...basic tasks that teaching entails. This is so because teaching necessitates some kind of organization. The need to plan lies on the high degree of complexity of teaching and on the manifold nature of those variables that affect the different elements upon which it is built up, such as physical spaces, timetables, teachers, pupils… According to De Pablo (1992), planning is a decision-taking process by teachers in terms of anticipating their teaching practice. Gimeno & Pérez (1992) consider planning as an intermediate stage between theory and practice in which teachers draw up their educational interventions from a purely theoretical point of view. The main features of this model of planning/programming within the frame of our present educational system are: Based on the teaching-learning process. Its aim is the development of our students’ capacities. Contents make reference to three different but complementary spheres: concepts, procedures and attitudes. Special attention is paid to activities, resources and the organization of the FL setting (space, time, groupings). Each and every of its components (objectives, contents, basic competences, activities, resources, evaluation…) are intimately interwoven. Offers a flexible model open to continuous suggestions and corrections. 2 Contextualization Our present-day curricular model, featured by two essential hallmarks, its flexibility and openness, makes it feasible for any Annual Teaching Programme to be applied...
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...Lexical Approach on College English Teaching in China I. Introduction 1.1 Background In recent years, college English teaching research focuses on exploring more effective teaching methods to improve the students’English proficiency and self-learning ability. China's college English teaching find itself caught in a dilemma of time-consuming but low-efficiency. The undesirable language teaching situation drives the teaching researchers to make great efforts to innovate present teaching ideas and methods. No matter how much attention has been paid to reading and writing training, teachers and students generally think that vocabulary teaching is of vital importance and it is the foundation of English learning. However, a majority of students acquire new words by rote learning and some students even try to memorize the words based on the vocabulary list. Although students' vocabulary size is increased quickly, their English language skills have not been improved. In order to resolve these problems, we can try to update the teaching idea of vocabulary and to improve the teaching method. 1.2 Purpose of the Paper The focus of traditional English teaching is mainly on grammar and vocabulary, which are regarded as two independent items. In fact, students cannot express themselves very well even though they have acquired many words and grammar rules. So, how can we change the situation? Many studies have been conducted to improve English teaching efficiency in order to equip students...
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...Importance of English Language Teaching in India By Prof (Dr) Shefali Bakshi, Deputy Director, Amity School of Languages Since the colonization of India, English became the language of our country and is soon expanding. The teaching of English is gaining importance in every area today. With all its countless, instructional objectives like the aural-oral skills of listening and speaking, graphic skills of reading and writing, appreciation, etc, it has become one of the most difficult subjects to teach in the Indian situation. The complexities of the skills involved, alienation and other problems such as differences in the levels of initiation of instruction, differences in the socio-economic status, differences in urban and rural background, scarcity of teachers well-versed in content matter as well as the methodology of teaching, lack of adequate aids and instructional material, hamper in their own way the successful handling of English in the classroom. The teaching of English whether for beginners or for the advanced learners has been a challenging pursuit for the teachers of English especially the area that cover the acquisition of four skills of language – Listening, Speaking, Reading and Writing. Proper training of teachers is of great importance in improving the quality of English education. We need to understand the ethos, culture and the present Indian situation so as to have an effective methodology of developing a second language in our learners. One needs to...
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...Correlation of English Proficiency between Academic Performances in Selected Bachelor of Science in Hotel and Restaurant Management Students in Laguna State Polytechnic University Los Baños – Campus Submitted to the Faculty, College of Hospitality Management and Tourism, Laguna State Polytecnic University Los Baños Campus, Los Baños, Laguna In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for Methods of Research Samantha L. Banasihan Mark L. Banasihan CHAPTER I THE PROBLEM AND ITS BACKGROUND Introduction The importance of English language for enhancing educational attainment through improved communication ability can never be over emphasized. Students who have so much difficulties with their communication skill in English language may not function effectively, not only in English language but in their academic and this is no reason than the fact that English language in Philippines today is the language of text-books and the language of instruction in schools. When English Language proficiency is high, it will definitely affect and improve the academic performance of such students. Nevertheless, where the proficiency in English is lacking in any academic setting, it will definitely lower the academic performance of such students. The competency in English significantly determines performances in intelligence or academic tests. The explanation above seem to suggest that mastery of English language is very importance even in students’ academic performances...
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...taken from the five teachers of English Department at Aligarh Muslim University. In the interview, the author inquired their attitudes towards culture teaching, perceptions of the present methodology and the present state of culture teaching. The interview...
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...to integrate it into their daily experiences and future actions. The benefits of the reflective learning process are usually accumulated over a period of time, in which the students usually show a series of developmental changes, personal growth and changes in perspectives during the process. 2.journal-journal is an academic magazine published on a regular schedule. It contains articles written by experts in a particular field of study, based on research or analysis that the author, or authors, did. That research might include case studies in the medical field, primary source research in the field of history, or literature analysis. Journal articles are written for experts or students of that particular field who have an advanced field-specific vocabulary and knowledge. A personal record of occurrences, experiences, and reflections kept on a regular basis; a diary. 3.Audio recording-is an electrical or mechanical inscription and re-creation of sound waves, such as spoken voice, singing, instrumental music, or sound effects. 4.Video taping-A relatively wide magnetic tape used to record visual images and associated sound for subsequent playback or broadcasting. 5.Sociometric techniques- are methods that qualitatively measure aspects of...
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...Subject: Advanced Teaching Methodology Instructor: Dr. Nguyen Thu Huong Student: Nguyen Le Ba Tong Class: TESOL 13B REFLECTION PAPER That ‘teaching is simply the process of transferring knowledge from teachers to students’ is what I used to think. However, since I started studying Advanced Teaching Methodology, my point of view has changed dramatically. The course has provided me with valuable knowledge which not only broadens my horizons but also help me develops my own professional competence. This paper will focus on some main points of the course including theories about learners’ characteristics and influences of the setting as well as important pedagogical approaches and techniques, and demonstrate how they help to shape my teaching style. The very first lesson in the course was about learners’ characteristics. Lightbown and Spada (2006) have mentioned some factors such as ‘intelligence, aptitude, learning style, personality, motivation, attitudes, identity, beliefs and age’ which may affect the language learning ability and the teaching process. Talking about ‘intelligence’ and ‘aptitude’, they explained that individuals have different strengths and weaknesses. Therefore, a method which is effective in teaching a group of learners may prove to be ineffective when applied to another. Learning vocabulary by memorizing, for instance, seems to be suitable for ones who have good memory but not for those who lack this ability. Learners also have different learning ‘styles’...
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...Introduction The theme of the course paper is “Project Work in Teaching English”. The objectives of the paper are to highlight the importance of project work in teaching English, to describe its main peculiarities and types, to discover how it influences the students during the educational process and if it helps to learn the language. The problem of using project work in teaching English is of great importance. Project work is characterized as one of the most effective methods of teaching and learning a foreign language through research and communication, different types of this method allow us to use it in all the spheres of the educational process. It involves multi-skill activities which focus on a theme of interest rather than of specific language tasks and helps the students to develop their imagination and creativity. Nevertheless, teachers are not keen on the idea of providing project work into their lessons because of the disadvantages this method has. The main idea of project work is considered to be based on teaching students through research activities and stimulating their personal interest. The research topic of the course paper is the process of teaching and learning a foreign language with the help of project work. The research focus of the paper is the content of project work activities. The research tasks are set as follows: to describe the principal characteristics of project work, to identify the types of projects and to analyse...
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...Content Introduction 1. Comparative Teaching Methodologies 1.1 Grammar Translation Method 1.2 Direct Method 1.3 Audio-Lingual Method 1.4 Silent Way 1.5 Total Physical Response (TPR) Community Language Learning (CLL) 1.6 Suggestopedia (Suggestology) 1.7 Communicative Approach 1.8 Natural Approach 1.9 Emotional-semantic method 2. Theoretical aspect of effective methods of teaching 2.1 The bases of teaching a foreign language 2.2 Effective ways and techniques of teaching a foreign language 2.2.1 Constructivist teaching strategies 2.2.2 Communicative Teaching Method 2.2.3 Using project method in teaching a foreign language 2.2.4 The method of debates 2.2.5 Games 2.2.6 Role plays as a method of teaching 2.3 Methodological principles of modern methods of teaching 2.4 Practical aspect of ways of teaching 3. Comparative characteristics of modern techniques of teaching English 3.1 Features of techniques 3.1.1 Communicative method 3.1.2 Project methodology 3.1.3 Intensive method 3.1.4 Activity Based method 3.2 Similarities of methods 3.3 Positive and negative aspects of techniques Conclusion Bibliography Appendix Introduction Language teaching came into its own as a profession in the last century. Central to this process was the emergence of the concept of methods of language teaching. The method concept in language teaching—the notion of a systematic set of teaching practices based on a particular theory of language and language learning—is a...
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...EFL/ESL contexts is presented, emphasizing the benefits of this type of input for students' English language learning and skills development. Practical advice is then offered to teachers worldwide on ways to encourage learners to engage in a focused and motivating reading program with the potential to lead students along a path to independence and resourcefulness in their reading and language learning. ------------------------------------------------- Introduction: The Reading Program An extensive reading program was established at the British Council Language Center in Sanaa, Yemen. An elementary level class of government employees (age range 17-42) was exposed to a regime of graded readers, which was integrated into normal classroom teaching. Students followed a class reader, had access to a class library of graded readers, and had classes in the British Council library, which gave them access to a collection of 2000 titles. Questionnaires were used to examine students' reading interests, habits and attitudes, both prior to, and following the program. The class library contained 141 titles in the published readers of some major publishers (see inventory of titles in Bell, 1994). Familiar titles (e.g. popular Arab folk tales) were selected for both the class readers and the class library, so as to motivate the students to read. These titles proved very popular, as did the practice of reading aloud to the class. Students' reading was carefully monitored; formal and informal...
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... 4 1.2 How important is vocabulary? 7 1.3 How is vocabulary learned? 8 1.4 How words are remembered? 10 1.5 Why do we forget words? 15 1.6 What makes a word difficult? 16 1.7 Psychological and linguistic factors which determine the process of T.V. 17 II Practical part 2.1 Techniques of teaching 19 2.2 Stages on Teaching English Vocabulary 23 2.3 Ideas for teaching vocabulary 23 2.4 Plan of a lesson 27 Conclusion 32 List of literature 33 Introduction Teaching English vocabulary is important. Just as important as teaching grammar and pronunciation. I still meet...
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...three major inter-related elements in the process of present day education. Hutchinson, 1994 cited in (Evaluating an EFL textbook - A new English Course) states that, “The textbook is an almost universal element of ELT teaching”. Therefore, a textbook can be mentioned as a useful instrument which serves as a guide or an instructional manual for studying a particular subject. Against the common belief that students are the key in this direction, many scholars hold the view that textbooks are the heart of education with regard to the fact that both teachers and students are to a large extent dependent on the books (Sarem, S. N., Hamidi, H., Mahmoudie, R., 2013).Therefore, it is clear that a textbook facilitates the teaching and learning process and thus, is helpful both for the teacher and the students. Textbooks are compiled and developed because they are the most convenient means of providing the structure that the teaching-learning system requires. Textbooks are a good solution to overcome the weaknesses in teaching materials. Ansary and Babaii (2002) cited in (An Evaluation of English Language Textbook 'Say it in English' for first year intermediate Grade in South Arabia, 2012) state that, “Although the textbook is not the only tool for the teaching and learning process, it is still of a significant impact for achieving the language learning objectives. Since teachers find it difficult to develop their own classroom materials, have limited time and lie under external...
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...Teaching and Learning of Reading Skill at BUBT: A study on the BBA (I st Semester) Students An MA in ELT Dissertation by Sl | Name | Id | 1 | Ms. Mazeda Khanam | 12133302019 | 2 | Ms. Nurani Fatema Sormi | 12133302010 | 3 | Ms.Sinthia Tina Biawas | 12133302009 | 4 | Md. Rokon Mia | 12133302006 | Session: 2013-2014 16th Intake Semester-Summer-2014 A Dissertation Submitted to Department of English Bangladesh University of Business & Technology, in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the Degree of MA in English Language Teaching (ELT) SUPERVISOR Md. Mohoshin Reza, Assistant Professor & Chairman, Department of English Bangladesh University of Business & Technology, BUBT January, 2015 Declaration We do hereby declare that the dissertation entitled “ Teaching and Learning of Reading Skill at BUBT: A Study on the BBA (1st Semester) Students” submitted to the Department of English of BUBT, in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the Degree of MA in English Language Teaching,(ELT) is our original work. Neither the whole nor any part of it was submitted to any other university or institute for any other degree or diploma. Our indebtedness to other works has been duly acknowledged at the relevant places...
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...Derivatives and Asset Management Vak: Empirical Finance Vak: Research Project Finance Vak: Financial Markets and Institutions Vak: Private Equity and Behavioral Corporate Finance for Finance Vak: Financial Risk Management (Quantitative Finance) Vak: Real Estate Management Vak: Adv Corporate Finance 4.1 Vak: Valuation and Corporate Governance for Finance Vak: Institutional Investments and ALM for Finance 1 2 3 3 4 6 7 9 10 11 12 13 14 14 Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam - Fac. der Economische Wet. en Bedrijfsk. - M Finance - 2012-2013 II Institutional Investments and ALM Course code Credits Language of tuition Faculty Coordinator Teaching staff Teaching method(s) E_FIN_IIALM () 6.0 English Fac. der Economische Wet. en Bedrijfsk. prof. dr. C.G.E. Boender prof. dr. C.G.E. Boender, prof. dr. T.B.M. Steenkamp Lecture Course objective Achieve advanced knowledge of the investment process of institutional investors, like pension funds and insurers. The main objective is to fully understand the most important theoretical concepts in the institutional investment process and the way these concepts are used in practice. After following the course, you: - Have a good oversight and thorough understanding of the theory of strategic asset allocation (SAA). - Have insight in the way the theory of strategic asset allocation is (or not) implemented by institutional investors. - Have insight in the way the most important inputs for SAA, VaR models and assumptions for expected returns and risks...
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...Contents INTRODUCTION 3 Chapter One 5 Methods of Teaching Foreign Language 5 Chapter Two 8 Teaching Vocabulary 8 Textbook analysis……………………………………………………………………………………………………………….....................20 CONCLUSION ...22 INTRODUCTION It seems almost impossible to overstate the power of words; they literally have changed and will continue to change the course of world history. Perhaps the greatest tools we can give students for succeeding, not only in their education but more generally in life, is a large, rich vocabulary and the skills for using those words. Our ability to function in today’s complex social and economic world is mightily affected by our language skills and word knowledge. Words are the primary building blocks of effective communication. Although gestures and facial expressions work well in face-to-face communication, words carry the weight of meaning when people are removed from each other in distance and time.The linguist David Wilkins summed up the importance of vocabulary in this way:”Without grammar very little can be conveyed, without vocabulary nothing can be conveyed”. His view is echoed from a course book (Dellar H and Hocking D, Innovations, LTP):”If you spend most of your time studying grammar, your English will not improve very much. You will see most improvement if you learn more words and expressions. You can say very little with grammar, but you can say almost anything with words!” ...
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