...Social Changes Through the Decades Showcased Through Fashion Photography Fashion photography started in the late 1800’s and has become one of the most highly respected types of photography in todays’ society. Many people look towards fashion photography as a way to express themselves. This type of photography is showcased all around the world. Fashion photography is a complex process that shows the revolution of social changes through the decades. Fashion photography started in 1839 when photography was first introduced to the world. The earliest ever recorded fashion photography was in 1850 or 1860, for documenting fashion for the Parisian fashion house. Fashion photography is all about capturing what is within the photo from the clothes that...
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...THE TWO-STEP FLOW OF COMMUNICATION A report called The People´s Choice* was made after analysing the process of decision-making during the course of an election campaign in 1940. After the analysis the authors suggested that the flow of mass communications may be less direct than was commonly supposed. Authors of The People Choice proposed the following Hypothesis: Influences deriving from the mass media first reach “opinion leaders” who, in turn, pass on what they read and hear to those of their everyday associates from whom they are influential. And that Hypothesis was called: “THE TWO-STEP FLOW OF COMMNICATION” Authors themselves intrigued by its implications for: • Democratic society: • They say it was better that people were more persuaded by the interaction with other people and that the influence of mass media was less automatic and less potent than had been assumed. • Social theory and communications research: • Hypothesis suggested that the image of modern urban society needed revision: image of the audience as a mass of disconnected individuals hooked up to the media but not to each other. IMPACTS OF THE HYPOTHESIS • The hypothesis in The People´s Choice, however, was not very well documented by empirical data: • The design of the study did not anticipate the importance which interpersonal relations would assume in the analysis of the data. • Interpersonal influence really attracted the attention of many researches of different kind, not just mass media researches:...
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...The 1940’s was basically ruled by World War II, which started on September 1, 1939. The War affected everything about this decade. Men were off fighting, so women had to work in the factories or wherever they could find work in order to support their families. Art and Architecture changed drastically and the radio became a vital piece to American living. Fashion became almost recyclable as new trends became more practical and theatre and film took a wild ride during this outstanding decade. Everything from sports to books were altered due to this war and the events that took place then have shaped the way that we live now. Unemployment rates in 1940 were an overwhelming 8,120,000 but that soon changed by 55% once men went off to war and women got a chance to fill those empty positions. At this time minimum wage was $.43 per hour. First, single women were chosen to work and then in 1943 with mostly all single women employed, married women were allowed to work as well. With women working, it became hard for them to balance both home life and the work world, too. Automobile production began to decline in 1942 and decreased food supplies began in 1943. To try to rehabilitate this food drought, victory gardens were reinstituted and supplied 40% of the vegetables consumed on the home front. With WWII ending in 1945 the US emerged from the war as a world superpower. With all of the men returning home, the baby boom was formed, which is still having repercussions on American society...
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...Historical Fashion Fashion is another form of art showing a way to be creative and a way to express ourselves. This expression can be through the sketching of a design, the creation of the design, or the wearing of the design. No matter how we look at fashion, this particular art is constantly changing right before our eyes. As you watch a person walk down the street and you view their attire, you are doing the same thing walking around an art gallery viewing portraits. You are looking at someone’s passion for design. You are viewing their creation in different mediums. Using different textures in the art of fashion is like using oil or watercolor in painting. with showing the connection between fashion and architecture. The design of clothing can be compared to the designing of a sculpture. The sculpture of human figure such as a King or Pharaoh relates to that time period, or period style, just as a piece of clothing relates to and era or time period. The design of clothing varies from each of these time periods. The “casual” clothing designed in the Middle Ages 800-1200 of the Romanesque Period was of long loose garments. Just as in a vertical line on a painting they stood tall in these long gowns and extended their dress by wearing tall head dresses. The colors they would wear seem to be of a dark, dull nature being mostly of blues, greens, and browns. Both men and women dressed in garments that were almost identical to each other (Hansen...
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...It's the 1940's in the magical far away land of Harlem-- Well, maybe not so magical for eighteen-year-old Marguerite La Bowie. She’s the protagonist of my book "Fish Out of Water". It's a 1066 word count, character-driven picture book written in verse. Meg’s a hopeful jazz age Cinderella who slaves away as a fishmonger working for her big bad uncle Earl because she's too timid to pursue what her heart yearns to do; be a trumpet player. like her hero the great Satchmo himself. Unfortunately, when her animal pals, a dog, three birds and a rat she named Ratt, attempt to help her enter a nightclub contest for a big band leader, her world comes crashing down around her. It's only then that a little magic points the way for this fish out of water...
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...of ‘Globalization’ on fashion with special reference to the impact of Japanese designs on the European scene. The definition of globalisation is quite complex and extremely controversial. However globalization with reference to the fashion industry helps defines the development of what has been termed as „world fashion‟. Preferred garments of young people is quite often the same. A phenomenon made possible by the exploitative mechanisms of globalization. The globalization of clothing manufacture, distribution, retailing online, and the global commodity advertising of both designer and high street brands, has impacted significantly on fashion and the way the industry operates. Alternatively the progress of the fashion industry through globalization can be defined by the political, economical, social, technological and cultural relations between countries. Such relationships within the global fashion industry are questioned to whether or not the globalisation of fashion is becoming beneficial or harmful to developing and developed countries. The fashion industry of today is one of the best examples of the effects of globalisation and its implications. Fashion is now able to take its manufacturing abroad as a result of globalization making it possible for the European fashion industries to produce clothing at increasingly lower prices. This allows the high street prices, or the retail price of fashion to be so low that the consumer, the fashion industry and the media...
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...scientology, or evolutionism, somehow we all came about with the perception of the “perfect” female. Women have always been seen, and portrayed as a sex symbol, and usually the disobedient one. Dating back to B.C and the story of Adam and Eve, Eve was the naked one who bit into the fruit that god told her was forbidden. Why couldn’t it have been Adam that caused such scandal, and was the cause for destruction, and crime in the world, and not Eve? From the believed beginning of time, to present day, women have really only progressed a small amount up the social ladder. Today, women are looked down upon, if they are slightly more over weight then what is considered “normal,” if they are “underweight”, “darker skin color”, too “pale”, “flat chested”, big boned, “thick,” or because of their ethnicities and backgrounds. So what exactly defines the “perfect female?” Is it the girls featured on “Girls Gone Wild” in Cancun, or the half naked models posing for Victoria’s Secret? Or is it the perfectly put together “Miss America” pageant queens? Or is it the Hollywood actresses with billion dollar dresses, and priceless jewelry? Or the well toned, well defined professional team cheerleaders, and dancers we watch? WE, speaking for us “average” women, who often tend to idolize, and carry pieces of all these girls within us, and envy them, for not being able to ever look like one of them…so damn perfect in every single way. These women, among many others all contribute to the foundations...
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...the wartime and even women's capabilities. Everyone knows how the cartoon massively influenced spinach sales but what about the navy propaganda during the war or the representation of gender for the era? 'Popeye: The Sailor Man' was heavy influential in America during the Second World War. Americans felt Popeye was a strong representation of a 'true...
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...Hollywood Revival While the generation of today is more focused on who wore what on the red carpet, some tend to forget the origins of modern fashion and how much of it has evolved from ideas that will soon be a 100 years old. Many actors nowadays neglect the common standard and look towards a unique style they can call their own, whereas many rely on commercial endorsement. Almost all the benchmarks followed by directors, actors and studios alike, come from, as most critics would agree, the golden age of Hollywood. Lasting from the 1920s-1960s, films produced between these years gave true recognition and uniqueness to US cinema. Also known as Classical Hollywood, these years provided the public with a sense of fashion like no other. We...
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...For example, in the 1940s, the Arab media did not educate people of the social consequences of having a big family. In fact, it was taboo to speak about such topics of sex, birth control and family planning. Instead, the more children and wives a man had, the more respected he was in the community. My grandfather had three wives who each had two or three children (a total of 9 children). He was a farmer and considered himself middle class which allowed him to provide a moderate lifestyle for his family. A lifestyle that included the basics services of shelter, electricity, plumbing, food, gas and clothing. He lived in a safe and friendly neighborhood where the men often had social interactions at coffee shops and the mosques to discuss family, religion and social events. The family home was house to all three wives and their children – everyone was of the same Arabic ethnicity. This large family did not have room for any other individuals to live in the household. For the most part, they integrated with other Arabic people and a few Jewish people who lived in the community. My father has a big family as well, but not as big as my grandfather’s. There are six of us. We all lived together: mother, father, and kids. My father, unlike his father, worked for a large manufacturing company where he was a supervisor. He made a decent salary that put him in the middle class of society and allowed him to provide us a comfortable lifestyle for the 1980’s. We had computers...
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...Bugs Bunny has and continues to be a standing favorite all, his popularity spans generations crossing over form one millennia to the next, he is iconically global and can be viewed in many languages in thousands of homes. True to form the creation of this character has spawned within our culture a love for such a character that he has become not only a welcomed spokes person but an undying legend whose roots can possibly be traced back hundreds of years he is everybody’s hero we laugh and cheer when he is victorious and are shocked and somewhat upset when he “loses.” Warner Bros., released his first cartoon over sixty years ago. Since “There have been over 150 Bugs Bunny cartoons, and all but about twelve are still shown rather frequently on television today. Bugs has had a more diverse and accomplished career than many Hollywood actors ever have, and some of the zaniest and funniest performances ever in film history. This did not happen overnight, by any means. Bugs Bunny's cartoons were directed over the years by such creative geniuses as Tex Avery, Chuck Jones, Friz Freleng, Bob Clampett, Robert McKimson, Frank Tashlin, and others, all of whom left their mark in film history with these animated films, and Bugs was only one of the dozens of classic creations these men worked with and created. Also not to be forgotten are the creators of the Warner cartoon soundtrack, Mel Blanc (the voice of Bugs) and musicians Carl Stalling, Milt Franklyn and William Lava” (Hunter). ...
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...of the structure’s modification………4 Alternatives…………………………………...……6 Conclusion………………………………………....8 Introduction For the Lander Ltd it’s important to understand first when during 1927 to now, the company made some majors decisions for the future for the company: In 1927, Lander was weaving cotton cloth. In 1940, the company needed some money for the expansion and subscribed to a new required capital. After the Second World War, during the economic boom, Lander was growing and was already expanded (after the capital requirement in 1940), so they could easily produce and sell more than the competitors because of the new machines. During the early 1950’s the Lander Ltd widened the scope of the company’s activities through both backward and forward integration. The entire production cycle was done by Lander Ltd. The situation of Lander Ltd is today as follow: Lander Ltd sells the products through a network of 46 independent distributors. Another group of customers consisted of some 72 large garment manufacturers who were directly served from the company’s plant. They are not losing money but they are not also making some big wins. In the 1970’s Lander Ltd was at the maturity stage. Now Mr. Lander should do something to re-launch the company. Lander Ltd issues Mr. Lander’s friend told him that he had no marketing organization and that its product line was made up largely by designers and color experts who had very little contact with the housewives or...
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...“icon”. Celebrities' fashion, appearance, and their private lives have affected the general audiences constantly. The cult of the celebrity has been unprecedentedly grown from the past decade, and it has affected the fashion industry, which means a huge shifts within them. Regardless of a fi lm star's success of the star's film, The star still can gain some reputations, and get a potential to earn by function as a fashion icon. However, Celebrities contain fashion designer, fashion journalists, athletes and numerous of them are functioning as fashion icons. The best word to describe this could be personification. Personification refers to assign the qualities of a person to something that isn't human or, in some cases, to something that isn't even alive. In other case, personification can be an imaginary person or creature conceived or fi gured to represent a thing or abstraction in dictionary meaning. The image of a celebrity is uncertain, and audiences only judge them by the roles that they have taken in a tv show or films, or the photographs that they were taken or they have taken, or any articles, and rumors about celebrities. The celebrities, or fashion icon's screen personal was carefully developed by studio. It is unclear which can be “abstract”. Therefore, medias can always craft their identities by their appearance, behavior, lifestyle, and fashion style as well as the title as fashion icon whom evokes the image of fashionable woman who is an expert in fashion style with great...
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...Re-appropriated Fashion Cultural re-appropriation is extremely predominant in society today, especially in regards to fashion. One only needs to wait a couple decades after a trend goes out of style to eventually see its return into the hegemonic world. Many of the clothes in my own closet are derived from an ancestor that held an actual function or symbolism which over time has been recreated into a piece of clothing that is nothing more than a mainstream aesthetic apparel. High-waisted shorts were reintroduced in 2011, and oddly have been embraced by young women all across the nation, despite the previous norm of low-rise denim. Levi brand jeans first manufactured this unique style of short apparel in the early 1940s for women who were working in the fields while the men in their families were at war (Alvaranga 1). The high waist was designed to cover a woman’s midriff while still providing the comfort of wearing shorts in the heat. This functional garment carried into the 1950s as a fashion trend. Now, over 70 years after their inception, high-waisted shorts are designed in a variety of fabrics and styles for all occasions. A more controversial example of re-appropriation in today’s fashion is the use of “tribal” designs. Native Americans are known for their use of feathers, beading, and geometric patterns in their attire. This was first re-appropriated during the hippie movement of the 1960s. Hippies wore clothing from Native traditions as an expression of a generation...
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...Mass Media Nicole Domenichello HUM/186 Erin Di Cesare We have always turned to the media to find out important information in regards to what was going on in the world. Starting out early in the twentieth century with the simplest forms of media, to now extending beyond what anyone could have ever imagined in that time. Mass media has made some major turning points over the last century. Each development in the evolution of mass media has left lasting impressions on the way our society and the world function today. People within our society relied heavily on newspapers and magazines to get their source of information and their fill of current events in the early years of the 1900’s. This was a huge landmark in the early part of the twentieth century because it allowed people to stay up to date on local and national news. Then came the 1940’s, when the world was introduced to the radio. Having the radio available brought people more resourceful information, and current updates on the war. In the 1950’s came the television, and this reached people in the masses, allowing live telecasts of news broadcasts. Having the television was great for society at that point in time, because people embellished the fact that it combined the newspaper and the radio into one. Then came the introduction of the satellite. In 1962, people were able to get information about international news, and this just blew up from there. In...
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