...Jyoti Yadav, a teenager who has made an extraordinary contribution to the Society. Jyoti Yadav’s mission began even before she was born. That's when Jyoti's father passed away and her 17-year old mother had to face challenges. Jyoti, now a thirteen year old, grew up in a village in Rajasthan where her mother, was banished from attending marriage ceremonies, not allowed to wear colourful clothes, her very presence was considered an ill-omen, and she was not even served meals at public functions being a widow. It was then that Jyoti realized the humiliation and disrespect widows faced in society and decided to take a stand and fight for the rights of her mother and other women like her in their village. Since she was too young to know how to bring about change towards the mindset and social practices in the region, Jyoti approached the head teacher in her school and the Sarpanch of her village who were more-than-willing to help her organize meetings to rid the village of this age-old custom. In 2010, Jyoti started campaigning for this cause. She went from house to house, door to door in her effort to try convincing and negotiating with people to change their attitude towards widows. Being a young girl, Jyoti faced social challenges to break the taboo of the male chauvinist society. She was small and speaking to elders with set mindset was definitely proving to be great deal of work. Despite of the physical attack on her, she was undeterred. With every new day her spirit...
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...CHAPTER ONE INTRODUCTION AND BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY 1.1 Introduction Stripping widows of property is a huge social problem in Zimbabwe especially with the escalating death toll due to Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) and Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS). Customary laws have been unable to address the problem which suggests that extra- legal interventions might be necessary. Social work intervention is necessary to preserve the widow’s worth and dignity as a human being, which is the principal value of social work. A widow is a woman who has lost a husband by death and has not remarried, according to The South African Concise Oxford Dictionary. Property stripping refers to depriving someone of acquired or inherited movable or immovable possessions that rightfully and legally belong to that person (The South African Concise Oxford Dic tionary; Kuenyehia 2003). This study uses stripping and grabbing interchangeably as refer ring to the same act. Basing their studies in Ikot Idem in Nigeria, Okunmadewa, Aina, Ayoola, Mamman, Nweze, Odebiyi, Shedu and Zacha (2002:106) maintain: [W]omen’s wellbeing often deteriorates quickly after the loss of their husbands, when they suffer threats of both their physical security and property. A widow often loses her husband’s property to the in-laws in accordance with family traditional rules. This study proposes to explore the widows’ experiences of property inheritance in the Binga District, in the North West of Zimbabwe...
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...Lape Mogaji Professor Susan Tripathy Sociology of Health and Healthcare DUE DATE: October 1st, 2015 “Social Relations and Health: A Flashpoint for Public Policy (Blackboard) From the moment of birth, babies yearn for love, affection and attention. Parents take care of their children up until college and even -in some generous cases- after graduation. Creating a strong and healthy relationship between caregivers and receivers, positively affects their health and their overall self esteem. Debra Emberson and Jennifer Karas Montez evaluated the pros and cons to social relationships and how it affects the standard of living for individuals. The authors included evidence shows that involvement in social relationships benefits health. Some studies they conducted comes from prospective studies of mortality across industrialized nations. House, Landis and Emberson conducted a social experiment and found that these studies consistently show that individuals with the lowest level of involvement in social relationships are more likely to die than those with greater involvement). For example, Berkman and Syme showed that the risk of death among men and women with the fewest social ties was more than twice as high as the risk for adults with the most social ties. Social ties has also been proven to reduce mortality rates among adults with medical conditions. For instance, several recent review articles provide consistent and compelling evidence linking a low quantity or quality...
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...PUBLIC POLICY AND GENDER POLITICS IN NIGERIA INTRODUCTION Despite the seemingly progressive actions by various regimes to redress women's conditions, the institutional environment dominated by men manifest contradictory gender politics. In Nigeria, as elsewhere, power relations are predicated on gender, which may be exercised in different domains (Pereira 2002:1). This chapter examines public policy and gender politics in governance, the social sector (widowhood practices) and education. PUBLIC POLICIES ON WOMEN'S RIGHTS Since the end of Second World War, there has been a widespread global concern for women's rights. Several international instruments have been adopted to attempt to resolve the problem of women's marginalization. The long list of international instruments include the 1948 Declaration on Human Rights, the 1976 Covenant on Human Rights, the 1979 Convention on the Elimination of all forms of Discrimination, and the 1985 Nairobi Forward-Looking Strategies. The Nigerian state has also responded to the international environment through adoption of public policies and programmes to redress the imbalance in gender differences in the social, economic and political spheres. In 2000, the Nigerian government adopted the National Policy on Women. The government considered the policy as its commitment to the development of all sectors of the society and to institutionalize processes which will pilot the Nigerian society towards social equity, justice and a much-improved...
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...Week 7 Homework Steven James Borkowski Prepared and written for Professor Jennifer Johnson Sociology 315 – Marriage and Families DeVry University Week 7 Homework We are now into week 7, the final week before class finals. Our assignment for this week is to answer five questions from the eBook for this class. I will write the chapter the question is found in as well as the number pertaining to that question within the chapter in the event that there are multiple questions. Chapter 12: 1 Question – Page 416 Question 1 Page 416: Historian Eric Sager, commenting on the growing ranks of singles, points out, “It is often said that divorce today performs the function that death did in the past. The promise to live together for better or worse, so long as you both shall live, means something very different if you anticipate a married life of 60 years, as opposed to a married life of 25 years.” Do you agree or disagree with Sager? Is the goal of lifetime marriage realistic in today’s society? What role, if any, does an increase in life expectancy play in marital stability? Explain. Answer: I believe that the goal of a lifetime marriage is still very realistic in todays modern society. When you look at what a divorce could ultimately do, splitting up families, finances and the emotional and physical toll it can have, I highly doubt anyone would Week 7 Homework want that. Sadly, as times have changed, so has the way marriages have been torn apart. People tend...
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...* * * * * Issues of Social Development in Adulthood Yvonne Gonzalez University of Phoenix PSY/201 Foundations of Psychology Tracy S. Ramos, Faculty April 7th, 2013 * * * * * * * * * I found this article to be very interesting. Surprisingly, it was difficult to locate a credible article that discussed women in their midlife; which it is why I really liked this article. Life Course Transitions and Depressive Symptoms among Women in Midlife, discusses about different issues that has accrue in adult women through midlife. It also discusses how midlife in adult women can affect their social development. This article will provide you with transitioning stage of midlife in adult women, as well as some of the consequences that can occur as women transition into midlife. It gives you step by step as to how each transition will affect her. This study was done on women from the ages 50-59 to show midlife transition and depression will affect the women. It will also tell you things about the male midlife transition and how they will react differently than women in their midlife transition. * Yes, I find that this article would be a great choice as a main source for a research paper. I say this because; it provides you with credible information and statistics on social development in women transitioning through midlife. It also provides you with information on how to overcome the issues that...
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...We began to realize we were entering a new stage of life during the 50s and 60s, a stage of oldness. The second readings was written by Dr. Hoonaard as she discovered the identity changes in widowhood. Widowhood is, unfortunately, very common in elderly. Having a life partner lost is really unbearable and can destroys one's identity. She referred to Dr. Cooley's "Self-Looking Glass" theory and implying that when women lost their husband, they lost the way to identify themselves, maintain friendships, and the connection with society. Based on the interview, however, widows will eventually develop new identity and often are associated with positivity energy. The next reading is done by Dr. Kaufman, in which she stated people don't identity themselves with their age (while accepting the fact that they are old), rather by their activities, and that it can be created and re-created throughout your life courses. The last two readings are about...
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...Society like Qing China had an influential ideology in making laws which is Confucianism. Specifically in this paper, I will focus on Chastity law in Qing China. Most of scholars, who had previous studies about the law, had written from the viewpoint of state that is based on patriarchal system. It makes sense somehow because states were the lawmakers and law was exercised as an instrument to control and maintain the state power at that time. So, in this paper, I would like to see the chastity law from the view point of women because I study that there is gender inequality and the consequence problems of chastity law in Qing society. I also think that the Qing law served the interest of the women of the rich household but not the poor women. For example, it is hard for a common widow to survive while keeping chastity since they are economically weak. In one study, it mentions that the widow populations were dramatically increasing dynasty by dynasty in China since 17th century. Thus, at one glance, chastity law seemed to be successful in its application to society. However, I do not think that the rise of widow population means the chastity law is perfect. Thus, my hypothesis is that whether the widows really satisfied with chastity law that was strictly imposed on them. In other words, I would examine whether all widows follow the chastity law or not. Also, I would also examine that weather the chastity law is the protection of widows or not. In case of poor widows, they might...
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...The Irony of Louise Mallard’s Widowhood In “The Story of an Hour” by Kate Chopin, the author disturbs the reader through the character of Mrs. Mallard. Mrs. Louise Mallard is a coldhearted woman who is happy at the news of widowhood, unbeknownst to her family and friends. Mrs. Mallard’s train of thought throughout the story is unexpected and shocks the reader at every turn, but teaches the reader a few things about relationships in the process. Situational and dramatic irony are created through the interpretation of Mrs. Mallard’s reaction to her husband’s death and through her own untimely death. Two different events in this story shock the reader through situational irony. Situational irony occurs when the reader’s expectations of the story are met with an unexpected occurrence, something that the reader wouldn’t have guessed would happen. The first incident takes place shortly after the main character, Louise, is told that her husband has died in a railroad accident. Her immediate reaction is predictable; she clings to her sister and sobs because her husband is dead. When a person loses a loved one that person goes through a mourning period to grieve for the loss and to cope with the death. What the reader is unprepared for, however, is not this display of emotion directly after the news of the accident. Rather than devastated by his death, Louise is overjoyed. Rather than absorbing the news as some women, “with paralyzed inability to accept its significance”...
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...Sarah Scott and Mary Wollstonecraft represent marriage similarly in their respective stories. They both view marriage as a confining institution where the women predominately do not reap any benefits from it. Marriage is simply a market in which women are bartered and sold to a willing man in which these women then become part of their property In Wollstonecraft’s Maria, marriage is basically a prison in which women are treated as slaves. The ideology of marriage as an institution means women are “exchangeable commodities” (Battisti & Fiorato) and are objectified because of their gender and role in society, in short women, once married are denied rights in terms of economy or freedom of choice. As Maria says “"[is] not the world a vast prison,...
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...may undergo fatigue and develop physically or mentally unstable (Berger, 1993). Every so often the significant other needs to execute the roles of both parents. Family accountabilities will shift from two parents to one parent. As a result, the non-alcoholic parent may possibly be unreliable, challenging, and every so often neglect the children. Having financial complications is an additional subject that families of alcoholics have to deal with. The family may also have to give up certain freedoms for the reason that the enormous sum of cash is being spent on alcohol and likewise possibly ending in unemployment. A survey, “Exposure to Alcoholism in the Family”, directed in 1988 suggested that alcoholism is a foremost influence of early widowhood (Berger, 1993). Alcoholism correspondingly is one of the chief motives for...
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...Is Your Grieving Making you sick? Maintaining Your Own Health Through Grief Audrey Pellicano R.N., M.S. Chronic stress is the response to emotional pressure suffered for a prolonged period over which an individual perceives he or she has no control. Keyword here, perceive. You may not have had any control over the death of your spouse, how ever, you can regain control of your own health. And you must! You may or may not have children that depend on you but you do have a life beyond the grief. Chronic psychological stress is associated with a greater risk of depression, cardiovascular disease, diabetes, autoimmune diseases, and upper respiratory infections. It is the chronic state of stress we are in, a constant state, which is known as “fight or flight”. Our body’s natural defense is inflammation, which, with chronic stress, is prolonged heightening the risk for disease. Grief initiates the natural “fight or flight” response and sends the body into overdrive. Overdrive is helpful when there is an emergency or may have been helpful when woolly mammoths chased us. Instead of fleeing an emergency, our bodies are in a constant state of fighting without a direction, outlet or purpose. During the grief period, we are frequently overwhelmed and lost. When we grieve, a flood of stress hormones is released. In recent publication’s the term ”broken heart syndrome” has been used to describe, what is medically known as, stress cardiomyopathy. The...
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...this a man must have his family and must be financially stable. This place is usually somewhere in the forest according to Mark W. Muessee the professor who gave the lecture on Hinduism. The fourth and final stage of the life cycle is a stage that not many men accomplish. During this final stage of life men are to renounce their former identity along with anything known with it. He is to leave his family and his wife and all of his belongings. The color of renunciation that these men where is orange. In classical Hinduism women were to follow three stages in the cycle of life. Now typically women follow the same stages of life that men do. The three stages women preciously followed were the girlhood stage, the household stage, and the widowhood stage. The girlhood stage is when parents protect your virginity and you are completely pure. As a child you are protected by your father, and a youth your husband protects you, and in old age your sons protect you. Unlike men, women do not get to go to school, they are usually educated by their parents. Marriage is something that is taken...
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...before the law no matter who they are or where they live. Article 8 says that “Everyone has the right to an effective remedy by the competent national tribunals for acts violating the fundamental rights granted him by the constitution or by law.” Everyone is entitled to a working solution to any act or acts that violates any rights given to him/her. Human Rights make sure that everyone is entitled to getting the basic necessities they need to survive. Article 25 states that “Everyone has the right to a standard living adequate for the health and well-being of himself and his family, including food, clothing, housing, and medical care and necessary social services, and the right to security in the event of unemployment, sickness, disability, widowhood, old age or other lack of livelihood in circumstances beyond his control.” This implies that everyone has the right to at least a standard form of living that will keep oneself and one's family in good health. This allows humans fair access to food, housing, clothing, medical care, social services, security in the event of unemployment, and other basic necessities. Article 26 gives all humans the right to an education, which especially in modern society is a necessity, “Everyone has the right to education. Education shall be free, at least in the elementary and fundamental stages. Elementary education shall be compulsory. Technical and higher education shall be equally accessible to all on the basis of merit.” Human Rights are standards...
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...determine how to obtain the finances to build affordable housing and additional shelters. The community has to better to promote public awareness, increase donations and gain more volunteers. The problem will not be solved overnight and some programs will take years to reach their full potential. However, if we do not start putting more effort and resources into reducing the number of homeless the problem will continue to worsen. The Universal Declaration of Rights “Everyone has the right to a standard of living adequate for the health and well-being of himself and of his family, including food, clothing, housing, and medical care and necessary social services, and the right to security in the event of unemployment, sickness, disability, widowhood, old age or other lack of livelihood in circumstances beyond his control. Motherhood and childhood are entitled to special care and assistance. All children, whether born in or out of wedlock, shall enjoy the same social protection.” (White, Stallones and Last 2016) I think article 25 provides the reasoning for the moral obligation society has to help those in need. ...
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