...Introduction of the Case This case presents a company, known as Westminster and currently considered as one of the biggest manufacturer of health products. It consist of three separate companies, in which each of them manufactures their own and unique products, with a decentralized management that allows for an overall outside view of what is for best the future of this enterprise. Top managerial personnel is currently re-evaluating and assessing the company’s supply chain and how they could develop a strategies that would facilitate revamping such system. Main Discussion Points The new three alternatives being evaluated by Westminster’s CEO Wilson Mckee and his staff would reduce the cost on transfers and freight cost. By utilizing POS data transfer based on customer’s consumption the company will not have the need to forecast what are the products most commonly purchased, therefore eliminating the need to maintain big inventories. They will also have the opportunity to concentrate their efforts in manufacturing the right products to replenish inventories based on numbers and not so much forecasting what will be needed. These strategies will allow Westminster to eliminate the unnecessary production of goods and it will enable them to consolidate the cost of systems since there will be the need for less facilities to be maintained. The consolidation of warehouses will eliminate the need for multiple transfers before a product could be delivered to its customers. It will...
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...University of Westminster Westminster Business School BMKT 510.1: Developing Practical Entrepreneurial Ideas Coursework 1: Opportunity Scrapbook Student Name: Kaniel Kalarikkal Student ID number: W15142771 Module Leader and Team Coach Name: Jane Chang Word Count: 837 Date: 04/11/2015 As a facilitator or a middleman business between textile companies, we aim to help connect buyers and sellers of surplus or waste materials used in manufacturing their product. We would do this by first looking to get large manufacturing companies since they are most likely to have excess raw material stock. At first we would look to deal with mainly the textile industry and then would look to expand to various other materials thus expanding the scope of our target market. The objective of my company would be to help textile manufacturing companies find suitable buyers and sellers for surplus or waste textile materials. These supplies are just left in storage, disposed of, or the enterprises must themselves go out to find suitable purchasers. Instead of these manufacturers actually spending any of their time or resources, we would be helping them find buyers. The term for this sort of market is “Industrial Symbiosis”. What this means is an association between two or more industrial facilities or companies in which the wastes or by-products of one become the raw materials for another (Wrap.org.uk, 2015). The potential market we would be...
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...NONE, ONE OR SEVERAL? PERSPECTIVES ON THE UK’S CONSTITUTION(S) DAVID FELDMAN* An inaugural lecture is the occasion when the University of Cambridge can look its gift horse in the mouth, weighing the new professor in the balance against his or her distinguished predecessors. The Rouse Ball Professorship of English Law has been held in the past by a long series of distinguished scholars, from Sir Percy Winfield to my immediate predecessor, Sir Jack Beatson whom we are delighted to welcome back today. Their work has influenced generations of lawyers. They certainly influenced me. Before I encountered Criminal Law: The General Part,1 a great little volume by Professor Glanville Williams, Learning the Law, was my ‘Guide, Philosopher and Friend’ (as it still says on the cover of the latest edition, now edited by my colleague Professor Tony Smith)2 as I approached the study of law. Another Rouse Ball Professor, the late Sir William Wade, had a formative effect on my understanding of land law and administrative law both through his famous books, Megarry and Wade on the Law of Real Property (now edited by a former Fellow of Downing College, Dr. Charles Harpum)3 and Administrative Law (now in the hands of my colleague Dr. Christopher Forsyth),4 not to mention the lectures that I attended as an undergraduate in (softly be it said) the University of Oxford. Two wonderfully stimulating and enjoyable books by the Emeritus Rouse Ball Professor and * Rouse Ball Professor of English Law in...
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...GOVERNMENT AND POLITICS AS LEVEL UNIT TWO GOVERNING THE UK “Never, never, never give up” Winston S Churchill 1874-1965 1 GOVERNING THE UK 50% of AS [25% of A2] UNIT TWO SAMPLE QUESTION Answer one question from Section A and one question from Section B in 80 minutes. Spend 40 minutes on Section A and 40 minutes on Section B SECTION A QUESTION ONE PRIME MINISTERIAL POWER “For too long the big political decisions in this country have been made in the wrong place. They are not made around the Cabinet table where they should be, but they are taken on the sofa in Tony Blair’s office. No notes are kept and no one takes the blame when things go wrong. That arrogant style of government must come to an end. I will restore the proper process of government. I want to be Prime Minister of this country not a President (Source: David Cameron, The Times, 5th October 2006) “The Cabinet is the committee at the centre of the British political system. Every Thursday during Parliament, Secretaries of State from all departments as well as other ministers meet in the Cabinet Room in Downing Street to discuss the big issues of the day. The Prime Minister chairs the meeting, selects its members and also recommends their appointment as ministers to the monarch. The present Cabinet has 23 members (21 MPs and two peers). The secretary of the Cabinet is responsible for preparing records of its discussions and decisions”. (Source: From a modern textbook) (a) What...
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...University of Westminster Westminster Business School Module code and title: BBUS401.1 Perspectives On Organizations Essay on “What is stress at work? Set out the main causes of stress at work and explain why it can have serious effects on individuals and organizations.” Student Name: Ahmed Muhud Seminar leader name: Donna Kamal Word Count: 1636/ 1800 (+/- 10%) Date: 11.12.2012 To begin with, Hans Selye was first to define the term stress, “as a non specific response of the body to any demand made upon it”(cited in Jones, 2011, p. 90). According to Health and Safety Executive (HSE) stress is defined as an “as a harmful reaction that people have to undue pressures and demands placed on them at work”. The origin of stress can be split into two parts: physical and behavioral manifestations (Speaking Book). Sickness, tiredness, cerebral pains, muscle pressure, noise, night shifts and monotonous tasks these are all part of the physical side effects. The behavioral symptoms are nervousness, emotions of disappointment, negative thoughts, time pressure, poor decision-making, steady changes of the mood, and separation from the world and individuals (BMJ, 1996). Since 2001/02 new instances of sick wellbeing have dropped, reaching a low of 452 000 in 2011/12 (Health and Safety statistics, 2014). In 2012/13 no ill information was gathered however in 2013/14 the quantity of new cases expanded to 535 000, a comparative level to that in 2009/10 (Health and Safety...
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...Assess the view that since 2007 the Assembly has been successful in holding the Executive Committee to account In Northern Ireland, holding the Government to account is one of Parliament’s main functions. The Assembly forces the Executive to justify bills, explain their motives and defend their actions; essentially through many mechanisms of scrutiny, that is Committees, Question Time and Debates. The main scrutiny instruments in the Assembly are the Statutory Committees. They hold the Executive to account through their wide-ranging scrutiny powers, mainly holding inquiries, scrutinising budget and by scrutinising legislation. Statutory Committees, as well as committees in general, are the engine room of the Northern Ireland Assembly. Statutory Committees hold inquiries into topical issues then report with recommendations and/or suggested solutions or alternatives back to the minister in question. Committees carrying out such scrutiny would convene and work with experts and stakeholders in the specified area surrounding the matter at stake, assisting the committee with their knowledge and understanding of the topical issue in question to which they can bring forward to the minister a fuller representation of evidence into the inquired issue. Much evidence to those is taken on board by the minister which subsequently leads to the implication good scrutiny. For example, in 2009 the Health Committee published a report on Obesity. 22 out of the 24 recommendations made were accepted...
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...politician who governs a constituent state. In countries the heads of the constitutive states, provinces, communities and regions may be titled Governor, although this is less common in parliamentary systems such as in some European nations and many of their former colonies, which use titles such as President of the Regional Council in France and Minister-President in Germany, where in some states there are governorates (German: Regierungsbezirke) as sub-state administrative regions. Other countries using different titles for sub-national units include Spain and Switzerland. The title also lies, historically, to executive officials acting as representatives of a chartered company which has been granted exercise of sovereignty in a colonial area, such as the British HEIC or the Dutch VOC. These companies operate as a major state within a state with its own armed forces. There can also be non-political governors: high ranking officials in private or similar governance such as commercial and non-profit management, styled governor(s), who simply govern an institution, such as a corporation or a bank. For example, in the United Kingdom and other Commonwealth countries there are prison governors ("warden" in the United States), school governors and bank governors. The Role of a Governor is different with respect to different Constitutions. In case of the Republic Nations, the role of the Governor may have different connotations. The role is generally classified into two sub roles...
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...Discuss the view that fixed date elections for the House of Commons are a good idea (30 marks) On 15th September 2011, the Fixed Term Parliament Act was given royal assent. Under the provisions of the Act, parliamentary elections must be held every five years. Previously the Prime Minister had the power to call a general election whenever he/she wanted, as long as there was at least one every five years. This act has numerous advantages, including electoral fairness, prevention of needless speculation and greater stability. However there are also many disadvantages, such as benefits to the government of the day, longer campaigns and prolonged terms. The major criticism of the traditional system of flexible-term elections is that they gave the prime minister a significant and unfair advantage at election time. This is because the PM could dissolve Parliament to call an election at a time that is most favourable to their own party, as indicated by polling trends, as done so by Tony Blair in 2001. Fixed date elections remove the element of surprise for the opposition, since all parties know when the election will be held, and not just the Prime Minister and the governing party. Furthermore, fixed date elections prevents the media from speculating and stops the diversion of serious business in government. This leads to more stability in the government, politically and economically. The government tends to lose direction in regard to policies and the implementation of programmes...
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...Somebody said that: all laws in Australia are made by the Federal Parliament. However, this statement is not true. The reason for this becomes clear in the next section. The source of law making in Australia divided into two descriptions: common law and Acts of Parliament which declared by courts and parliament respectively. The Australian legal system is based on the English legal system and is known as a common law legal system. Common law in known as precedent, case-law and judge-made law. At the same time, laws made by parliament are called Acts of Parliament, statutes, or legislation. Parliament also delegates the power to make certain laws to other bodies such as government departments and local councils. These bodies are called delegated bodies or subordinate authorities and the laws they make are called delegated or subordinate legislation. In making laws, the role of the federal/state parliament is very important. Firstly, the proposed law must be put into the form of statute by the office of the parliamentary counsel. The proposed law is called bill when they are in draft form. Secondly, the bill must be passed by a majority in both houses of parliament. During this section, there will be a lot of discussion and debate and various amendments will be proposed. Along this way, bills can be initiated in either house of parliament. They are very necessary steps in making laws. In fact, not only the federal/state parliament has important roles, but also common law...
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...M4 – Development Process Meetings If the policy is needed and the idea is good it becomes subject to a great deal of discussion in governmental meetings such as cabinet meetings and parliamentary committees and subcommittees. If the idea is still considered to be worthwhile after these discussions then the procedure becomes more formal – the idea is put into a green paper. Green Paper A green paper is a document about a proposed change in the law which is distributed to interested parties to gather their views on the change and open up a period of consultation and debate. This debate might take the form of public meetings, specialist consultation meetings or open enquiries. White Paper These contain a set of formal proposals on the new law or policy. White papers are the drafts of what will become known as bills in later stages of development. Representation from outside government Ways in which the new public policy can be influenced from outside government include: • Letters to MPs • seeing an MP in their surgery • taking into account the views of the opposition. Bills All potential statutes begin life as a bill. A bill is a proposal for a piece of legislation. There are three kinds: • Public bill • Private bill • Private members bill. Public bill A public bill is usually a proposal for a large piece of legislation which will affect the whole country. They are created by the government currently in power. They are sometimes preceded by a green paper which...
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...of the member states of the EU, which could cause a lot of problems if they make a wrong decision since they would have a large uproar on their hands. ▪ Central government, The central government is the main layer of government that operates across the whole of the country; the central government is always located in the centre of the country in that country’s capital city and it handles very specific responsibilities that no other group or government can carry out. Some of these responsibilities include signing treaties or certain types of agreements with other nations, making up laws (which would affect the whole country), defending their nation, distribution of the police forces, etc. Our central government is based in Westminster in London. London contains the most important political institutions for the Government, ‘The House of Lords’ and ‘The House of Commons’,...
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...CONSIDERATION IN MARKING [pic] To what extent is the prime minister first among equals? This essay will compare the prime ministerial styles of Thatcher and Blair and compare presidential styles to collective cabinet government. It explains what can happen when a prime minister has too much power and is more than just first among equals. It concludes that in recent years the prime minster has exerted too much power and is ignoring his cabinet. By the 1830s the Westminster system of what we now as cabinet government emerged. The head of the government is the prime minister. Leech et al define the prime minister as: “A head of government whose power normally derives in Britain from leadership of the largest party in the legislature, more exceptionally from the enjoyment of the confidence of a cross –party parliamentary majority. The prime minister is not head of state” (p.191, 2011), UK Politics is devised from a constitutional monarchy: the monarch is the head of state. Leech et al (2011) further state that Sir Robert Walpole (1721-1742), holds this claim as he was the first Lord of the Treasury. In 1905 it was given royal warrant thus giving it legal status (Schaffer, 2011). The key aspect of the prime minister’s power is defined as someone who gives leadership and represents the nation at home but also abroad (Leech et al, 2011, p. 193). The prime minister also steers the government by directing government policies and strategies and by chairing the cabinet. Prime ministers...
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...How well does the House of Commons carry out its functions?(40) The House of Commons is the lower chamber of the legislature, and it is composed of 650 members of parliament (MP’s) who are voted by the constituencies electorate. Its main functions are representation, scrutiny and be legitimate. I believe it carries out these functions very well. Holding the government to account (scrutiny) is arguably, the most important function of the lower house. Scrutiny is carried out by 3 main methods; Prime Ministerial Questions (PMQ), Opposition days and Departmental Select Committees. PMQ’S occur every Wednesday afternoon; and they enable ministers from the current government and also the opposition to post questions to the Prime minister; they aim to scrutinise the works of government and see how effective it is. Departmental select committees are groups that examine the expenditure, administration and policy of the individual government. There are 19 committees, each one representing their expertise. Most committees have a chair who is seen as having notable knowledge and understanding on the specific area, for example Ed Smith CBE for health committee. They do research into the policies made, and then pose questions and thoughts to the ministers, and scrutinise them. Opposition days, whereby they have 20 each session (year), are another method, whereby they can determine the agenda of the day (Labour is the opposition now). Furthermore, the most important feature of holding...
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...Evaluate Whether the Westminster Model System of Government Adopted by English Speaking Caribbean Countries Accommodates Corruption as a Way of Governance. The Westminster System is a democratic system of government modelled after that of the United Kingdom, as used in the Palace of Westminster, the location of the UK parliament. The system is a series of conventions and procedures for operating a legislature. Between 1962 and 1983, the majority of Britain’s Caribbean colonies gained independence. Yet while the colonial power had formally departed, it left in place political institutions and norms based on Britain’s Westminster model of government. The essential features of the system are: The Government is chosen by the democratically elected lower house. The government requires the continuing support of a majority of members of that chamber to stay in office. The head of government is the Prime Minister, who leads a Cabinetwhich is responsible to the lower house. A loyal Opposition exists, led by the leader of the party or parties with the second largest number of seats in the lower house. A constitutional monarch, if one exists, who is “above politics” and acts on the advice of the prime minister. There is a career public service which impartially serves the government of the day. The armed services are outside of politics and act on the instructions of the government. The rule of law prevails, with an independent judiciary, subject to the Constitution...
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...for each of the questions below on a separate sheet of paper A) Explain the term political leaders B) Outline the different roles performed by the annual party conference held by the major UK parties C) Discuss the view that modern British Prime Ministers are not too strong, but too weak Planning how to write A* Government and Politics Questions and Answers Your first task is to write the indicative content for each of the questions below on a separate sheet of paper A) Explain the term Prime Ministers Questions B) Identify and explain two reasons why the Prime Minister’s power to influence policy making is limited C) “The House of Commons is too dominant within the Westminster Parliament” Discuss Planning how to write A* Government and Politics Questions and Answers Your first task is to write the indicative content for each of the questions below on a separate sheet of paper A) Explain the term Cabinet reshuffle B) Explain why recent reforms can be said to have made the House of Lords more legitimate C) “Individual party members have little or no power within the main UK political parties” Assess the accuracy of this view...
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