...Spanish-American war, the Philippines, Guam and Porto-Rico are transferred to the USA. 1899: Boer, settler’s rebel against British rule is South Africa. 1900: The boxer rebellion in China against foreign influence. 1901: President Mc Kindy is assassinated by an anarchist. 1906: The British battleship the dreadnaught is launched, naval race with Germany begins. 1907: The triple Entente is formed between Britain, Russia and France. 1908: A commission uncovers abuses and maltreatment of tribe’s people in the Belgian Congo. 1910: Japan annexes Korea. 1914: 28th June: The heir to the Austro-Hungarian is assassinated. 28th July: Austria bombards Belgrade, with the opening shots of WW1. 4th August: All major European powers at war. Political Ideologies: Socialism: • Developed in the 19th century as a result of industrial revolution. • Based on enlightenment assumptions: 1. Mankind was basically good. 2. Problems of society could be remedied. 3. A gov’t owes a duty to its citizens. • Marxism was the most important form of socialism • Means of producing and distributing goods is owned collectively or by a centralized government. Anarchism: • This is a radical form of socialism, developed in the 19th century. • Never very powerful, or popular. • Anarchism is based on three principals; 1. People are born good but corrupted by society. 2. All social institutions must...
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...Chapter 9 – Global Stratification Learning Objectives • Define social stratification and explain why it is sociologically significant. • Describe and provide examples of the four major systems of social stratification. • Discuss the relationship between gender and social stratification. • Describe the major points of disagreement between Karl Marx and Max Weber regarding the meaning of social class in industrialized societies. • As articulated by Kingsley Davis and Wilbert Moore, list the functions that social stratification provides for society. • Discuss Melvin Tumin's rebuttal to Davis and Moore's functionalist view of social stratification. • Explain the conflict perspective's view of social stratification as it relates to class conflict and scarce resources. • Evaluate Gerhard Lenski's attempt to synthesize the functionalist and conflict perspectives' views on social stratification. • Define ideology and understand how elite classes use it to maintain social stratification. • Compare the social stratification system in Great Britain and the former Soviet Union to the social stratification system in the United States. • Identify the major characteristics associated with the Most Industrialized Nations, Industrializing Nations, and Least Industrialized Nations. • Describe and evaluate the major theories pertaining to the origins of and maintenance of global stratification. Chapter Summary Social stratification...
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...ways. The most obvious would be Great Britain declaring war on the Americans due to their attempt at seceding and being their own nation. However, there were other countries involved in the American Revolutionary War as well, especially France. France wanted to aid the Americans for the reason of getting back what was taken from them by the British in 1763. At first, they sent the Americans weaponry, and the first significant victory by the Americans (The Battle of Saratoga) was won primarily using French weapons. Seeing that the Americans were able to win a major battle, the French became formal allies with them and declared war on Great Britain. Eventually, Spain and Holland also sided against the British, which turned the tide of the war to America’s favor (Lewis 381). With the surrender of Lord Cornwallis in 1781, and the Treaty of Paris signed two years later (which recognized the United States as a sovereign nation) , France was given back Quebec and America became their new trade partner and ally. However, despite the war’s successful outcome, France was under overwhelming debt, which forced the monarchy to place a permanent tax throughout the land for all subjects in 1786. This was the beginning of the end of the “Old Regime”, eventually leading to the French Revolution, which was (ironically) inspired by the American Revolution (381, 385). 1. Why did the Industrial Revolution begin in Great Britain? The Industrial Revolution was “the single greatest nineteenth-century...
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...citizens have the rights including “life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness.” America promises equality and freedom and the protection of their rights as outlined in the Declaration of Independence and the Bill of Rights. But with all the rights and freedoms that American citizens enjoy, there is one particular area where the United States seems to be lacking. That area is health care. The United States is the only industrialized nation that doesn’t have some form of legal recognition of a right to health care (Yamin 1157). Health care reform in the United States has become a major controversy for politicians, health care professionals, businesses, and citizens. Those in opposition to reform claim that health care is not a human right, therefore the government should not be involved. Supporters of reform believe that health care is most definitely a human right and should be available to everyone in the United States instead of only those who can afford it, and that it is the government’s responsibility to uphold that right. Out of all the industrialized countries in the world, the United States is the only one that doesn’t have a universal health care plan (Yamin 1157). The current health care system in the United States relies on employer-sponsored insurance programs or purchase of individual insurance plans. Employer-sponsored coverage has dropped from roughly 80 percent in 1982 to a little over 60 percent in 2006 (Kinney 809). The government does provide government-sponsored...
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...“The Great Depression (1929-39) was the deepest and longest-lasting economic downturn in the history of the Western industrialized world” (The Great Depression-History.com 2012). The great depression is said to have begun after the First World War, It was a time of hardship and uncertainty. Although the great depression began in the United States it spread throughout the globe and affected almost every country. It brought about drastic declines in output, severe unemployment, and serious deflation. Many countries such as Britain, Germany and France came out of the war with large debts to pay, this was due to the fact that they had been borrowing from The United States of America, after its entrance into financial crisis the rest of the countries depending on its financing would inevitably enter down turn and face similar crisis. World War 1 also left many industrialized countries weak and in large debts, they needed to finance the rebuilding of their economies and industries that were damaged during the war, this made it harder for them to recover. There are a number of explanations to as what brought about the great depression in 1929. These are structural and monetary weaknesses as well as a number of specific events that enhanced the effects from one country to another and eventually to all major industrialized countries. What Caused the great depression? The depression was also said to have partially started with the crash of the stock market in...
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...establishing political and economic dominance over a territory. Beginning in the late 19th century Imperialism began to remodel the world new way. Countries like France and Britain were some of the first countries to imperialize, France took Algeria and Haiti, while Britain took Egypt, India, South Africa, and Burma. Each country and Individual person had a different reason to imperialize, some for profit, some for religion, and some because of A white man's privilege. In the 19th century, when imperialism began the industrial revolution was in full swing. In order to feed this new efficient method of manufacturing, countries needed huge amounts of cheap...
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...Study Guide For Final Examination 1. Examine the process and the transition from the more traditional "putting-out" system to the rise of the factory system. What would be the economic and social implications of this change? (Class notes and Bentley & Ziegler, chapter 29) World population was growing, so there was a demand for more finished products. Before the factories, products were produced out of people’s homes and the process took a lot of time. The factories opened and centralized the materials (and people making the products) getting made to one place. The rise of factories came about with new technologies and new machines. Entrepreneurs worked with scientists (engineers) to make machines to mass produce the goods. Started with the textile industry (imported from India and then British government banned the imports of textiles from India and then the demand became greater) because the demand for textiles was not being met with the “putting out” system. Spinning machines made thread and then the flying shuttle would weave to make cloth. Social implications included opening of schools – even for women on a positive side and as a negative side, it led to overcrowding in the cities (which led to theft and prostitution), unemployment (people traveled to the cities to work in the factories and there weren’t enough jobs to go around), health concerns (sanitation and pollution) and child labor. Economic implications would include the rise of the two different classes –...
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...Gin Slavery was becoming less and less profitable in the South prior to 1793. One reason was because cotton was not a profitable crop for farmers because preparing it for sale was so labor intensive. Eli Whitney's cotton gin turned cotton into a profitable crop and raised the demand of slaves in the South to grow it. This coincided with the North becoming a more industrialized region that didn't need to depend on slaves. 1819 Missouri Compromise The Missouri Compromise was brokered by Senator Henry Clay to settle the dispute between the North and the South about if the Western territories would be slave or free. Under the terms of the Compromise, slavery would only be allowed in Missouri and south of the 36th parallel. The need for the Missouri Compromise illustrates how the North and the South were beginning to hold very different views on how allowable slavery was to the nation. Bitter feelings about the compromise persisted in both the North and the South. 1828 The Nullification Crisis The Nullification Crisis grew out of a protective tariff of 1828. The tariff was popular with the Northern states, because it provided protection for American made goods. Southern states traded heavily with Great Britain during this time, and felt it would damage their economies. With the support of Vice-President John C. Calhoun, South Carolina passed the Ordinance of Nullification. It stated South Carolina did not have to abide by the tariff, because the tariff was unconstitutional...
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...In today’s industrialized society working conditions are quite secure as most professions that require physical labor are provided with correct safety equipment and guidelines. However, this was not the case during the 1800’s in which the great event known as the Industrial Revolution occurred and the safety and welfare of employees was not even a priority in most establishments. Many of the industries in Great Britain forced their workers to labor for excessive amounts of time which led them to intense exhaustion in areas that reached extremely high temperatures. Faulty machinery was also an issue along with exhaustion causing mortality rates to spike as many employees were placed in great danger whilst operating the machines. Possibly the main reason for all of the mishaps was the glaring inexperience of the management as most people had never experienced this new technology before, but on the other side of the world New England factories were thriving with positive reviewing from their employees due to many different factors. The fact that American businesses were doing so well proves the point that the poor conditions could have been escaped in Great Britain under the right circumstance and leadership. “The happiest place I have passed in America” was said by Charles Dickens during his first visit to Lowell Massachusetts in which he was thoroughly enthused by due to how successful and well kept some of the establishments were. Dickens hailed from Great Britain which happened...
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...progress in this matter. Part I Identifying Key Terms Notable People Thomas Malthus David Ricardo Andrew Ure Henry Cort James Hargreaves (spinning jenny) Richard Arkwright (water frame) Robert Owen James Watt (steam engine) Friedrich List George Stephenson Friedrich Engels Terms and Events Industrial Revolution Great Exhibition of 1851 Chartist movement Capital Capitalism Luddites Protective tariff Trade union Mass production Domestic system Separate spheres Zollverein Factory Act of 1833 Combination Acts Parish Apprentices Grand National Consolidated Trades Union Craft union Economic nationalism Class-consciousness Mines Act of 1842 Urbanization Part II Review Questions Directions: Check your understanding of this chapter by answering the following questions in about four-five well written and effective sentences each. 1. How did economic and demographic developments in the 18th century cause the Industrial Revolution? In what industry did the Industrial Revolution begin? 2. What factors supported the growth of the Industrial Revolution in England? 3. Describe the energy crisis in England. How was it solved? 4. What impact did the railroad have on (a) the factory...
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...During the 1800s, grate Britain’s empire expanded to include India, other parts of Asia, and parts of Africa. Grate Britain’s colonial rule had political, economical and social causes and positive and negative effects on colonial empire as well. Political ideals were a large part of imperialism. A great deal of these political ambitions came from nationalism. Reasons include expansion of borders, and the urge to become a stronger nation by becoming a larger one. The industrial revolution also gave British the advantage to create more reliable and strong weapons to gain control over another countries (document...
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...Aftermath A Costs of War CAUSES OF THE AMERICAN CIVIL WAR I. Introduction to Civil War The American Civil War was a war fought within the United States of America between the North (Union) and the South (Confederacy) starting from 1861 and ending in 1865. This war was one of the most destructive events in American history, costing more than 600,000 lives. It was thought to be one that helped shape the character of the American individual today. From the Southern point of view, this war was a War of Rebellion, or a War for Southern Independence. From the Northern point of view this war was seen as a revolution. This unfortunate war started as a result of many years of differences between the Union and the Confederacy. It erupted after many years of conflict building up between the two regions. Between the North and the South there lay deep economic, social and political differences, but it is important to understand that Slavery was the root of cause of these differences. II. Social Causes There were many factors that contributed to the onset of the Civil War. Socially, the North and the South were built on different standards. The South, or the Slave States, was a slave-based community that followed a class-based system. This system consisted of aristocracy, middle class and then slavery. Many depended on slaves and were accustomed to this way of life, which was hard to change. Plantation owners had slaves working for them, and those who could not afford to own slaves would...
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...Running head: PROGRESSIVE ERA THROUGH THE GREAT 1 Progressive Era Through the Great Depression Zarick L. Robinson Contemporary U.S. History – II Professor Patrick Peacock Strayer University August 1, 2013 PROGRESSIVE ERA THROUGH THE GREAT DEPRESSION 2 The progressive era in America describes a broadly based reform movement that reached its height early in the 20th century. In the decades following the Civil War, rapid industrialization transformed the United States. A national rail system was completed; agriculture was mechanized; the factory system spread; and cities grew rapidly in size and number. The progressive movement arose as a response to the vast changes brought about by industrialization. Two major turning points during this period was reform at the state level and of course the national level. At the state level, reformers turned to state politics, where progressivism reached its fullest expression. A model of progressive reform was Robert La Follette’s term as governor of Wisconsin. He won from the legislature an anti-lobbying law directed at large corporations, a state banking control measure, and a direct primary law. Taxes on corporations were raised, a railroad commission was created to set rates, and a conservative commission was set-up. In state after state, progressives advocated a wide range of political, economic, and social reforms. They...
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...social classes everywhere in the world. However, it is very interesting that this divide in social classes plays such a big role in one of the most globalized and industrialized nations in the world. Today, children from the wealthiest families gather up in the best elementary schools, high schools and universities in which they get provided the best teachers and the best education as possible. This tendency leaves nothing for the people in the lower classes. The film The Riot Club from 2014 describes these differences very well. It is about Alistair Ryle and Miles Brown, two students at the Oxford University, which both come from rich families. They get invited to join the Riot Club, which is a closed society for the 10 best students at the university. Throughout the film we follow their development in the Riot Club and also touch upon their different point of view on lower social classes. This assignment contains analysis of setting, characterization of main person and themes in the movie The Riot Club. When we are talking about the setting in The Riot Club, we may conclude that we are dealing with the upper class and the richer part of the British society. The film takes place at Oxford University, where we are following two new students. We know Oxford University as one of the finest universities in Great Britain and maybe even one of the most promoted universities on the entire planet. Essentially, it is given that Oxford University provides the best educations and teachers...
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...Running head: PROGRESSIVE ERA THROUGH THE GREAT 1 Progressive Era Through the Great Depression Zarick L. Robinson Contemporary U.S. History – II Professor Patrick Peacock Strayer University August 1, 2013 PROGRESSIVE ERA THROUGH THE GREAT DEPRESSION 2 The progressive era in America describes a broadly based reform movement that reached its height early in the 20th century. In the decades following the Civil War, rapid industrialization transformed the United States. A national rail system was completed; agriculture was mechanized; the factory system spread; and cities grew rapidly in size and number. The progressive movement arose as a response to the vast changes brought about by industrialization. Two major turning points during this period was reform at the state level and of course the national level. At the state level, reformers turned to state politics, where progressivism reached its fullest expression. A model of progressive reform was Robert La Follette’s term as governor of Wisconsin. He won from the legislature an anti-lobbying law directed at large corporations, a state banking control measure, and a direct primary law. Taxes on corporations were raised, a railroad commission was created to set rates, and a conservative commission was set-up. In state after state, progressives advocated a wide range of political, economic, and social reforms. They...
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