...successful for women-owned business throughout the years? When President John F. Kennedy signed Executive Order 10925 on March 6, 1961, which established Equal Employment Opportunity, it has opened doors for minorities. (OFCCP, 1961) The order informed contractors doing business with government take affirmative action to ensure that applicants are employed, and that employees are treated during employment without regard to their race, creed, color, or national origin. Four years later, President Lyndon B. Johnson issued Executive Order 11246, which prohibits employment discrimination based on race, color, religion, and national origin for those organization receiving federal contracts and subcontract. (OFCCP, 1961) In 1967 President Johnson amended the order to include sex. This order was designed to end discrimination by guaranteeing women-owned business was included in the pool to get a government contracts. The United States is the world’s largest purchaser of goods and services, with the average spending of $500 billion or more each year, of that $25 billion is directed to women-owned business and minority-owned firms. We have seen minority owned business on the rise in the past years. The United States have seen steady growth in the African-American, Hispanic, Asian, and Native American communities are on the rises in small business start-up and growth during the last 25 years. With the increasing number of women entrepreneurs are entering the business ownership in...
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...Women’s Business Center Group Members: Angelia Romero Chancelor Lowe Table of Contents * * Cover Page Table of Contents…….pg 2 * Summary…….pg 4 * Center for Women’s Business Research Urges SBA to Revise Its Federal Contracting Plan for Women Business Owners…….pg 5 * Study reveals economic impact of Northeast Florida’s women business owners…….pg 8 * Supporting Women Entrepreneurs at Every Step…….pg 11 * Message from the Director…….pg 12 * Businesses Owned by Women of Color Growing Faster Than All U.S Firms…….pg 13 * Sponsorship Benefits…….pg 16 * DR. Sharon Hadary Discusses Changes for Women- Owned Firms…….pg 19 * Women Own 20% of $1 Million Plus Businesses…….pg 23 * New Numbers Show Women- Owned Firms Comprise Forty Percent of all Firms…….pg 27 * About Center for Women’s Business Research…….pg 27 * DR. Sharon Hadary Retiring from Center for Women’s Business Research…….pg 29 * The Research Team…….pg 30 Summary The Women’s Business Center movement, and federal funding of many of those centers through the U.S. Small Business Administration (SBA), emerged in the mid-1990s as a means for assisting women in business formation, particularly those who were socially and economically disadvantaged. The Impact and Influence of Women’s Business Centers research study examines the social and economic impact of Women’s Business Centers throughout the United States and their effectiveness at assisting women entrepreneurs...
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...Contracting Small business plays an integral part of the US economy in job and wealth creation. The U.S. uses the procurement process to advance socioeconomic policies and objectives. As a result, the Federal government has a vested interest in ensuring the growth and health of small businesses by creating opportunities for these enterprises to get a slice of federal dollars through government contracts. Socioeconomic Programs originate from the Small Business Act created in 1953, which declares “it is the policy of the United States that small business concerns shall have the maximum practicable opportunity to participate in the performance of contracts let by any federal agency, including contracts and subcontracts for subsystems, assemblies, components, and related services for major systems” (SBA, 2011). In 1997, Congress established a 23% goal for the awarding of federal contracts to small businesses. These programs, which include incentive, set-aside, and preference programs, give small businesses and small businesses owned by special minority and disadvantaged groups’ advantages in bidding on federal contracts. The following five types of socioeconomic programs require agencies to limit competition on certain contracts to qualified small businesses so that small firms do not have to compete with large ones for the same contracts. Small Business Set-Asides are enterprises engaged in a for-profit business which is independently owned and operated and not dominant...
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...Minorities in business have increased rapidly in the last decade. Businesses that range from domestic to technological are often owned by minorities from all walks of life. Minorities aren’t always African American; there’s a wide spectrum of businessmen and women alike, from race to gender. Wikipedia defines minority business enterprise as “an American term which is defined as a business which is at least 51% owned, operated and controlled on a daily basis by one or more (in combination) American citizens of the following ethnic minority and/or gender (e.g. woman-owned) and/or military veteran classifications.” In 2007, more than one-fifth of the nation’s 27.1 million firms were minority-owned. Minority owned business owners in America have seen its fair share of successes, failures and potential for the future. “The U.S. Department of Commerce 1997 survey of Minority –Owned Business Enterprise reported that there were nearly 2.9 million minority – owned businesses in 1997, generating a projected 564 billion in revenue by 1999 and employing nearly 4.3 million workers.” (Fraser, 110) The rapid growth in the minority business enterprise has been beyond impressive. The activity in the minority sector show a varying and rather impressive percentage of growth among the diverse group of business owners. Hispanic –owned businesses were the most successful overall minority owned enterprises. According to the 1997 U.S. Dept. of Commerce, “Hispanics or Latinos owned about 1.2 million...
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...No | | General Information 1. Please note that submission of this form to SAPO does not in any manner imply automatic registration or awarding of contracts. 2. The information provided in this form will be treated as confidential and will not be disclosed to any third party. 3. The information will be used only for the purpose of assessing your enterprise in terms of our policy. 4. South African Post Office reserves the right to request additional information or documents, or to perform audit procedures to substantiate or verify any of the answers provided in the questions. 5. A copy of the completed form must be signed on behalf of your business by a duly authorised signatory. 6. Please complete the supplier...
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...Blacks in Business/ Black billionaires The Declaration on the Elimination of Discrimination against Women was adopted by the general assembly in 1967, and was a huge step towards equal rights for women. In the same time period, Martin Luther King was assassinated and the black civil rights movement placed strong roots in the streets of America. When Forbes 400 first came out in 1982, there were only 12 billionaires on the list that year, none of them neither women nor blacks. The most current list (2013) of the world’s billionaires contains 1.426 names. Seven of these are black, a number that equals 0.49 percent of the total number. On the other hand, the number of women on the same list is 138, which equals 9,68 percent. So, for the last 50 years the two groups reached a very different outcome. Although there are several possibilities for why blacks are a minority in the one- percent group of the financial world, racism itself is the root of this worldwide problem. However, these numbers show us the elite of the world’s business people. To get a better understanding of the real differences between black and white businessmen we have to investigate the first steps towards entrepreneurships and the factors that come to play regarding racial differences. In the United States there is a big gap in the success-rate between black and white-owned businesses. This is a major concern for blacks in business because a sole proprietorship has historically been a method for economic...
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...menv i n n o va i n f o r m at i o n vi 2008:23 research on women´s entrepreneurshp A presentation of the ten projects funded by the programme Title: Research on Women´s Entrepreneurship - A presentation of the ten projects funded by the programme Series: VINNOVA Information VI 2008:23 ISSN: 1650-3120 Published: December 2008 Publisher: VINNOVA – Verket för Innovationssystem / Swedish Governmental Agency for Innovation System VINNOVA Case No: 2007-02271 About VINNOVA VINNOVA, Swedish Governmental Agency for Innovation Systems. VINNOVA´s mission is to promote sustainable growth by funding needs-driven research and developing effective innovation systems. Through its activities in this field, VINNOVA aims to make a significant contribution to Sweden´s development into a leading centre of economic growth. The VINNOVA Information series includes general publications that describe VINNOVA’s activities as well as specific programme descriptions, project catalogues, annual reports, etc. Research and Innovation for Sustainable Growth. VINNOVA´s publications are published at www.VINNOVA.se I VINNOVAs publikationsserier redovisar bland andra forskare, utredare och analytiker sina projekt. Publiceringen innebär inte att VINNOVA tar ställning till framförda åsikter, slutsatser och resultat. Undantag är publikationsserien VINNOVA Policy som återger VINNOVAs synpunkter och ställningstaganden. VINNOVAs publikationer finns att beställa, läsa och ladda ner via www.VINNOVA.se. Tryckta...
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...Entrepreneurship Impacting United States Women in the Twenty-First Century Brittany DeWalt Alabama Agricultural and Mechanical University Abstract Entrepreneurship is a major cause in the twenty-first century and it is important to understand the steps it takes to become a successful entrepreneur. This paper discusses the impact entrepreneurship has on United States women in the twenty-first century. I will explore the different reasons why women are breaking from the gender-specific roles and venturing into small and medium-scale enterprises (SME). According to Toeh et al. (2008) SME has been recognized as a major source of global economic growth and employment and women entrepreneurs have been acknowledged to play critical roles in bringing their ideas and capabilities towards successful achievement of the SME development in their countries. Even though this approach is beneficial to women, it does not define what is entrepreneurship and how it affects women. Furthermore, I will explain what motivates women to enter small and medium-scale enterprises (SME) and how it relates to motivation factors surrounding demographic characteristics, source of revenue, present constraints, and prospects for revenue. Keywords: entrepreneurship; gender; entrepreneurial factors; women; small and medium-scale enterprises; SME; capital; demographic Introduction Entrepreneurship facilitates more career opportunities to women who engage in small and medium-scale...
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...empowerment. Modern women have traded into almost all spheres and have proved themselves which were previously the exclusive domain of their male counterparts. Endowed with famous female institution that helps them make the right choices even in situations where experience and logic fail, women have innate flair for entrepreneurship. They are natural networks and relationship builders, forging powerful bonds and nurturing relationship with clients and employees alike. They are more inclined to seek out mentors and develop supportive teams. Women entrepreneurs need to be landed for their increased utilization of modern technologies increased investment, finding a niche in the export market creating a sizable employment for others and setting the trend for other entrepreneurs in the organized sector. Gender equality and economic development go hand in hand. The emergence of women entrepreneurs and their contribution be national economy is quite visible in India. They now constitute around 10% of the total number of entrepreneurs with a rapidly increasing trend. The growing recognition that the women have unique talents which could be harnessed for development, and for creating employment opportunities for others who are not suited to an entrepreneurial career, developing women as entrepreneur has become an important and integral part of national development planning and strategies. With corporate eager to associate and work with women owned business and a host of bands...
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...Chapter 1 The Foundations of Entrepreneurship Multiple Choice Questions: 1. A recent study by Ernst and Young found that 78% of influential Americans believe that entrepreneurship will be the defining trend of this century. The entrepreneurial opportunity that topped their list was: a. the Internet b. globalization c. downsizing of corporate America d. None of the above. 2. Current competitive conditions favor: a. large companies with their hierarchies and layers of management. b. companies in industries that were once regulated by government but have recently been deregulated. c. small companies that can quickly move into and out of niche markets as they emerge and recede. d. Both A and B are correct. 3. Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of the typical entrepreneur? a. Confidence in his/her ability to succeed b. Value of money over achievement c. Desire for immediate feedback d. A future orientation 4. Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of the typical entrepreneur? a. Desire for responsibility b. High degree of commitment c. Low energy levels d. Confidence in his/her ability to succeed 5. Characteristics of entrepreneurs include all of the following EXCEPT: a. Tolerance for ambiguity b. Flexibility c. Skill at organizing d. Low degree of commitment 6. Entrepreneurs are characterized by: a. skill at organizing...
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...Analysis of Business Specialties Martha Garcia, Hellena Jones Elblng, Tina Jones, Amanda King, Irene Tapia GEN- 480 October 27th, 2013 Wally Hedgecock Analysis of Business Specialties Women On The Rise or WOTR consulting group is focused upon social innovation benefiting women seeking to become entrepreneurs. WOTR consulting seeks to assist women with starting a business of their own and offers many beneficial services. The consulting group’s goal is to raise awareness and gain private sector support for women entrepreneurs. Learning Team C possesses the necessary skills to efficiently and effectively manage WOTR consulting as well as provide success, positively impact, and educate clients. Women on the rise (WOTR) is a firm put together as a support for women who want to start up their own business. The staff at WOTR are highly motivated and eager to work with these women side-by-side empowering them to better their future. The staff helps the women create a plan to make their business come alive. Client based relationships are important to the WOTR firm, they believe that is a fundamental building block of the success of the firm. Open communication is practiced throughout the firm so clients and employees can always feel they are on the same page. Honesty, trust, dependability, loyalty, and quality are just a few of the characteristics WOTR thrives to serve their clients. Services Offered (D) Women On The Rise (WOTR) consulting group’s services include 1)...
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...Acceptance of Change………… urgency (Step #1)….…..…………………... 4 3. Attempted Resistance of Change. Form a Powerful Coalition (Step #2) …………….…..5 4. Benefits of Government Contracting Out…………………………..…………….…. 5 5. Who benefits from government contracting out?. Create a Vision for Change (Step #3) .. 6 6. What is the method by which contracts are awarded?……………………………..….. 6 a. Competitive Bidding Contracts……… ……………………………………...… 7 b. Sole Sourcing …………………………..…………………………………...…. 7 c. Set aside Government Contracting……………………………...………..……. 7 1. Women-Owned Small Business………………………………………….…. 8 2. Service-Disabled Veteran-Owned Small Business (SDVOSB)………......… 9 3. Veteran –Owned Small Business (VSOB)……………………………….…. 9 4. Small Business (SB)………………………………………………………... 10 5. Historically Underutilized Business Zone (HUBZone) ………….……….…10 6. Small Disadvantaged Business (SDB)…………………………….……........10 7. Small Disadvantaged Business 8(a) Certified [8(a)] Communicate the Vision (Step #4)………………………………………..……….10 7. What additional steps have been taken to encourage Federal agencies' use of WOSB, SDVSOB & VSOB?...................... remove the obstacles (Step #5)…......................................................11 8. Road blocks to fulfilling the allotted contractual...
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...Business in the Small Community Paula Vaughan Texas A&M University – Commerce Operating a small business in a small community has many challenges. There are no large marketing firms, boards of directors, or legions of employees to make the operation run efficiently and productively. It is simply the owner, one or two other employees (usually family members), and the products being sold. In the case of some small businesses, there are a myriad of products to increase sales opportunities, and profits. I will be focusing on those businesses within the Choctaw Nation located in southern Oklahoma, and how they serve the citizens within their community. Small towns and small businesses with a large impact. Southeastern Oklahoma is home to 31 towns, or communities, within Choctaw County alone. Most of these have a store that serves as gas station, grocery, hardware, and over-the-counter drug store. In addition they have a mechanic, a small diner, and two or three churches. Most mail is delivered on rural routes with post offices being located in the larger of the towns, or smaller ones several miles apart. In this area small business is a big deal. The people of southeastern Oklahoma are in one of the five Promise Zones identified by President Obama in January 2015. The Promise Zone is “an anti-poverty initiative that provides resources such as grants and tax incentives to help improve conditions in persistently high poverty communities” (Cosgrove, 2015). As one...
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...profits. Nearly all his dreams came true about his career. 1 (http://kariyer.ieu.edu.tr/?page_id=617) They opened their first shop in the PasseiG de Gracia in Barcelona, and a year later than that the company had five outlets in Barcelona and from this point on with opening of a shop in Valencia it began its expansion in the domestic market. By the year of 1998 the company had 13 sales outlets in Spain. In the year 1992 they took the companies first steps outside the domestic market with the inauguration of two stores in Portugal.The following year they opened their 100th store in Spain and two years later the business management system based on specialized and coordination team were successfully introduced and is still in place today they can differenciate between two stages in their organizations : First rom 1984 to 1995 They have gaind a greater knowledge of the business and consolidated the product and store concepts, they have implemented the “Just In Time Philosophy in the distribution area” obtaining a certain critical mass on the Spanish Market. In the second stage from 1996 to the present they have inforced the values of the team and increased their investment in a new concept of complete logistics based on speed,information & technology and during this stage they have opened bigger stored and increased the rate of openings in other countries. 2...
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...http://mohanchandran.files.wordpress.com/2008/01/wal-mart.pdf http://www.slideshare.net/redwan999/operation-management-for-walmart http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Walmart Ever wonder how the products you see on our shelves get there? It all comes down to logistics, and it's how Walmart works. Every year, we move millions of products from manufacturers to Walmart distribution centers, and from distribution centers to the shelves in our stores. Distribution Centers Walmart’s 158 distribution centers are hubs of activity for our business. Our distribution operation is one of the largest in the world. Walmart logistics has a fleet of 6,500 tractors, 55,000 trailers and more than 7,000 drivers. Download Hi-Res Photo * A regional distribution center can have up to 12 miles of conveyor belts, which can move hundreds of thousands of cases through the facility each day. * There are 9 disaster distribution centers, strategically located across the country and stocked to provide rapid response to struggling communities in the event of a natural disaster. * Each distribution center is more than 1 million square feet in size, and uses more than 5 miles of conveyor belts to keep products moving to our stores 24 hours a day. * Every distribution center supports 90 to 100 stores in a 200-mile radius. Trucks and Truck Drivers Walmart is able to move goods to and from distribution centers because we maintain a private fleet of trucks and a skilled staff of truck drivers...
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