...Sadly hate crimes like this one have been increasing over time in America since 9/11. The rise of hate crimes towards Muslims is mainly caused by Islamophobia. Islamophobia is the irrational fear, discrimination, or hatred of Islam and its followers and can be rooted so deep into people's minds, many may not know they have it. Islamophobia does not just appear from nowhere, It is caused by people unwilling to...
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...even they don’t care about the rules at all. This action of breaking rules or laws is called crime. Nowadays, the reported cases of crime all over the world are alarmingly increasing. It is believed that the main reason behind this is the rise in population which will lead to unemployment. The crime can be reduced with the involvement of the government to the society. Firstly, I would like to state that the population of a country will be the first and foremost reason behind this increase in crime. Take Indonesia for instance, it is a developing country and in the prevailing scenario its population is sharply increasing, which creates a significant number of problems. With respects to that, unemployment is the major one, because of that, educated and sophisticated people survive without jobs and result in indulge in the crime to bear their expenses. To combat this grave problem, governments can arrange educational classes and programs to increase public awareness about the adverse effects of the increase in population. If the increase rate of population decrease, there will be less unemployment which will of course decrease the number of crimes. Eventually, after analyzing all the views, I would like to conclude that crime in any way is a major problem for any country. It needs a combined effort by governments and masses of any country to join hands together to fight against crime. Otherwise it is expected that it could be worsen in near...
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...Frequent surveys of the subject of mental illness and crime appear to show a strong link between mental illness/abnormality and criminality. However, crime is neither a mental disorder nor is it necessarily evidence of such a disorder. The concept of crime and of mental illness should be kept separate and distinct. Crime is a violation of the criminal law, whereas mental illness refers to behaviour that is often marked by some defect of reason that interferes with an individual’s ability to test reality, and which is usually associtaed with stress, disability and an increased risk of suffering. While it is true that some crime can undoubtedly be explained by mental illness, to consider all crime as a manifestation of such an illness would eliminate any sensible boundaries to the concept of mental illness and would be an unrealistic overstatement of the relationship between mental illness and crime. Mental illness is linked with criminality only in a very complex and ill defined way and the behaviour of mentally ill offenders is rarely explicable purely because of their mental state. There are a number of observations that have been made that necessarily complicate the question of whether there is any causal link between mental illness and crime. Firstly, in many cases, it is impossible to determine when the mental illness may have started in the patient. For example, the mental illness may come about as a direct result of the traumatic experience of imprisonment and in such...
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...To what extent would Sociologists agree that lack of opportunity causes people to commit crime? In this essay I will be discussing this question, ‘To what extent would Sociologists agree that lack of opportunity causes people to commit crime?’. Lack of opportunity can be a vital reason why many individuals may commit crime. What is meant by the term ‘ lack of opportunity’ is that some individuals may not have things such as; an education, a sustainable home, a job etc. By not having an education some individuals may have not received qualifications needed to get a job, and by not being able to get a job means not being able to earn money. This can lead to an individual committing crime as they need to find a way of earning a living. In addition by not having a sustainable home either in the past or the present can draw a person into crime. This may be because by not having a sustainable home they may get moved around regularly, and by getting moved around regularly it may cause difficulties in the area of education and work. This may be because they could get moved quite far away from their previous home just after they have started to settle in into the area and by getting moved it may well mean they might need to find a new school or a new job. In some circumstances it might be a little difficult to find an employer who will take you on, meaning you could be left without a job and like I had already mentioned you may resort to crime to earn a living. In addition...
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...are to take a position on what you believe is the root cause of crime today in society. We know there can be numerous causes; however you as the learner must decide, based on theories we covered in class, which theory in your opinion best describes the root causes of crime in society. So, ensure your paper addresses the following: What you believe is the root cause of crime in America and why? Select a theory the correlates to the cause of crime Argue why the theory you selected is the most applicable theory Discuss why critics would not accept your theory and what theory they might suggest is the root cause of crime in America. I believe the root cause of crime in society today is hard determinism and soft determinism. Hard determinism is the belief that crime results from forces beyond the control of the individual. Soft determinism is the belief that human behavior is the result of choices and decisions made within a context of situational constraints and opportunities. Soft determinism is because most criminals are a product of their environment. The criminal groups are the ones up around a lot of crime and illegal acts. The criminal grows up into that type of environment and accept the criminal way of life. Either the people turn to being a career criminal to survive financially or a gang related criminal to feel loved and like they belong to something. Then society that the criminal is in, they have lots of opportunity to commit crimes that are very tempting. Also...
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...The Cause of Aggressive Crime 1 RUNNING HEAD: The Cause of Aggressive Crime The Cause of Aggressive Crime Mark Maldonado Grantham University The Cause of Aggressive Crime 2 Being in Law Enforcement there is no doubt I have seen my share of crime that goes on in society. I would like to say that I do have a personal view on the cause of violent crime. For me I would say it would have to be the way you are raised, the people you associate with and if you are in a home that is associated with crime. When I say a home associated with crime, I mean is there drugs being sold from the home, is there drug us going on in the home, domestic violence etc. In my opinion I believe that one of the causes of crime is due to the environment that person is exposed to on a daily basis. If that person is always around that kind of environment I believe they will more than likely commit serious criminal acts. For example with these school shootings, I believe that they learned how to handle these weapons from somewhere and the fact that they committed these shootings, the idea had to have come from somewhere. So what I am saying is whether the cause is direct or indirect, I believe that something had to influence the individual to commit the crime. Whether that influence was television, music, a person in their life, what they seen growing up something had an influence...
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...crime This paper focuses on the information about the crimes. Different theories about the criminology are described. Main focus will be on the criminology and its two theories. Criminology is the study of factors about the crimes that lead to its phenomena. This crime may be of individual or social nature. It includes making laws, breaking laws and attempts to break the laws. Criminology focuses on the social, cultural and individual causes of the illegal behavior. Criminology is directly related to sociology and psychology in all disciplines that deal with a group or individual behavior. However an act that is immoral or indecent can be criminal act unless it is not outlawed by the state. Criminology consists of our organized ways of thinking and talking about crime, criminals and crime control (Garland and Sparks, 2000, 192). Personal and neighborhood income are the strongest predictors of violent crime" (cited in "Wasting America's Future (Arloc Sherman, 1994, p88). Demonstrates that glaring social and economic inequalities in our society impose correspondingly high costs in the form of street crime. (John Hagan & Ruth D. Peterson, Crime and Inequality, 1995, Stanford U, p4) Causes of Crimes: Causes of crime may be environmental, hereditary or psychological. Environmental causes are ruled out as independent causes of crimes. But psychological conditions are said to be determinant of an individual’s reaction to persuasive environmental influence. Criminologist...
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...assess the view that the mass media are a major cause of crime and deviance in today’s society. (21 marks) It could be argued that with some issues, the media plays a heavy role in influencing people to commit crime. Interactionist sociologists could argue that the media provide a form of database for imitation/copy cat crimes and from seeing these crimes the public are more likely to do them. In the media people are exposed to various types of crime, mainly violent and sexual and so might feel the want to copy these. For example, the copies of Jack the Ripper, the serial killer named the Zodiac or other serious crimes such as school shootings inspired by coverage of the Columbine shooting in America. Therefore it could be argued that the mass media which exposes these crimes to the population could cause these crimes, as they directly relate the crimes reported on. However it could be argued that these crimes which are reported as copy cat actually occur at a much lesser scale than we think. For instance these school shooings and serial killings do not happen as occasionally as might be thought. Although sociologists might argue that the main source of influence even for the small amount of crimes is the mainstream media which reported on them and exaggerated them in the first place. Meaning that media could be seen as a major cause of some crime in this aspect. Left realists argue that media is a major cause of crime also for the fact that it promotes these ideals of...
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...typical individual that creates hate crimes. It will also give some targets and victims of these hate crimes. It will talk about causes and effects of these hate crimes, and the actions that can be taken to minimize the occurrence of hate crimes. Usually hate crimes are committed by young juvenile men between the ages of 16-25. Most hate crimes are committed by organized groups, but some are committed by individuals (articlesfactory.com/articles/writing/hate-crimes-are-a-tragic-part-of-american-history.html). Hate crime perpetrators are usually prejudiced when it comes to someone’s race, sexual orientation, religion preference, etc... When I think of people that commit hate crimes I think of someone that narrow-minded or full of hatred. There are usually two main types of perpetrators. The first one is people that are under the influence of alcohol, drugs that like to do things for the thrill of it. People that hatred and anger built up things of this nature can manifest and strike up it can lead to a hate crime. The second type is people who are mission motivated ones that are on a mission to rid the world of minorities. These people are also ones that take special instructions and are committed to well thought out organized hate crimes. In both of these situations or in any hate crime the perpetrators usually lack any kind of empathy or respect for others. Generally in their minds they feel that the people that they do this too deserve what they get like it some kind of...
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...Examine how the media causes crime -21 Marks. We live today in a media- saturated society. The media are all around us and crime is the central theme of their output, both fiction and non-fiction. Crime and deviance make up a large percentage of news coverage. For example, Richard Ericson et al’s study of Toronto found that 45-71% of quality press and radio news was about various forms of deviance and its control, while Williams and Dickinson found British newspapers allocate up to 30% of their news space to crime. However, many question whether media causes criminality. There are frequent ways in which the media might possibly cause crime and deviance and this includes the glamorisation of offending. As we have seen, the media overstates the amount of violent and unusual crime, and they exaggerate the threats of certain groups of people becoming its victims, such as young women and the elderly. Hence, there is a concern that the media may be misleading the public’s impression of crime and causing an impractical fear of it. Research evidence to some degree supports the view that there is a link between media use and fear of crime. For example, in the USA, Gerbner et al found that heavy users of television (over four hours a day) had greater levels of fear of crime. However, the existence of such correlations doesn’t verify that media viewing causes fear. For example, it may be that those who are already afraid of going out at night watch more TV just because they stay in more...
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...CAUSES OF CRIME In this modern era, there are a lot of crimes keep happening around the world. Crime is the breaking of rules or laws for which some governing authority can ultimately prescribe a conviction. Crimes that we usually found in newspaper are disappearance of children, serial murders, single homicides, serial rapes, extortions, threats, kidnappings and many more. All these crimes need to be control to ensure our country is in a peaceful condition. However, what are the causes of crimes? Firstly, one of the causes of crime is poor parenting. According to the research by Currie and Tekin (April 2006) which using data from the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent Health, it shows that the child maltreatment are having doubles the probability that an individual engages in many types of crime. According to Bloom (May 2011), parents serve as role models not only through direct interactions with their children but through the examples they set with their attitude and behavior within the family and in the outside world. Parents’ behaviors and attitudes usually will be imitated by their children. Therefore, family care and love are important to reduce the crimes rate Furthermore, lack of education may lead to the crimes. According to a paper from the University of Western Ontario and the University of California, Los Angeles, people that educated are probably less to involve themselves in crimes. They are more patience and also not likely to take risk to commit a crime...
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...considered to be deviance when the actions go against what are considered the norms of the group. Is a group of cannibals in the South American jungle eating fellow human beings considered deviant behavior? Is kissing your loved one in a public place to show affection considered deviant behavior? What about a person laying down a small rug and praying wherever they are at certain times throughout the day. There is no definite answer to the questions previously posed. Deviant behavior is a part of every society, but is it a necessary part of society and what causes it? There are many theories on what may cause deviance, but no single one is correct. This deviant and criminal behavior is what led to the emergence of certain laws, and it is these laws that govern the punishment for the crime. Felony crimes in the United States can range from murder to burglary, both come with penalties of imprisonment. There are four main goals of imprisonment, one of which is rehabilitation. The statistics show that this goal of rehabilitation is not being achieved because inmates being released have a high rate of committing a crime within three years. Is imprisonment the proper punishment for certain crimes? I pose the following questions for discussion: What makes for deviant behavior and what are the theories behind deviance? What type of crimes exist in the United States? What parts of the court and prison system are effective...
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...will only visit the one who has something to be stolen. Hence, the saying expresses a sarcastic wish on the lazy one that ‘may you be so poor that even thieves cannot think of visiting you because you have nothing valuable in your house.’ Inherent within the saying is also the assumption that ‘thieves’ steal because they need something they do not have, i.e. they are poor. It is commonly assumed that there is a direct causal link between poverty and crime. Hardly does a day pass before the highlights in, say, a newspaper, radio or TV, report of crime associated with the poorest areas of any subject society. We are more easily appalled to hear of a burglary in those places where the rich and the well-off live than in the slums, for example. But, is it always true that poverty is an impetus to crime? This paper challenges this assumption by showing how an unclear definition of what we mean by ‘poverty’ and ‘crime’ or ‘criminal activities’ makes it difficult not only to identify crime or a criminal activity but also to prevent it. What, then, can be conceived as a more elaborate definition of poverty? According to the Scottish Poverty Information Unit (as cited in the BBC, 2012), “poverty is defined relative to the standards of living in a society at a specific time. People live in poverty when they are denied an income sufficient for the material needs and when these circumstances exclude them from taking part in activities which are an accepted part of daily life in society.” Certain...
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...Hate Crimes – Cause and Effects AIU Online Abstract This essay will look at motives of an individual and the people that may be targeted by their deviance. What causes an individual to deviate from the norms of society will be discussed along with the effects it has on an individual and members of the community. At last we will look at laws and education that may be useful in minimizing the occurrence of these deviances. Hate Crimes – Cause and Effects Hate crimes it seems are the newest deviances in our social justice vocabulary. Specific hate crime statutes started being passed by state legislatures in the late 80’s following research that showed an escalation of crime that was triggered by prejudice (Hate Crime). Emile Durkheim proposed the structural-functional approach to deviance saying that it is a necessary function to set and affirm our moral boundaries (Macionis, ch. 9, pp 197). But what is a hate crime; do we need a special classification for them and what type of individual would commit these acts? Crimes that are committed due to prejudices of race, religion, gender, sexual orientation, and other reasons are said to be hate motivated. Unfortunately, the federal government and the thirty plus states that have hate crime statutes cannot come together to agree or precisely define its meaning (Hate Crime). This confusion exists because of the first amendment rights to free speech and the difficulty in regulating individual’s beliefs. To find out who the...
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...“Crime is the result of individual behaviour, rather than the product of a socialisation process” Discuss. For decades sociologists from around the world have been debating what factors lead people to commit crime. Some have deduced that individual behaviour is the primary factor while others have concluded that crime is more the product of a socialisation process. In order to understand this contentious issue it is necessary to consider the credibility of a number of theories: physiological, psychological, right realism, Marxism, subculturalism, and left realism. Through the analysis of these theories, a conclusion will then be arrived at as to whether individual behaviour, rather than the socialisation process, is the main cause of crime. Physiological theories focus on the relationship between a person’s biology and crime. Therefore, this theoretical area of study clearly links the individual to crime. Today, a number of criminologists continue to support physiological explanations, even though, historically, many of theories linked to physiology have been disproved. Anne Moir and David Jessel are two such theorists who have proposed a link between biology and crime. They have suggested that a low IQ (which can be inherited) leads to impulsive behaviour, which may in turn lead a person to be more likely to commit crime. Moir and Jessel also claim that there is a link between crime and hormonal differences which make males more aggressive than females and therefore...
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