...Over the years psychology has grown and become more prevalent in society as people are more inclined to know more about the mind, behaviors, and how it all relates to psychology itself. There have been some major influences on psychology and what it is today. At first thought, one would only be able to think of a man who may have contributed to psychology but in contrast, there are many women who have contributed to psychology and what it has become. Anna Freud is one profound woman that had a lot to contribute to the world of psychology. She was born in Vienna on December 3, 1895. She is the youngest daughter of Sigmund Freud’s six children, and she is the only one of the children that became a psychoanalyst. Freud was the founder of child psychoanalysis, and she added to the understanding of how the ego and consciousness functions in preventing painful thoughts, ideas, and urges (Anna Freud, 2013). Of all Sigmund Freud’s children, Anna was closest to him, and she related to him in ways that the other kids did not. Freud’s mother was closer to her other children while Anna identified with her father. Freud and her mother had a strained relationship. Added to their already strained relationship, Freud’s mother was a total skeptic when it came to psychoanalysis. Sigmund Freud noticed his daughter’s intelligence and how interested she was in psychoanalysis. However, he did not send her to the schools that would prepare her for university. Alternatively, she attended Cottage Lyceum...
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...Women in Psychology Paper Rex Little Psychology 310 History of Psychology 8/19/2011 Donna Allgood Women in Psychology Paper The woman I choose in psychology is Margaret Washburn. Margaret was well known as the first woman ever to be awarded a Ph.D. She was a great teacher and that alone would have made her worthy of the elevated status necessary for mention as a great woman in the field of psychology but she is also known by many contemporary psychologists and social science related people as an eminence whose works in the field are of extraordinary long-lasting importance. Margaret Washburn was born in Harlem, New York, July 25th 1871 and was an only child. She developed some of the most interesting theories about the relationship between motor development and mental activity. She worked with animals during her early schooling during some of her controversial studies wrote her book The Animal Mind (1904). She stated that “All psychic interpretation of animal behavior must be on the same analogy of human experience…Our acquaintance with the mind of animals rests upon the same basis as our acquaintance with the mind of our fellow man”(541). This was at a time when women were not supposed to express higher reasoning. One can only imagine the scrutiny she must have endured at hands of her peers and those in administrative positions with schools she was working from. There were many researchers around during this time who would have...
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...enormous spectrum of psychology and how we view life through our own thoughts. While his influence is irrefutable, the opinions concerning Freud and his writings vary greatly throughout the world. Individuals may distinguish the great genius in his groundbreaking theories of psychoanalysis, or they may reject his writings arguing that he had pushed the envelope too far. Either way, it is safe to say that his theories still evoke a considerable amount of debate to this day. Out of all of Freud’s theories, however, it can be argued that his views on women and feminine psychology are the most controversial. The debate between Freud and feminists has been well documented through the writings of many authors. The Enigma of Women is one of several books that have been published that analyzes the issues between Freud and feminism. In The Enigma of Women, Sarah Kofman comments on Freud’s prediction that feminists would take to the warpath against his writings on the women arguing that Freud’s theories are “rife” with masculine prejudice (11). Other credible books, such as Samuel Slipp’s The Freudian Mystique raise important questions on Freud’s theories of feminism. Why did Freud make such grossly biased and incorrect statements about women, while in other areas he was a very perceptive and accurate observer? Slipp argues that it was Freud’s genius and his monumental discoveries in other areas of mental functioning that lent credibility to his theories on women (12). Some of the earliest...
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...Women in Psychology Paper Shanda L. Ludwig PSY/310 September 11, 2011 Dr. Matt Pearcey Women in Psychology Paper It was not until the 1890s that women were allowed access to training in most fields of study, including psychology. Since that time many have made significant theoretical contributions to the field of psychology and our understanding of psychodynamic thought including the works of Karen Horney (1885–1952). She was a psychoanalyst best known for her work on neurosis and coping techniques. Horney was a leading figure in the development of a range of non-orthodox psychoanalytic approaches in mid-twentieth-century America. Often compared to orthodox Freudians, she emphasized interpersonal relations and minimized the role ascribed to biology. Horney was particularly critical of Freud's approach to women (Horney 1942). Biography Karen Horney was born in Blankensee, a suburb of Hamburg, Germany. She was the daughter of a sea captain, Berenth Henrick Vackels Danielson, and his second wife, Clotilde von Ronzelen. Although her father spoiled her with trips and gifts, Horney described her father as a harsh and claimed he favored her brother over her. Horney fell in love with her brother at a young age and states the rejection she felt from him caused her to spiral into depression around the age of 9. Due to this rejection, Horney felt that she wasn’t attractive and once stated, “If I couldn't be pretty, I decided I would be smart" (Horney, 1942). It was around...
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...Running head: WOMEN IN PSYCHOLOGY PAPER 1 . Women in Psychology Linda Wise June 7, 2012 Running head: WOMEN IN PSYCHOLOGY PAPER 2 Women in Psychology In the twentieth century, the thoughts and ideas from the different gender (women) were being heard, as the women started to educate themselves, it gave them the ability to influence decision making, which in that day was made only made by men. Women also had to push and fight to be heard when it came to politics and the economy issues. Soon they also fought for independency rights, which led them to the study of Psychology, which again was an aspect that had major effects on women who strived for competitive workplace positions. As Psychology grew, there were many times that educated women would make a significant breakthrough and realization in the field, but would go unrecognized or their work would be unimportant in the eyes of male researchers. There was one woman that broke through and was heard, her name is Anna Freud, her father was Sigmund Freud, a leader or what other would call him “fathers” of Psychology, Many thought the reason she was heard was because of her father’s reparation. Many believed that her father influenced his ideas while she was a child(http://www.biography.com/people/anna-freud-9302339). Anna Freud was born on December 3, 1895 and was the youngest daughter of Sigmund and Martha Freud. Anna had five siblings, but she was the liveliest and most mischievous of the bunch...
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...Mary Whiton Calkins Natalie Scrivens Katrina Ramos The field of psychology is one that seems to be dominated with the presence of men especially in the 18th and 19th century. The world was not focused on equal rights for women. Psychology did however have women who contributed greatly to the study and focus of theories and ideas that we still use today. In this paper I will discuss the life of Mary Whiton Calkins, theoretical prospective, and contributions to the field of psychology. Mary Whiton Calkins was born in Hartford, Connecticut in 1863. She was the daughter of a Presbyterian minister and was the oldest of five children. Mary had a very close relationship with her family. She was especially close with her mother. Mary was very much the strong and independent type. She moved to Newton, Massachusetts at the age of 17. Her family built her a house and she would remain in that house throughout her life. Mary’s father was very adamant about her education. He knew that without him overseeing and designing and education plan that Mary would not get the education that she needed to be successful in a male dominated world. Her father made sure that she got the best education possible and he gave her education privately. Mary’s father’s dedication and supervision of her education would reap great benefits for her. All of his instruction allowed her to enter Smith College in 1882 with an advanced standing as a sophomore. Mary would however face a crushing...
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...| Women In Psychology Paper | | Danielle R. Berg | 5/18/2014 | Select a woman who has made significant contributions to the field of psychology between the years 1850 and 1950. Obtain faculty approval of your selection prior to beginning this assignment. Prepare a 1,400- to 1,750-word paper in which you describe her background, theoretical perspective, and contributions to the field of psychology. | Mary Whiton Calkins was born on March, 30, 1863 to a Presbyterian Minister during a time when oppression of women would be stout during her growing up transitioning into adulthood. She overcame her own struggles and closed doors in regards to her schooling and succeeded in becoming the first female president of the American Psychological Association, but not without a supreme amount of perseverance. During the 19th century, women were thought to be inferior to men, not only physically but intellectually as well. Women could study on their own, but to be included in class as a student rather than a "guest" was next to impossible. Where men thought that education could cause harm to women, the actuality of it was that an educated woman could cause 'harm' to that belief. Mary Whiton Calkins would show the world that her place existed next to the greatness of any male peer within Psychology as she began her own story into the world. Thankfully her parents encouraged her to thrive towards education and overcoming the inferior stereotyping given in regards to women. She...
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...Women in Psychology Tamara Walker University of Phoenix CERTIFICATE OF ORIGINALITY: I certify that the attached paper is my original work. I affirm that I have not submitted any portion of this paper to any previous course, and neither has anyone else. I confirm that I have cited all sources from which I used language, ideas, and information, whether quoted verbatim or paraphrased. Any assistance I received while producing this paper has been acknowledged in the References section. I have obtained written permission from the copyright holder for any trademarked material, logos, images from the Internet, or other sources. I further agree that my name typed on the line below is intended to have, and shall have, the same validity as my handwritten signature. Student's signature (name typed here is equivalent to a signature): _ Tamara Walker__________________________ ___ Women in Psychology Psychology is continuously evolving within itself and the practice alone. Even though several men had dominated the field, women began to come onto the seen and began to make significant contributions to psychology. Psychology has been around for a very long time and throughout that time there have been some very influential women. The contributions of women in psychology have also been overlooked in much of psychology’s history. Many women have contributed to the way that people think, live and even their careers that they have chosen. Some of these women...
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...NOTE: This paper is for you to get an idea from and not to copy. Please site your source and DO NOT plagerize. I received a 100% on this paper Women in Psychology- Karen Horney Student Name PSY 310 (Instructor) Cheri Meadowlark February 25, 2013 Women in Psychology: Karen Horney Karen Horney was a female psychological pioneer. She was a theorist in personality, psychoanalysis, along with feminine psychology. Karen Horney also had some theories about ones needs. Background Clotilde “Sonni” and Berndt Danielsen welcomed their second child Karen Clementina Theodora Danielsen on September 16, 1885. Karen was born in Blankenese, a small village on the north bank of Elbe, Germany. Karen’s parents had Dutch-Norwegian origins and upheld the values and principles of a European family in Victorian times (Rubins, 1978). Berndt was the captain of a ship. He did not only deliver his commands on the ocean, but he also delivered them at him. Berndt had four boys form a previous marriage, and two children with Karen’s mother; Karen was the youngest of her brothers and the only daughter. In the 1800’s a women was expected to marry if she was not going to live her life as a caretaker for her own mother or as nun. Clotide, was referred to as Sonni by Berndt and her children because she was such a freethinker. Karen’s father was harshly religious and she was only allowed to read the bible after she learned how to read. Berndt applied the values of his religious...
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...Construction of Gender. 6. ‘I’m Quite Good at Mexican Food’: Men’s Narratives in Mixed Conversation. 7. ‘Still in Shock Weren’t You Darling’: Masculinity and the Heterosexual Couple. 8. ‘There are Problems’: Men’s Talk and Contemporary Masculinities. Cowburn, Malcolm. (2004). Men, masculinities and what men do: the relationship of critique and change (invited review essay). Sexualities, 7, 4 497-501. Edley, N. (2001a). Analysing masculinity: Interpretative repertoires, ideological dilemmas and subject positions. In M. Wetherell, S. Taylor & S. Yates. (eds.), Discourse as data: a guide for analysis (pp. 189-229). London: Sage Publications. Edley, N. (2001b). I. Conversation analysis, discursive psychology and the study of ideology: A response to Susan Speer. Feminism & Psychology, 11(1), 136-140. Edley, N., and M. Wetherell. (1997). Jockeying for position: the construction of masculine identities. Discourse and Society, 8(2), 203-217. Herring, Susan, Deborah A. Johnson, and Tamra DiBenedetto. (1995). ‘This Discussion is Going Too Far!’: Male Resistance to Female Participation on...
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...Women in Psychology - Mary Ainsworth University of Phoenix History and Systems of Psychology PSY/310 Nicole Parkinson April 08, 2012 Women in Psychology - Mary Ainsworth The contributions of many of psychology's most eminent female thinkers have long been ignored, but that is starting to change as more history texts begin to recognize women such as Karen Horney, Mary Ainsworth, Leta Hollingworth and Christine Ladd-Franklin in their pages (Cherry, n.d.). This paper will discuss Mary Ainsworth and her background, theoretical perspective, and contributions to the field of psychology. Background Mary Dinsmore Salter Ainsworth was born in Glendale, Ohio, in 1913, the oldest of three daughters of Charles and Mary Salter ("Ainsworth, Mary D. Salter", 2005). Ainsworth reportedly demonstrated an aptitude for academics early on in life, even learning to read at the young age of three. Mary’s parents placed significant importance on education. Her mother and father were both graduates of Dickinson College in Pennsylvania. Ainsworth recollects frequent visits to the library and the elevated scholastic expectations established for her and her sisters by their parents. Ainsworth obtained her A.A., B.A., M.A., and Ph.D. in psychology with honors all at the University of Toronto by 1939. Theoretical Perspective In the 1960s, Ainsworth formulated a method, called A Strange Situation, to monitor attachment relationships between a caregiver and child. In this method of...
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...The Self Paper Jamila Gilliam Psych 555 December 9, 2012 Dr. Jay Greiner The Self This paper is about self-concept and how it is developed. Self-concept is important to the field of psychology because it explains one’s attitude and how they view themselves. This paper will define self-concept, the relationship between the self and emotion and the effect on individual self-esteem. Lastly, the author will explain the relationship between self and behavior and the effect on individual self-presentation. Define the concept of the self. Explain how an individual develops a self-concept. Explain the relationship between the self and emotion and how this relationship affects an individual’s self-esteem. Explain the relationship between the self and behavior and how this relationship affects an individual’s self-presentation. According to Fiske (2010) social psychology is about the influence people have on one another. Social psychology is also the scientific explanation of how thoughts, feelings, and behaviors are influenced by the presence of other human beings. The presence can be actual, imagined, or implied (Fiske 2010). Social influence plays a big role in society and the decisions that individuals make. There are four key characteristics of social psychology and they are broad scope, cultural mandate, scientific methods, and search for wisdom. Broad scope is exactly as it sounds. It explains that social psychology consists of many aspects of human behavior...
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...Women in Psychology When one thinks about the field of psychology and those great names that made such great contributions to the field like; Freud and Skinner to name a few come to mind, one thinks of those men who made a important finding about psychology, nonetheless those names hold great meaning to the field, but along the way there have been several influential women who have also made such great contributions to the field, may who have been theorist, pioneers and counselors. Among some of these women there is a name that stands out the most, her name is Anna Freud. This paper will discuss Anna Freud’s background, her theoretical perspective and the contributions she was able to provide to the field of psychology. Anna Freud was born on Vienna, Austria on December 3, 1895, the youngest of six children of Sigmund Freud and Martha Freud. Anna Freud had a special bond with her father, more than with her mother or any siblings; she started reading her father’s work at the age of 15. Her relationship with her siblings wasn’t quite the best; in fact Anna refers to her 2 years older sister Sophie as her rival. Anna felt relieved when Sophie went out and got marry, as the relationship wouldn’t be as competitive as it had been most of their lives. Anna gained a special interest in the field of psychology such as her father and in a time were men had made significant contributions to the field of psychology, then comes a little a girl who since a very early age learned to...
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...Women in Psychology Paper Johnny Williams PSY310 January 9, 2012 Lillian Fillpot Women in Psychology Paper A conversation of women in psychology can only be conducted with discussion of the many women who have contributed much of their lives to education as well as educating others with the knowledge that they have learned. This paper will define Inez Beverly Prosser, PhD, a woman who has made significant contributions to the field of psychology between the years 1850 and 1950. This paper will also cover and describe her background, theoretical perspective, and contributions to psychology. Inez Beverly Prosser was born on December 30th approximately 1895 within Texas; no one is for certain of her exact birth date all that is known is stated. Out of eleven brothers and sisters Inez was the first daughter to her parents. Her father, Samuel Andrew Beverly, always seem to find work as an attendant no matter where they moved to. Her mother, Veola Hamilton, stayed and turned their house into a beautiful home. The family continued to move when the children were little, first in 1900 to Yoakum in the south of Texas and in 1907 to Corpus Christi. Prosser and her oldest brother, Leon, came back to Yoakum to attend the high school. After finishing at the top of her class in 1910, Prosser enrolled at Prairie View State Normal and Industrial College to be found 45 miles northwest of Houston. In 1912, she graduated from College with a two year degree, and was now...
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...Historical Figure Portfolio History and Systems of Psychology Fall 2014 Karen Horney (1885-1952) [pic] Introduction This historical figure portfolio gives a short overview on the life of Karen Horney who was a psychoanalyst and pioneer in feminine psychology. Throughout this portfolio, Karen Horney’s life will be described with the help of a life timeline, a timeline of historical events during her lifetime, a short biography, an image of her, along with a reference page are included to give an synopsis of her life and works. Table of Contents Timeline of Life and Historical Events………………………………………………………4 Brief Biography………………………………………………………………………………6 Image 1………………………………………………………………………………………10 References……………………………………………………………………………………11 Life and World Timeline: September 16, 1885: Karen Horney was born near Hamburg, Germany (previously known as Blankenese, Schleswig-Holstein, Prussia, German Empire). 1886: Statue of Liberty was dedicated to, and placed in, the United States. 1888: Jack the Ripper began his gruesome serial killing in London. 1892: Ellis Island opens as a main east coast immigration center. 1906: Karen Horney entered medical school. 1909: She married Oscar Horney, a man she met in medical school. 1911: Karen Horney’s mother died this year, which then instilled a desire in her to explore psychoanalysis because of the difficulties this...
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