...Analysis of Indian Developmental Projects in Afghanistan and its impact on Pakistan THEME * Pakistan and Afghanistan are generally labeled as inseparable states due to their historical, religious, cultural, linguistic, trade and ethnic linkages. However, history of bilateral relations between Kabul and Islamabad reveals turbulence. The main reasons for this rocky relationship are the issues related to the Durand Line, the idea of a greater Pakhtunistan, the 1980’s Soviet War, the rise of the Taliban, post 9/11 war, and India’s rising influence in Afghanistan. Through multi-sectoral long-term development projects, apparently carving socio-economic space through application of soft power, India ultimately aims at enhancing its regional relevance to extract politico-economic benefits, while correspondingly constricting contemporary space for Pakistan. Indian sponsored / assisted projects in Afghanistan indicate their character to be more of anti-Pakistan than pro-Afghanistan. Development of road Zaranj-Delaram off sets Afghanistan’s over dependence on Pakistan for transit trade, through offering ground link to Iranian Port Chahbhar. Similarly, Indian offer to build water reservoirs on river Kabul can be termed as extension of her water war against Pakistan. It has implications for Pakistan on its economic, defense and foreign policy fronts. Apropos, carry out a detailed analysis of Indian sponsored / assisted projects directly or indirectly influencing Pakistan and recommend...
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...Crisis in America How it has affected our Military! Yolanda Vaughters MSL 5200 Crisis Communication Since the year 2000, the United States of America had been hit with some major crisis that seriously affected the military. The attack on September 11, 2001, has changed the lives of people around the world especially our military in which thousands of lives has been lost or affected by the War on Terrorism. The terrorist attack on September 11, 2001 that hit the Twin Towers of the World Trade Center in New York, the Department of Defense (Pentagon) in Arlington, Virginia, and Shanksville, Pennsylvania led to the Global War on Terrorism. The Global War on Terrorism and the invading into Iraq for weapons of mass destruction led to a major change in the military. The United States military have been fighting two wars for the last decade: Operation Enduring Freedom in Afghanistan and Operation Iraqi Freedom in Iraq. On September 11, 2001 around 8:45 Tower 1 was hit by American Airlines, Flight 11 out of Boston, Massachusetts and United Airlines, Flight 175 hit Tower 2 at exactly 9:03 which both buildings collapsed. (Giuliani 2002) The location of where the Towers collapse became to be known as Ground Zero. Over thousands of police officers, fire men, volunteers, and the National Guard patrol the streets of New York helping with the recovery. That day as a result of this evil attack on the United...
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...States, which cultivated Pakistan for combating terrorism and ensuring peace and stability in the post-Taliban Afghanistan. Its strategic relevance has varied over time which had implications for Pakistan's role at the international level and the foreign policy options available to its policy makers. This briefing paper examines the changing patterns of Pakistan's foreign policy and how its position and role in international and regional politics has varied over time. Pakistan recognizes that it is neither possible nor advisable to stay in isolation in the present day interdependent and complex international system. It needs to interact with other states, international and regional organizations and supranational actors in order to protect and promote its national interests and sovereign identity. Its activism reflects a realization that such a policy facilities the mobilization of International support and resources for its domestic socio-economic development, helps to regulate the inputs from the external environment into the internal context, and contributes to strengthening security and territorial integrity which are the principal concerns of Pakistan's foreign policy. The major focus of Pakistan's foreign policy is security against external and internal challenges to its national identity, territorial integrity and independence. PAKISTAN FOREIGN POLICY WITH AFGHANISTAN, USA AND INDIA A SHORT ANALYSIS The early years of independence were dominated by Pakistan's problems...
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...The Story of Afghanistan Abstract The Islamic Republic of Afghanistan, in the third world is one of the poorest countries of about only 29,928,987 in population. It consists of Sunni Muslim 80%, Shiite Muslim 19%, and some select others 1%. There are also many different tribes and ethnicity’s in Afghanistan in which the major ethnicities are Pashtun 42%, Tajik 27%, Hazara 9%, Uzbek 9%, the Nuristani 2%, and other minor ethnic groups (Chahar Aimaks, Turkmen, Baloch). Dari and Pashtun are the official languages of Afghanistan and after the US troops began occupation, English is the next major language in Afghanistan. The capital of Afghanistan is Kabul and the president is Hamid Karzai. (US Department of State, 2010) In this part of the term paper the topic is going to focus on the Economic development, history, the people of Afghanistan, the urbanization of the country, geography, agriculture, and even a little about the impact of war on Afghanistan. The topic will start from the introduction of Afghanistan and discussing the impact of different factors faced by Afghanistan, the main issue related to Afghanistan, the poverty alleviation and the opium is also one of the major issues of the country. (Department of the Army, 2010) The current basic economy of Afghanistan is currently on US and allied country aids, the opium production, some gas and petroleum, gemstones and other resources. The people of Afghanistan are experts in carpets, crafting...
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...We take advantage of the amount of water we have by using it for unnecessary things. Most people are oblivious to the water crisis or just don’t care. We use water for things like aquariums, water parks, and for maintaining golf courses, while there are people out there who struggle to just take a bath. About half a billion people live in countries where the water is scarce and by 2025 it is estimated to increase to three billion because of the increasing population, which is expected to be 9 billion by then (Hanjra, 2010). Using up 50 billion gallons of water every year for golf courses alone, recreational things account for a lot of wasted water (Kaufman, 2009). Golf courses aren’t the only recreational activity that waste water, but they are certainly a major one, which is why there are different ways to help conserve water (Kaufman, 2009). The average golf course uses up a lot of water in order to keep the fairways nice and green (Getchell, 2000). Water is not only used to grow the turf, but after the turf is grown there is still very large water consumption (Getchell, 2000). But in places more harsh, like the Joshua Tree National Park in southern California, golf courses would require much more water (Himot, 2003). In this environment, the stream beds are usually dry, the average annual rainfall is slightly over four inches, and there are very few waterholes (Himot, 2003). Although the conditions aren’t perfect for a water conserving golf course, a private developer has...
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...University of Phoenix GEO-150 Introduction Perceptions about a country, either correct or incorrect, are easy to obtain by watching television or by picking up a newspaper. Within this paper, the writer will provide her perceptions of several different counties: India, Pakistan, Afghanistan and Morocco. In addition to the writer’s perceptions of the country, the writer will review specific facts to see if the perceptions are warranted or are false. Local and Foreign Newspapers Within the News website, they categorize their stories to fall within local news, state and regional news, national news and world news. These are categorized by where the story is taking place. Within its website, the highest proportion of news coverage is set primarily on national and world news. This proportion is roughly at 75% for world and national news, 15% for state and regional news and 10% on local news. While the website provides the reader with the local news at the top of the page, there are a great deal more of national and world news highlights that also include the latest Associated Press headlines. Within the international news articles there are five stories that take place in India, Pakistan, and Afghanistan. Within the on-line German Newspaper, Spiegel, there is almost a 50-50 ratio between national and international news. This website does not categorize by in-country and international but weaves the information throughout the home-page of its website. Within their international...
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...territory is extremely important. The Soviet administration was the most important governing body for more than 70 years (1918-1991). The boundaries of modern independent states was clearly identified in this period. The composition of the economic regions of the USSR changed in line with the objectives of improving the management and planning of the economy in order to accelerate and improve the efficiency of social production. It means that the economy of one particular division was narrow directed. For instance, Uzbekistan became the main supplier of cotton in the region. It leaded to the reformation of the irrigation system of Central Asia and great expansion of irrigation canals. As a consequence of short-sighted politics in relations of water, the Aral Sea had experienced numbers of serious problems that are not resolved even till now . Kazakhstan also became a victim of politically repressive Soviet regime with its flour specialization. The economies was severely affected by the collapse of the Soviet Union and the resulting loss of their vast market. However, the Soviet period has also some advantages in the life of Central Asian countries. The realization of the road and railway infrastructure project started its existence when five states were the parts of the USSR. In spite of the fact that the ethnic diversity was disregarded during the Soviet period, the education had big importance and was raised on the higher level. Moreover, as the boundaries of the countries were...
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...Public Disclosure Authorized April 2013 Afghanistan Economic Update Public Disclosure Authorized Public Disclosure Authorized Public Disclosure Authorized 77083 Photo by Graham Crouch Poverty Reduction, and Economic Management, South Asia Region The World Bank 1|Page Summary One year into the transition process, Afghanistan sustains robust economic growth. An exceptional harvest, supported by the launch of first large-scale mining activities, increased real GDP growth from 7.3 percent to an estimated 11.8 percent in 2012. Inflation dropped to 6.4 percent and continuing high levels of aid helped to build up further international reserves. So far, transition manifests itself predominantly in a loss of business confidence, reflected in lower private sector activity and a depreciating exchange rate. This compounds the already sluggish recovery of the banking sector from the Kabul Bank crisis which hit the country in 2010. Trends in public finance deserve attention: more onbudget aid poses challenges the Government’s capacity to execute an increasing budget. Growth of domestic revenues is slowing due to lower performance in the collection of customs revenues. The medium-term outlook is tainted by uncertainty. Political and security uncertainties are expected to limit private-sector growth in the coming years. Increased public spending, however, will continue to fuel demand for services and construction through 2013. Mining should contribute...
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...pragmatic facets like geography and history have always imprinted the demographical mosaic and development of a civilisation. The civilisations have always developed along the waters. The waters have been used as trade route since long and the modern trade has further enhanced the need of trade through waters. Pakistan being a gateway to the strategically important 'Strait Of Hurmoz' in the Indian Ocean, blessed with hidden treasures and bordering two Islamic Republics, Afghanistan and Iran, has always been a centre piece for Regional Politics. The emergence of Gwadar Port as a vibrant regional economic hub has caused the regional and extra regional powers to develop strategic and infra structural development with Gwadar Port to reach the energy rich Central Asian Republics (CARs). Iran and Dubai Port World (UAE) have interests to keep Gwadar Port out of competition as it serves as a gateway to Strait of Hurmoz. Pakistan needs to be addressing all the concerns to make Gwadar as a regional energy corridor. Key Words: Strategic, Gwadar, Sea lines of communications, Caspian region, Indian ocean Geo Strategic Importance “If we see this whole region, it is like a funnel. The top of the funnel is this wide area of Central Asia and also China's western region. And this funnel gets narrowed on through Afghanistan and Pakistan and the end of this funnel is Gwadar port. So this funnel, futuristically, is the economic funnel of this whole region” (Former President of Pakistan Pervaz Musharraf...
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...to escape war and poverty travel on poorly equipped boats across dangerous waters to places such as Italy and Greece in order to reach safety often knowing they will be detained if they are caught or drown if the boats they are in sink. During the crisis of displaced Jewish people, they used boats to make it illegally into Palestine in search of better lives, like now many of the ships were stopped by the British and the passengers were sent back to displaced people camps. The United Nations High commissioner Filippo Grandi states in the New York Times article by Rick Gladstone in reference to the high total of displaced people that “By any measure this an unacceptable number, and it speaks louder than ever to the need of solidarity and common purpose in preventing and resolving crises, and ensuring together that the world's refugees, internally displaced and asylum seekers are properly protected and cared for while solutions are pursued.” In today's modern world it is almost inconceivable that we cannot seem to find closure to conflicts that are resulting in millions of displaced people every year. In the aftermath of World War II world leaders in an effort to ensure that a global crisis such as that war could help be prevented. The creation of the United Nations helped deal with the then large amount of displaced people and refugees throughout Europe and Asia. With today's humanitarian crisis of displaced people the United Nations has largely failed along with states...
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...www.thevision21.org BALOCHISTAN Problems and Solutions Vision 21 is a Pakistan based Non‐Profit, Non‐Party Socio‐Political organisation. We work through research and advocacy for developing and improving Human Capital, by focusing on Poverty and Misery Alleviation, Rights Awareness, Human Dignity, Women empowerment and Justice as a right and obligation. Vision21 is a registered Non‐Profit organization under section 42 of Companies Ordinance 1982 Any part of this publication can be used or cited with clear reference to Vision21 By Vision21 Foundation Website: http://www.thevision21.org/ Blog: http://awaam.wordpress.com g p p Phone: 92‐51‐250 5030 Fax: 92‐51‐550 1288 Email: info@thevision21.org BALOCHISTAN PROBLEMS AND SOLUTIONS CONTENTS Preface • Introduction • British Era and Sandeman System • Since 1947 Since 1947 • Reasons for the conflict • Provincial Autonomy & Ethnic Culture • Resource Exploitation • Deprivation and Lack of Development lag • Government’s Neglect Government s Neglect • Role of Sardars • Religious Extremism • External Factors and Geo Politics • History of the conflicts • The Current Insurgency and Baloch Nationalism The Current Insurgency and Baloch • Insurgency and ‘Geo‐Politics of Energy Resources’ • Insurgent Groups in Balochistan • Settlers issue & current situation in Balochistan • Pakhtun Factor • Liberation and Viability: Is independent Balochistan viable? y p • Possible consequences for independent Balochistan and divided ...
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...“Two days ago, I met this young man from Afghanistan in ‘The Jungle*’. He is 23 years old. His journey started 8 months ago. However, he got stuck in this refugee camp for 2 months so far, he traveled 11 countries alone. He already experienced countless traumatic situations. When he was in Bulgaria, he ended up in the prison for 20 days. When he reached France, he assumed it's going to be much easier to enter England. His attempts of sneaking into a lorry, or holding on to a train never succeeded. Once he spent 50 hours hiding in the train station, waiting for a chance to jump in, but he was chased by the French police, he hid in the bushes and slept under some random bridge. Finally, the police found him, beat him up, sent the dogs on...
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...Water Wars There can be no life on Earth without water. It is indispensable for human health and well-being, for food production, and economic activities. But despite its importance, water is rarely considered as a resource in the same way as others, for example oil. Water covers more than two thirds of our planet, so to many it may seem like there is more than enough, and in most parts of the world its availability is taken for granted. However, freshwater, what we drink, bath in, and irrigate our land with, is extremely scarce. Only around 3% of the world’s water is fresh water, and about two-thirds of that is contained by glaciers, rendering it not readily available for human use. Agriculture uses more water than any other source and wastes much of it due to inefficiencies. Today more than a billion people around the globe lack access to fresh water and many of the world’s water systems have become stressed. In addition, rivers, lakes, and aquifers are becoming too polluted to use, climate change is altering weather patterns, resulting in shortages, droughts and floods. The world’s population is rapidly increasing, and at the current consumption rate the situation will only get worse. So without improved and more effective management, the availability of fresh water will more than likely not keep up with demand. It is estimated that by 2025, two-thirds of the world’s population may face water shortages. Issues related to water scarcity can obstruct the ability of nations...
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...Let Us Not hopeless About Pakistan By saria sajjad Pakistan has remained in the throe of a perennial multi-faceted crisis. But let us not despair about its destiny and a glorious future ahead. Pakistan a nascent state has remained caught in myriad problems ever since it came into being on August 14, 1947. These problems are both internal and external. A new nation under an inept and self-seeking leadership remained lost and distracted from its course of moving forward to progress, prosperity, and stability. Pakistan’s dilemma is that its leadership that created and struggled for Pakistan did not live long enough to set the parameters that could have transformed it into a vibrant and viable state. In the modern times, Pakistan and India’s emergence as two independence states is a unique phenomenon that has few parallels in the history. Both the sub-continental states were the result of a sustained movement for independence kept in high gear by Muslim and Hindu leaders. For a variety of undeniable factors and divergent dynamics, these two communities could not opt to live together in one united state. Immediately after partition of the British India; Pakistan was beset with refugees’ problem and the settlement of the incoming immigrants from the territories that became part of India. This country fell into the hands of the nasty bureaucrats who were averse to making a constitution and embarking Pakistan upon a democratic course. The intriguing politicians, whose predominant...
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...Moving Forward (2011) 9. The Money Fix (2009) 10. The Wikileaks Documentary (2010) 11. Owned & Operated (2012) 12. Overdose: The Next Financial Crisis (2010) 13. Apologies of an Economic Hitman (2010) 14. The Beautiful Truth (2008) 15. The Awakening (2011) 16. What Would It Look Like? (2009) 17. The World According to Monsanto (2008) 18. Esoteric Agenda (2008) 19. Making a Killing: The Untold Story of Psychotropic Drugging (2008) 20. College Conspiracy Scam in USA (2011) 21. The Indigo Evolution (2005) 22. Edible City: Grow the Revolution (2012) 23. Collapse (2009) 24. The Global Brain (1983) 25. The White Hole in Time (1993) 26. The Primacy of Consciousness (2011) 27. Fuel (2008) 28. Power of Community: How Cuba Survived Peak Oil Crisis (2006) 29. What a Way to Go: Life at the End of Empire (2007) 30. Resonance: Beings of Frequency (2012) 31. War by Other Means (1992) 32. Endgame (2007) 33. War Made Easy (2007) 34. The War on Democracy (2007) 35. Rise Like Lions: The Occupy Wall Street Documentary (2011) 36. Propaganda (2012) 37. The Secret of Oz (2009) 38. The One Percent (2006) 39. The Shock Doctrine (2009) 40. Iran Is Not the Problem (2008) 41. PsyWar: The Real Battlefield Is the Mind (2010) 42. Vaccine Nation (2008) 43. Psychiatry: An Industry of Death (2006) 44. Flow: For the Love of Water (2008) 45. Kymatica (2009) 46. Pots,...
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