...Women have always been a helping hand, whether it was to help cook or put the children to bed. They were never the providers, husbands and men were. This left women to do all of the house work and other house chores. This changed when World War II broke out, women had larger roles in society, and being a woman actually meant something. Since men were busy with battle, women gladly took their place on assembly lines in defense industries. Women were commonly known to work outside of the house, but women were suspected to work inside factories. Few women actually worked in factories, except for textile mills and sewing industries, places where women belonged. Factories began to beg for workers because of all the missing hands, so they were forced to seek out women’s help to keep their industries running. Government advertisements posted about openings in the industrial industries and they told them that they were prepared for this type of work. In fact,...
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...Role of Women in WW2 The role of women changed dramatically during and after World War 2 (WW2). Initially women would do the housework and look after the children. During the war, women did not only have to take care of the house, they slowly started becoming popular in the working industry. After the war, women were able to have more power and were considered more than just a pretty face. Topic sentence: Before the war, women had very little freedom, power and job opportunities. Explanation: Women were the leaders of the house. They would cook, clean, wash and wipe whilst looking after children. Some of them had feminine jobs, like tailoring, where they would work and try to earn money in order to support their husbands or if their husbands were unable to work. Before the war, it was generally thought that a MAN was the main bread winner and provider for their families. Ladies were very limited with their social interactions as well. They were occasional allowed get-togethers along-side their husbands. Evidence: Women were devoted to their husbands and if you weren’t married then you were supposed to be devoted to their father. Meaning that you were born to cook, clean, wash, wipe and bear children. Link: But with so many men away at war, this idealistic view began to change. Women were allowed to work and were expected to be an active member of the workforce. Topic sentence: The rise of women and their path to change during WW2. Explanation: When all the men where off...
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...racism. She was the first to hold press conferences, and speak at a national convention. On a few occasions, she disagreed with her husband's policies. She advocated for expanded roles for women in the workplace, the civil rights of African Americans and other races across the nation, and for the rights of people who fled their country because of WW2. After her husband suffered a polio attack in 1921, Eleanor stepped forward to help Franklin with running for president. When her husband became president in 1933, Eleanor dramatically changed the role of the first lady. Not content to stay in the background she showed the world that the first lady was an important part of American politics. She gave press conferences and spoke out for human rights, children's causes and women's issues, working on behalf of the League of Women Voters She also focused on helping the country's poor, stood against racial discrimination and, during WW2, traveled abroad to visit U.S. troops. Throughout Franklin D. Roosevelt's presidency, Eleanor traveled extensively around the nation, visiting relief projects, surveying working and living conditions, and then reporting her observations to the President. She provided objective information to her husband. When the Japanese attacked Pearl Harbor and the United States entered WW2, she made certain that the President did not abandon the goals he had put forth in the New Deal. She also exercised her own political and social influence. In conclusion i believe...
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...women and women at war • With younger women directed to factories, and older women encouraged to volunteer in organisations such as the Women’s Voluntary Service, women played a key role in the war • From 1940 women were directed into sectors of the economy where there was a shortage of labour (eg. shipyards, docks, factories and hospitals) • By the end of 1943, 50% of all factory workers were women • Also, by the end of 1943, 80% of married women were working as well as playing their role in the household • Average earnings for women almost doubled from 1938 – 1945 • Over 500,000 women served in the auxiliary branches of the armed forces • Women employed in industry, commerce and the armed forces rose by 50% to 2 ¼ million by 1943 • Overall, 1 ¼ million men and women volunteered in the war by July 1940 • The National Service Act (December 1941) conscripted unmarried women into the Force’s Auxiliary Corps • However, despite the war giving women more money, greater status and independence, it did not bring around equal pay • After WW1 most women gave up their wartime jobs, however after WW2 a much higher percentage of women kept their jobs • Moreover, sexual relationships flourished / increased over the war period Social levelling and breaking down of class barriers • One of the main aspects of WW2 was social mobility • Conscription was introduced in September 1940 (men aged 18 to 41) • By mid 1941, the army, navy and air force had...
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...The Advancement of Women Tammy Phillips HIS 204 Instructor Vera Parham January 8, 2014 The Advancement of Women Through History Women’s Rights have grown stronger through the years. Women have gone from being seen and not heard to having a voice, supporting war multiple war efforts, and becoming politicians. In the landmark case of Roe verses Wade gave women the right to own their own body with the decision of whether or not to have an abortion. Women were battling for equality as well as the right to vote. This suffrage was a long drawn out battle through the years but finally was won. Women’s roles during all three wars, the Spanish American War, World War I, and World War II, included nurses, clerical positions, and they back filled spouse’s duties at home. A “New Woman came about in the 1920s as women changed their attitude along with hair, make-up and attitude. All of the progressions were won due to persistence. Women have played a significant throughout the wars in America, not just stateside but abroad. “The Spanish-American War created a substantial need for military nurses” (Small, 1998). Dr Anita Newcomb McGee became the nurse’s bureau chief. This was the first time contract nurses were hired to in military hospital. In September 1918, 1,100 nurses were serving in the United and overseas. During World War I women were allowed to serve in non-nursing positions performing clerical duties. 34,000 women served in the military and 10,000 served as...
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...differences between family systems in East Asia and the United States? Explain each. 1. Confucian values- places emphasis on loyalty and obedience to the group and its leader, where the United states has individualism 2. Gender Inequality- In east asia there is a patrinlean and multi-generational system, with the inheritence rights traveling down the male line, where in united states its bi-lateral and emphasis is placed on nuclear family. 3. Demographic Transition- Change from high fertility high mortality to a low fertility and mortality rates causing an aging population. Same in US but there is more immigration to the US which helps keep it more age balanced. How did the Japanese religious tradition view women? What roles were available to them? Confucian values states that women were inferior to men and theat they were to obey men. Buddhism states that women would not acheieve salvation and were inferior, Buddhism perceived women as inferior and an obstacle for men to achieve Nirvana. Religious...
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...The last key force was America’s involvement in War, which in the short term provided American women with work opportunity typically reserved for males, also paving the way for second wave feminism. Many women began working outside the home for the first time When America entered WWI in 1917, a male labour shortage, meant that women took over traditional male roles while they were at war. The Woman's Land Army of America, brought over 20,000 women to rural America, these "farmerettes" were paid wages equal to male farmers and an eight-hour working day protected them. 11,000 women, served abroad as nurses; others became ambulance drivers. For many, this provided an example of women mobilizing themselves. They challenged conventional thinking about gender roles which celebrated by many e.g. The Los Angeles Times proclaimed "farmettes" were “To turn new earth in history of the...
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...poorly represented within the Popeye cartoon. The character Olive Oyl was the symbol of femininity throughout the series. This research will analyse the representation of femininity through 'Popeye' and ideology behind the character Olive Oyl. Also looking on the semiology within the series that could of poorly represented women in the wartime and even women's capabilities. Everyone knows how the cartoon massively influenced spinach sales but what about the navy propaganda during the war or the representation of gender for the era? 'Popeye: The Sailor Man' was heavy influential in America during the Second World War. Americans felt Popeye was a strong representation of a 'true...
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...Nikki Perry Period 3 3/20/13 Effects of WW2 on minorities World War II brought about many socio-economic changes into the United States as it opened up new ways for the minorities as well as women to formally become part of the majority American society. For a long time African Americans, Native Americans (Indians), Mexican Americans, and women were treated differently compared to everyone else (white men) and not in a good way. World War II brought about a lot of changes including, more working opportunities and military opportunities for minorities. African Americans, Native Americans, Mexican Americans, and women were allowed to join the military although there were still some segregation and discrimination. African-Americans gained economic independence during WWII because of the job openings throughout the industry. African-American soldiers were welcomed into certain branches of the armed forces in this war, but, like other wars, there was discrimination and segregation. Soldiers still fought in segregated units throughout the war, but there were advances in the number of commissioned officers. Other forms of racism included barring African-Americans from the Marine Corps, Coast Guard, and Army Air Corps, and the Navy only allowed African-Americans as mess men. These conditions were not promising, and these policies have been called “Jim Crow military”. Some changes were made with the 1940 Selective Service Training Act which stated that all men between 18...
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...Stereotypes Vogue magazine is said to be the most influential fashion magazine worldwide with the number of 11,265,000 of total audience. 88% of the audience are women, in particular women with above average income and higher education. Even though the pages overflow with glamour and luxury, the magazine is highly appreciated by women with average income, too (Nast,C.). For some Vogue can be a reality, for the less lucky it means the possibility to dream. It is a highly intellectual magazine as well, as it responds to current socio-political issues and promotes the cross connection of fashion and politics. With a vast audience comes great responsibility of those behind the creation and edition of the magazine. After all, fashion is a tool of communication that sets roles and promotes ideas and participates at the formation of its followers. A lot of criticism was ascribed to Vogue as a promoter of unrealistically perfect bodies and flawless visages that reinforce our stereotypes of what beauty consists of and what not. Nevertheless, besides the magazine's promotion of stereotypical beauty, at the same time other stereotypes are being attacked and broken down by the Vogue magazine. Vogue is mainly a collection of photoshopping ads of luxury products and models that do not capture reality but stereotypical representation of women. According to some readers, listing through the photographic essays, one is being transported into a dream-like world. The fantasy, the fairy-tale models...
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...To what extent did women’s status improve in Nazi Germany? Hitler had a very clear idea of women’s role; she was the centre of family life, a housewife and the mother. Their job was to keep the house nice for their husband and family – their lives should revolve round the three ‘ks’, church, children and cooking. This ideal was based around Hitler wanting to achieve his long held goal of Lebensraum to increase the German Aryan population. Strasser argues that ‘National Socialism intended to restore the natural order, and states that this was to accord women the respect they deserved as mothers and housewives’, therefore improving their status. However Carey argues that women’s position did not improve and “throughout the civil war women endured horrific human rights violations...women were raped tortured, and killed.” To a greater extent, it is more credible to argue that women’s status did not improve in Nazi Germany because they were fixed with a specific role of being a housewife and breeding children and women who did not fit the German ideal were persecuted. Word count: Cumulative word count: Married women benefitted as they were rewarded with incentives, such as loans. This is evident through the Law for the Encouragement of Marriage which was passed in July 1933. This enabled ‘newlyweds to take out a loan of 1000 marks’, with the agreement that for every child they had from this point onward they would not have to pay back 25% of the loan. This meant that if...
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...Our first President eloquently stated the rationale for national service: "... it must be laid down as a primary position and the basis of our (democratic) system, that every citizen who enjoys the protection of a free Government owes not only a proportion of his property, but even his personal service to the defense of it.” George Washington’s statement makes explicit the social contract inherent in US citizenry: to enjoy our nation’s freedoms requires we as citizen’s to bear personal responsibility for defending them. And yet, today, while our nation continues to fight war on several fronts and must regularly contemplate new military interventions and increased domestic threats, less than 0.5 percent of our population serves in our armed forces. (Eikenberry & Kennedy) Futhermore, this minute percentage “ ... is disproportionately composed of racial, ethnic, and other demographic minorities.” (Kennedy) In part because of this gross disparity, few americans are forced shoulder any true sacrifice from our military actions. Not only is the familial sacrifice of having a loved one serve no longer widespread but the majority of us bear not the tanglible daily realization of being at war that past generations have known, including materials rationing. Even anti-war protests—like those that were a hallmark of our Vietnam War era—are less visible since we have moved to an all volunteer army. This lack of respresentational and fair accountability on our citizenry...
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...HIS 104 Key Terms * Thirteenth Amendment * The amendment to the US Constitution that abolished slavery. The abolishment of slavery was the final blow to the South during the civil war and was an attempt to secure the future of the nation by making sure that the institution of slavery, which was the ultimate cause of the civil war, could never cause a civil war in the US ever again. This was the first time slavery was mentioned in the Constitution * Fourteenth Amendment * The amendment to the US Constitution during the reconstruction period that promised civil rights to everyone, including persons of color. This amendment elevated former slaves to the same status as everyone else. * Fifteenth Amendment * An amendment to the US Constitution during the reconstruction period that prohibited states from denying men the right to vote on the grounds of race or color. This amendment allowed black men to vote in the United States. * Henry Ford * Inventor of the Model-T car during the industrial revolution. Changed American culture * Scientific Management * Also known as Taylorism, a new method of assembly line production, making factories more efficient during the American Industrial Revolution, designed by Frederick Taylor. The first person to use this method was Henry Ford for the Model-T car. * Thomas Edison * The inventor of the light bulb. This changed the life of many Americans, as it eventually led to the rise...
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...When a girl becomes a teenager, her mother rewards her with plastic surgery so she can look more “caucasian” (Hidayat). The previous statement was written about young asian women in Japan and Korea. Nina Hidayat wrote an article about the expectations and body image issues for young women in Asia. When people think about body image, they only think of the US. Not many people think about how those in other countries have the same issues we do. Studies show that the more reality television a young girl watches, the more likely she is to find appearance important (Web 1). The media plays a large role in how women perceive body image and themselves (ie, magazines, internet, television, etc). The results said peers predict the negative outcomes...
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...in a chaotic and disrupted age. She raises the question of whether “subjective perception can locate a unifying truth of the subject beyond the sphere of social and economic conflict.”(Katz 235) Therefore, the adaptation of multiple perspectives emphasizes personal experience over objective appearance. Furthermore, it presents a distinctive reaction to the social and historical context each character encounters. In Jacob’s Room, for example, the life of Jacob Flanders is reported by the women he was acquainted with. Over 150 characters, some of them are unnamed, contribute to creating an image of the deceased Jacob through the impressions he had on them (Goldman 50-51). Therefore, Jacob’s subjectivity is undermined, since he has an absent role in the novel, giving space for other characters to produce a pluralized subjective description of him. This multiplicity of views weakens the possibility of creating a unified concept of realism. In addition, Woolf challenges the conventions of writing novels by using a poetic form that is simultaneous, repetitive, and rhythmic, and emphasizes subjectivity. Many of Woolf’s novels deal with the link between art and life either in a direct commentary or by means of characterization. On one hand, there are novels that are sought to parody certain genres. Night and Day, for example, can be read as a satire on Victorian novels that sentimentalize romance, courtship and marriage. According to Whitworth, Katharina is aware of “traditional courtship...
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