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Which of the Following Was More Important in the Success of the First Crusade: • Muslim Disunity • Strengths of the Crusader Army

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Which of the following was more important in the success of the first crusade: • Muslim disunity • Strengths of the Crusader army

The first crusade’s success came as a surprise following the failure of the Peoples Crusade, this was due to many factors not only Muslim disunity and strengths within the Crusader army but also Byzantine support and Crusader motivation, that weren’t previously factors for the peoples crusade. however it is debatable which is the most important reason for the success, Muslim disunity certainly contributed to the success of the crusaders, however this was only a part of the overall reasons for their victories, as the crusaders themselves had many strengths such as strong leadership. Whilst this is true i think that the overall reason for success was indeed the muslims disunity as they made themselves easy opponents to defeat.

In the years of the crusade there was a divide within the muslims, the Sunni and Shia Muslims hated each other more than they hated the Christian Crusaders. This led to internal problems and wars, and the many leaders that this affected used their armies against each other. This was in itself a distraction from what could have been used as a strong, united Muslim army against the Christian crusaders. This has been recognised by many historians as a big weakness with the Muslims as T. Asbridge says ‘Had the muslims of the near east united in the face of the first crusade it could not possibly have prevailed.’ In 1097 there was a power struggle when Malik Shan and his chief advisor died suddenly within weeks of one another, disputes broke out in the sultans family over who should rule his lands, this left the Muslim world in chaos when the crusaders arrived, meaning they were too distracted to deal first thing with the Crusade. Another reason the Muslims were weak is that they under estimated the crusaders

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