness and Achromatopsia (total color blindness). Donald McIntyre concludes that the types of color blindnesses branch out from the basic Protan, Deutan and Tritan. Another idea, mentioned by KidsHealth (2002), Braus (2014), Britannica (2015) and Donald McIntyre (2006) stated that color blindness is most commonly inherited but can happen if the person takes drugs or has chronic disease(s). Some diseases that can damage and destroy our cones are Alzheimer’s, Diabetes, Macular Degeneration, Glaucoma and Retinitis Pigmentosa. These diseases sometimes affect the retina, ultimately damaging the cones, but color blindness is still most commonly inherited. It is more common in males because color blindness is in the X chromosome, males have one of of them whereas females have 2. Color blindness is inherited by only the mother because they are the carriers with the exception of blue-yellow blindness, which can be inherited by both parents. The drugs can alter some chemical reactions in eye, that can damage the retina and the cones. These authors conclude that even though there are many ways to acquire colorblindness, it is most commonly inherited. There are three different ideas about color blindness in these sources, they all talk about its types and effects...
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...attack, stroke and death. These side effects are very rare, only occurring in some men. Other more common side effects include flushing, headache, blurred vision or changes in vision color, nausea, back and muscle pain, dizziness and rash [2]. Certain drug-drug interactions are possible while taking sildenafil. Nitrates, guanylate cyclase stimulators, alpha blockers, HIV protease inhibitors, oral antifungal medicines, clarithromycin, erythromycin, high blood pressure, and other PDE-5 inhibitors should not be taken while on sildenafil [2]. These drugs could cause serious side effects and/or life threatening complications. Additionally, patients with hepatic or renal impairments, low or uncontrolled high blood pressure, stomach ulcers, retinitis pigmentosa, a deformed penis, have had heart surgery within 6 months, pulmonary hypertension, heart problems, or have ever had a stroke should speak to a physician prior to taking sildenafil [2]. Viagra is not approved for use in women and children. Additionally, sildenafil is very easy to overdose on with a low therapeutic index. Patients should not take more than one 100 mg pill per day [2]. ...
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...The former can originate from remnants of the hyaloid artery or glial remnants of Bergmeister’s papilla,(1) although they are occasionally detected in normal eyes. These congenital vitreous cysts have been depicted as sessile or pedunculated pearl-gray cysts that are located anterior to the optic disc, and rarely they are limited in their movements by vitreous strands that are linked to the optic disc.(2) Acquired vitreous cysts have been described in patients affected by degenerative diseases, such as retinitis pigmentosa and choroidal atrophy, and have been reported to arise from degeneration of a ciliary adenoma breaking into the vitreous cavity, cystic growth at a site of a coloboma that enters the vitreous cavity, uveitis, toxoplasmosis (3),retinal detachment , retinoschisis , parasitic vitritis,(4) and nematode endophthalmitis....
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...Neil Harbisson's Eyeborg Palm Beach State College Abstract This paper explores the new technological advances for people with Achromatopsia from research conducted mostly online. All of the research conducted explains the device on how it is used and what it is used for. It also shows how the sounds are conducted so the people using the eyeborg can understand it. Neil Harbisson's Eyeborg Barcelona based artist, Neil Harbisson was born with a condition called Achromatopsia which means that he was born color-blind. He has described himself as a cyborgist and colorologist. With the help of a new technological device that is attached to the back of his skull can translate color to sound. Harbisson can hear the color of sound through audible frequencies through this device in which he calls an "eyeborg". Harbisson has used the term sonochromatism (or sonochromatopsia) to define his new condition. He explains that "achromatopsia can no longer define his condition because achromatopsics cannot perceive nor distinguish colors. He also explains that synesthesia does not define his condition accurately because the relation between color and sound varies depending on each person, whereas sonochromatopsia is an extra sense that relates color to sound objectively and equally to everyone" (Harbisson, 2012). The idea for the device came about when he was attending Dartmouth College of Arts in England, where Harbisson met Adam Montandon who was giving a lecture on cybernetics...
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...excess neural connections between regions of the brain which therefore allow nerve impulses to move faster. “Furthermore, others have argued that synesthesia is the direct result of enhanced communication between the senses as a logical outgrowth of the cross-modality interactions present in all individuals” (PLoS Biology 2011). Others are saying that the association between graphemes and colors “...reflects a common neurodevelopmental mechanism of brain connectivity” (Kniffin 2009). Although synesthesia is not considered a mental illness, some people with mental disorders can develop a type of synesthesia that is not inherited. Most of these cases were caused by severe trauma to the head. “...after early visual deprivation due to retinitis pigmentosa, touch stimuli can produce visual phosphenes, and after loss of tactile sensation from a thalamic lesion, sounds can elicit touch sensations” (PLoS Biology 2011). Another example of non-hereditary synesthesia is limb amputees. By merely watching other people being touched, they feel as if someone is touching them where their limb used to be, also known as phantom limb. Synesthesia can also be induced by hallucinogenic drugs. Geneticists have long been mystified by the genes underlying synesthesia. When it is thought that someone has found the gene responsible, someone else disproves it with the finding of another possibility. In the past few years, researchers have found a promising potential location: chromosome 2q24.1. Significant...
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...Viagra Vs Cialis Viagra What is Viagra? Viagra (sildenafil) relaxes muscles and increases blood flow to particular areas of the body. Viagra is used to treat erectile dysfunction (impotence) in men. Another brand of sildenafil is Revatio, which is used to treat pulmonary arterial hypertension and improve exercise capacity in men and women. Do not take Viagra while also taking Revatio, unless your doctor tells you to. Important information about Viagra You should not use Viagra if you are allergic to sildenafil. Do not take Viagra if you are also using a nitrate drug for chest pain or heart problems. This includes nitroglycerin, isosorbide dinitrate, and isosorbide mononitrate. Nitrates are also found in some recreational drugs such as amyl nitrate or nitrite ("poppers"). Taking Viagra with a nitrate medicine can cause a sudden and serious decrease in blood pressure. Contact your doctor or seek emergency medical attention if your erection is painful or lasts longer than 4 hours. A prolonged erection (priapism) can damage the penis. Stop using this medicine and get emergency medical help if you have sudden vision loss. Before taking Viagra You should not use Viagra if you are allergic to sildenafil. Do not take Viagra if you are also using a nitrate drug for chest pain or heart problems. This includes nitroglycerin, isosorbide dinitrate, and isosorbide mononitrate. Nitrates are also found in some recreational drugs such as amyl nitrate or nitrite ("poppers"). Taking...
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...Lipoic acid, or more technically alpha-lipoic acid, is an increasingly recognized dietary supplement that has demonstrated a variety of beneficial effects. Lipoic acid occurs naturally in small amounts in the body where it is involved in a variety of processes but is primarily important in aerobic metabolism and various enzymatic actions. Lipoic acid is known to be involved in the energy-producing processes in cells. Lipoic acid is found in many foods, including liver, kidney, and heart meat and in broccoli, spinach, beets, yeast, yams, carrots, and potatoes. Scientists discovered lipoic acid in the 1950s, but the importance of this compound and its critical role as an antioxidant in the body was not defined until 1988. Lipoic acid is readily converted in the body to another compound called dihydrolipoic acid. Dihydrolipoic acid, or R-Dihydrolipoic acid, is the reduced form of lipoic acid that has more immediate effects than lipoic acid and has even more significant antioxidant effects than lipoic acid. Both of these antioxidants are particularly effective in destroying free radicals known as peroxynitrite radicals. These damaging compounds contain both oxygen and nitrogen and have been implicated in the development of chronic inflammation, nervous system diseases, pulmonary diseases, and arteriosclerosis. Lipoic acid acts as an antioxidant in the body and has been shown to have protective effects against nerve damage in diabetics, among other beneficial effects. Lipoic acid...
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