...students’ understanding of basic microeconomic concepts and theories in order to equip them with the basic conceptual abilities and skills in economic problem solving. The theories will include the basic economic problem, supply and demand analysis, consumer behaviour, market structure, production and cost and market failure. LEARNING OBJECTIVES: The aims of this course are to enable students to: Apply basic theoretical microeconomic models as a framework for understanding the real world problems. Establish the ability to communicate ideas pertaining to the basic microeconomic concepts, theories and events effectively, both verbally and in writing. LEARNING OUTCOMES: Successful students will be able to: Explain the core economic problems such as the scarcities and choices. Explain how economic problems can be reduced by improving the use of available resources and by using the concept of opportunity cost. Explain how equilibrium prices and goods are determined by using demand and supply curves analysis. Explain the behavior of individual firms towards maximizing profits (minimizing costs) in a perfectly competitive or monopoly market in determining the optimal production of goods and services and optimal price level. Calculate the necessary production costs to determine the profit maximizing output for different types of market. COURSE FORMAT: Instructional/lecture: 3 hours per week, tutorial: 1 hour per week. Total Student Learning Time (SLT) (L = Lecture;...
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...Post-Graduate Diploma in Management Managerial Economics Course Owner: Sadananda Prusty, Ph. D Name of Faculty Members to Teach this Course (To be mentioned after final course allocation) Institute of Management Technology Ghaziabad Course Background and Learning Objectives: “Economics is a study of mankind in the ordinary business of life.” So wrote Alfred Marshall, the great nineteenth-century economist, in his textbook, Principles of Economics. Although we have learned much about the economy since Marshall’s time, this definition of economics is as true today as it was in 1890, when the first edition of his text was published. In recent years, there are many questions about the economy that might spark any one’s curiosity. Why are apartments so hard to find in Mumbai City? Why do airlines charge less for a round-trip ticket? Why executive class airfare is costlier than economic class? Why are jobs easy to find in some years and hard to find in others? Why a package tour costs less as compared to individual booking of air ticket and hotel? Moreover, as one go about his/her life, he/she make many economic decisions. During student carrier one has to decide how many years to stay in school. After joining in a job, one has to decide how much of his/her income to spend, how much to save, and how to invest his/her savings. When running a small business or a large corporation, and one will decide...
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...DURATION DEPARTMENT COURSE LEVEL RESOURCE PERSON OFFICE HOURS E-MAIL 3 17 weeks Finance and Business Economics Division Core Prof. Taimoor Qureshi By Appointment taimoor.qureshi@ucp.edu.pk COURSE DESCRIPTION Principles of Microeconomics is an introductory course that teaches the fundamentals of microeconomics. This course introduces microeconomic concepts and analysis, supply and demand analysis, theories of the firm and individual behavior, competition and monopoly, and welfare economics. Students will also be introduced to the use of microeconomic applications to address problems in current economic policy throughout the semester. COURSE OBJECTIVES After studying this course the students should be able to: Understand the basic concepts of the subject. Understand the application of the tools of demand and supply for efficient resource allocation and profit maximization. Identify core economic issues related to business firms. Comprehend the benefits of market efficiency. GRADING PLAN TYPE Quizzes Assignments Final Projects Midterm examination Final term examination Total PERCENTAGE (%) 10 10 10 30 40 100 CALENDER OF ACTIVITIES WEEK 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 CONTENTS TASKS/ACTIVITIES Introduction to Economics • Basic Concepts – I Class Introduction Introduction to Economics • Basic Concepts – II Utility Assignment 1 Due Demand Supply Quiz 1 Markets - I Markets - II ...
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...economy we live in; and an appreciation of the methods of study used by the economist, and of the most effective ways economic data may be analysed, correlated, discussed and presented. Course Objectives: Demonstrate knowledge and understanding of the specified content; Interpret economic information presented in verbal, numerical or graphical form; Explain and analyse economic issues and arguments, using relevant economic concepts, theories and information; Evaluate economic information, arguments, proposals and policies, taking into consideration relevant information and theory, and distinguishing facts from hypothetical statements and value judgements; and Organise, present and communicate economic ideas and informed judgements in a clear, logical and appropriate form. Course Assessment: Course work worth 30% (2 assignments and 1 in-class test) Final exam 70% Students must get 40% of the coursework before they can sit for the examination. Page 1 of 6 Course Outline WEEK LECTURE (Two Hours) 1 (2 Hrs) CONTENT...
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...Equimarginal Principle to determine how a consumer would divide up her spending among different consumer goods. That worked pretty well, and so some other economists, especially the American economist John Bates Clark, tried using the same approach in the theory of the firm. Following the Neoclassical approach, we will interpret "rational decisions to supply goods and services" to mean decisions that maximize -- something! What does a supplier maximize? The operations of the firm will, of course, depend on its objectives. One objective that all three kinds of firms share is profits, and it seems that profits are the primary objective in most cases. We will follow the neoclassical tradition by assuming that firms aim at maximizing their profits. There are two reasons for this assumption. First, despite the growing importance of nonprofit organizations and the frequent calls for corporate social responsibility, profits still seem to be the most important single objective of producers in our market economy. Thus it is the right place to start. Second, a good deal of the controversy in the reasonable dialog of economics has centered on the implications of...
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...Deliverable: Week 2 Emily Gumataotao, Pamela Hernandez, Mark Sanschargrin, Terra Stefan ECO/561 February 10, 2014 Peter Oburu Cost Concepts – Pure Competition; Demand for Resources; Identify Production Level to Maximize Profits (Chapters 9, 12) Topics comfortable Team member Terra felt comfortable with the purely competitive concepts. She felt they came natural for her because she has been in the retail business for over 20 years. Team member Mark felt comfortable with learning the topic of the Four Basic Market Models consisting of the Pure Competition, Monopolistic Competition, Oligopoly, and Pure Monopoly structures. Team member Pamela felt comfortable with the definition of purely competitive concepts and how they relate to a certain type of industry for example agriculture. Team member Emily felt comfortable with the idea of pure competition and the fact that each market no matter how big or small is purely competitive. Topics struggled Team member Mark struggled with the two methods to determine the level of profit maximization, the Total Revenue Total Cost approach as well as the Marginal Revenue Marginal Cost approach. The MR=MC rule seemed unclear in that the more marginal revenue should overcome the costs in all ranges of production. The topic became a little clearer with the cost and revenue curve simulation. Team member Pamela struggled with the charts and few real life examples to better understand the concepts of economics...
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...Ahmedabad PGDM 2015-17: Program Structure Semester-1 Semester-2 Semester-3 Semester-4 Course credit Course credit Course credit Language Skills @ Written Analysis & Communication @ Soft skills II @ Employability Skills @ IT & MIS 2 Soft skills I @ Computing skills 2 Social Media Marketing @ 2 Legal Aspects of Business 2 Business Strategy 3 Management Control Systems 3 Micro Economics 3 Macro Economics 3 Business Environment 3 Business Ethics & Corporate Governance 2 Quantitative Methods-1 3 Business Research Methods 3 Quantitative Methods-2 3 Core Elective-1 3 Core Elective1 3 Core Elective-2 3 Core Elective2 3 Elective-1 3 Elective-1 3 Elective-2 3 Elective-2 3 Grand Project-1 3 Grand Project-2 3 Principles of Management Basic Building Blocks Autumn Break Executive Skills Organisational Behavior Human Resources Management 3 Marketing Management 1 3 Marketing Management -2 3 Understanding Financial Statements 3 Financial Mgt 3 Operation Management Management Domain 3 3 Basics of Business Planning 2 Electives Credits Autumn Break credit SUMMER INTERNSHIP Course S 1 22 S 2 24 Total Credits 2 8 S 3 21 S 4 20 95 Index Sr.No Subject ...
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...this material is hereby acknowledged. Module 1 1. INTRODUCTION: 1. Economics: Science of Scarcity, Choice and Efficiency. • Scarcity of resources ( Choice. • Scarcity of resources ( Efficiency. Question: How to organize the system which promotes the most efficient use of resources? 2. Economics combines the rigour of science and poetry of humanities: Elaborate. 3. Three Fundamental Choice Problems of Economic Systems: • What commodities shall be produced and in what quantities? • How shall these commodities be produced? • For whom shall these commodities be produced? 4. Micro and Macro Economics: • Micro Economics: Concerned with the behaviour of individual economic units and their interactions – consumers and producers/business firms. ← Major type of interactions in the market: Between Buyers and Sellers: ← Three major components of Microeconomics: ← Product pricing ← Input (Factor) pricing ← Welfare economics ← Major uses of Microeconomics: ← Provides basic tools of economic analysis for application in special areas like Managerial Economics, Industrial Economics etc. ← Helps in understanding how the economic units operate, and whether they operate efficiently or not. ← Helps in making conditional prediction/forecasting. • Macro Economics: ← Study of aggregates:...
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...decisions that maximize firm profits, they simultaneously maximize shareholder wealth and promote efficient allocation of resources. Managers drift away from this objective when they concentrate on their own security. To avoid non-profit maximizing behavior, a growing number of firms are structuring compensation plans for managers that promote long-term profitability. Shareholder Wealth Maximization 1. To align the interests of the shareholders of Salomon Smith Barney with the interests of its chairman, most of the chairman's compensation is based on the performance of the company relative to its five major competitors. 2. Executive compensation is based on Salomon' return on equity and return on equity of their competitors. The bonus can be as large as $24 million. Managerial Economics and Economic Theory 1. Managerial Economics deals with applications of microeconomics. It is useful for making business decisions concerning pricing, production, cost analysis, market structure, and strategy. 2. Honda and Toyota both expanded capacity to produce cars in the US. The decision is either to expand (S1) or not expand (S2). Both firms believe that the capacity expansion was profitable. 3. Steps in decision making include: Establish and identify objectives, define the problem, find possible alternative solutions, select the best solution, and implement that choice. The Role of Profits 1. Economic profit is the difference between...
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...minimized subject to a set of constraints. • find feasible solutions for maximization and minimization linear programming problems using the graphical method of solution. • solve maximization linear programming problems using the simplex method. • construct the Dual of a linear programming problem. • solve minimization linear programming problems by maximizing their Dual. 0.1.2 Introduction One of the major applications of linear algebra involving systems of linear equations is in finding the maximum or minimum of some quantity, such as profit or cost. In mathematics the process of finding an extreme value (maximum or minimum) of a quantity (normally called a function) is known as optimization . Linear programming (LP) is a branch of Mathematics which deals with modeling a decision problem and subsequently solving it by mathematical techniques. The problem is presented in a form of a linear function which is to be optimized (i.e maximized or minimized) subject to a set of linear constraints. The function to be optimized is known as the objective function . Linear programming finds many uses in the business and industry, where a decision maker may want to utilize limited available resources in the best possible manner. The limited resources may include material, money, manpower, space and time. Linear Programming provides various methods of solving such problems. In this unit, we present the basic concepts of linear programming problems, their formulation and methods of solution...
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...Hall, 2012 Unit # 1: Overview and Introduction to Quantitative Analysis Prescribed Text: Quantitative Analysis for Management by Render, Stair and Hanna, 11th edition, Prentice Hall, 2012 – Chapter 1 Objectives of unit 1: After completing this unit, students should be able to: 1. Describe the quantitative analysis approach for management 2. Demonstrate an understanding by applications of quantitative analysis in real world situations 3. Demonstrate the use of modeling in quantitative analysis 4. Use computers and spreadsheet models to perform quantitative analysis 5. Understand the limitations of quantitative analysis 6. Demonstrate/perform break-even analysis. Scope of coverage: Concepts Development 1. Overview of quantitative analysis 2. Defining quantitative analysis 3. The approach to quantitative analysis 4. A quantitative analysis model 5. Using spreadsheet for quantitative analysis 6. Limitation of quantitative analysis Introduction Quantitative analysis for decision-making is the application of a scientific approach to solve management problems. The purpose is to help managers make better decisions. Quantitative analysis encompasses a number of mathematically oriented techniques that have either been developed within the field of management science or adapted from other disciplines such as natural sciences, mathematics, statistics and engineering. This course...
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...This page intentionally left blank Managerial Economics Managerial economics, meaning the application of economic methods in the managerial decision-making process, is a fundamental part of any business or management course. This textbook covers all the main aspects of managerial economics: the theory of the firm; demand theory and estimation; production and cost theory and estimation; market structure and pricing; game theory; investment analysis and government policy. It includes numerous and extensive case studies, as well as review questions and problem-solving sections at the end of each chapter. Nick Wilkinson adopts a user-friendly problem-solving approach which takes the reader in gradual steps from simple problems through increasingly difficult material to complex case studies, providing an understanding of how the relevant principles can be applied to real-life situations involving managerial decision-making. This book will be invaluable to business and economics students at both undergraduate and graduate levels who have a basic training in calculus and quantitative methods. N I C K W I L K I N S O N is Associate Professor in Economics at Richmond, The American International University in London. He has taught business and economics in various international institutions in the UK and USA, as well as working in business management in both countries. Cambridge, New York, Melbourne, Madrid, Cape Town, Singapore, São Paulo Cambridge...
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...Table of Contents I. Introduction 2 II. Customer portfolio concept 3 2.1 Concept of customer portfolio and its application in company 3 2.1.1 Customer Lifetime Value (CLV) 3 2.1.2 Market segmentation 4 2.1.3 Sales forecasting methods 5 2.1.4 Activity based costing 6 2.2 Customer portfolio application of “CDNow” 6 2.3. Concept application for e-tailer companies 8 III. Conclusion 10 References 11 Introduction In business, customers are always considered as the basis of a company’s profitability (Gupta et al., 2004; Hogan et al., 2002; Rappaport, 1998; Wayland and Cole, 1994). It leads to a customer – centric view in practice in general as well as in marketing in particular. According to Rust et al., (2005), the limited resources allocated efficiently for maximizing value requires a relationship – oriented customers and strong, long – lasting customer retention. Focusing on current customers is the right strategy, especially offering a positive lifetime profitability relationship when acquiring new customers is more expensive than retaining existing ones (Morgan and Hunt, 1994; Reichheld and Teal, 1996; Bitran & Mondschein, 1997). However, there is not only lifetime profitability relationship, but also different treatments of customers in marketing tools are advisable. Determining the right strategic balance between acquisition...
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...to Accounting Practice Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education Canada Instructor’s Manual—Chapter 1 LEARNING OBJECTIVES AND SUGGESTED TEACHING APPROACHES 1. The Broad Outline of the Book I use Figure 1.1 as a template to describe the broad outline of the book and course. Since the students typically have not had a chance to read Chapter 1 in the first course session, I stick fairly closely to the chapter material. The major points I discuss are: • Accounting in an ideal setting. Here, present-value-based accounting is natural. I go over the ideal conditions needed for such a basis of accounting to be feasible, but do not go into much detail because this topic is covered in greater depth in Chapter 2. • An introduction to the concept of information asymmetry and resulting problems of adverse selection and moral hazard. These problems are basic to the book and I feel it is desirable for the students to have a “first go” at them at this point. I concentrate on the intuition underlying the two problems. For example, I illustrate adverse selection by asking them who would be first in line to purchase life insurance if there was no medical examination, or what...
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...This page intentionally left blank R E V I S E D T H I R T E E N T H E D I T I O N AN INTRODUCTION TO MANAGEMENT SCIENCE QUANTITATIVE APPROACHES TO DECISION MAKING David R. Anderson University of Cincinnati Dennis J. Sweeney University of Cincinnati Thomas A. Williams Rochester Institute of Technology Jeffrey D. Camm University of Cincinnati Kipp Martin University of Chicago Australia • Brazil • Japan • Korea • Mexico • Singapore • Spain • United Kingdom • United States This is an electronic version of the print textbook. Due to electronic rights restrictions, some third party content may be suppressed. Editorial review has deemed that any suppressed content does not materially affect the overall learning experience. The publisher reserves the right to remove content from this title at any time if subsequent rights restrictions require it. For valuable information on pricing, previous editions, changes to current editions, and alternate formats, please visit www.cengage.com/highered to search by ISBN#, author, title, or keyword for materials in your areas of interest. An Introduction to Management Science: Quantitative Approaches to Decision Making, Revised Thirteenth Edition David R. Anderson, Dennis J. Sweeney, Thomas A. Williams, Jeffrey D. Camm, & Kipp Martin VP/Editorial Director: Jack W. Calhoun Publisher: Joe Sabatino Senior Acquisitions Editor: Charles McCormick, Jr. Developmental Editor: Maggie Kubale Editorial Assistant:...
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