...The “N-Word” The use of the “n-word” in hip-hop culture and among the Black community has continually caused turmoil between groups who believe that is a form of liberation and those who believe that it is continuing the oppression that the minority is already faced with. In history, there have been many groups of people who have been discriminated against, and labeled with a derogatory term by a higher power. Any group of individuals around the world has been represented by terms such as these. What many fail to recognize is that these terms are only words, and only carry weight and charge because as a society we allow them to. The appropriation of the “n-word” within the hip-hop and black community has lessened the charged of the word while allowing the community, whether an individual agrees to use it or not, to acknowledge the history of the word and still live outside of its shadow in the present. According to the Merriam-Webster dictionary the word “nigger: is defined as “a black person,” and “members of any dark-skinned race” (Himma 512). Obviously, this definition seems oppressive as it is a racial slur toward a particular race, and has come under much controversy for not being changed. The NAACP has even suggested that it be redefined, but to no avail. The dictionary makes similar attacks toward gay men, defining them as “faggots” (Himma 512). The debate for that and other slurs that appear in this dictionary are all the same, and will bring up more controversy...
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...Arguments for & Against the Usage of the “N” Word When discussing the definition, effects, and the history behind the “N” word, it is interesting how this word has managed to change over time from having a descriptive meaning, to a negative connotation, and to a positive controversial meaning. That is why there are those who believe that the “N” word should and should not be used, and there are those that believe that only some (or the accepted ones) should use it in order to avoid conflicts. This essay will go over some of the argument against and in favor of the usage of the “N” word. Starting with arguments against, the older black gentlemen in the first couple of videos believe that using the word is reverting back into history (slavery, discrimination, and segregation) from an offensive use. In other words, why would you want to use the “N” word, when it was used to refer to blacks in a derogatory sense? Shouldn’t it be viewed offensively? It is understandable from their point of view because they actually lived and felt what it was like to be referred to with the “N” word, when the “N” word had a very derogatory and negative connotation. There are those, a black male and female from Stanford University, who believe that it can be used, but it should not be used so frequently in rap music. In other words, is kind of like using “S!@#T and B!@#H” all the time; is not about the meaning of the word in itself anymore, but the frequent usage of profanity in their lyrics. There...
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...Vernitski A project submitted in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the Degree of Bachelor of Science with Honours in Mathematics University of Essex Colchester, Essex April 2015 Contents Abstract 4 Dedication 4 Acknowledgments 4 Introduction 5 The history of Knot theory 5 Brief history of knot theory 5 Development of the Knot Theory in Physics 7 Counting knots 9 The modern knot theory 12 Defining a Knot 14 Wild Knot 15 Definition of a Knot 16 Differentiating Knots 18 Orientation 18 Knot arithmetic 19 Modular arithmetic 20 Equivalence relation 21 Additivity Property 22 Multplicitivy Property 23 Knot Invariants 24 Reidmeister moves 24 Fox colouring 26 Dehn Colouring 28 Alexander-Briggs colourings 30 Implications of knot colourings 31 Other Knot invariants 31 The linking number 31 Quandles and Racks 35 Brief history about the Rack and Quandle invariant 35 Kei 36 Quandle 37 Racks 38 Definition 38 Examples of racks 39 Important definition of Racks 42 The free product. 42 The Cartesian product. 42 The disjoint union 42 Orbits and stabilizers of racks. 43 The operator group 43 The associated group 43 Bibliography 46 Abstract This project narratively examines the history of the knot theory, its invariants and the theory of arc-colouring. This project will begin by providing a chronological history of the knot theory. It will show how the theory of knots originated from attempts to...
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...applicable to linear networks NVA gives you a process for obtaining n equations in n unknowns. The unknowns are the node voltages. Once you have the node voltages, you can find any voltage or current anywhere in the circuit. Process: (Note the key words to remember each step.) 1. Draw Draw the circuit diagram indicating all element and source values. 2. Label Label a reference node, usually ground or a node with the most branches. Then label a node voltage for all the other nodes in the circuit. You must recall the definition of a node voltage: It is the voltage of the node with respect to the reference node. It is not the same thing as the voltage across a branch. In general, the voltage across a branch between nodes 1 and 2will be the difference of the two node voltages on either side: v12 = v1 – v2 3. Dependant Write the controlling quantity of any dependant source in terms of node voltages. You will need to look for the controlling quantity in the circuit to do this. 4. Super Identify all the supernodes. Then write the voltage of the source inside the supernode in terms of the node voltages on either side. You must recall the definition of a supernode: It is any voltage source with the two nodes on either side of it considered as one big node. Note: Any equations that you get in this step will be part of the n equations. 5. Kirchoff Apply KCL to each node/supernode that...
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...L3 with length less than 9 characters (note: ‘w’ is a meta symbol). 4. (7 pts.) Given the alphabet {xyz abc}, give a recursive definition for the language whose words do not contain the string xyzxyz. Notes: a. Treat ‘xyz’ and ‘abc’ as single letters (i.e. atomic tokens that cannot be decomposed). b. This must be a constructive definition (i.e. in the definition, you cannot say what is not in the language. That is, the definition cannot use constructs like: ‘not,’, ≠, +. Also you cannot use exponents in the meta variable: w+,w2. You can use repeated variables, ww or multiple variables w, x. These same constraints apply to all of the remaining recursive questions. Basically, they should look similar to Questions 2 and 3 above. 5. (7 pts.) Given the alphabet {xyz abc}, give a recursive definition for the language whose words contain the string xyzxyz (note: there are an infinite number of words in this language, same constraints as in Question 4. 6. (10 pts.) Let L = {x yy xxy} Which of the following strings are in L*, which are not? Show why you answered yes or no. a. yyxxxy, b. xyyyxxyy, c. xyyxyyxxxyy, d. yyxyyxxyxy, e. yyxyyxxyyy 7. (5 pts.) Consider the language S*, where S = {p q} a. How many words does this language have of length 2? List them. b. How many words does this language have...
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...400 Must-Have Words for the TOEFL® This page intentionally left blank. 400 Must-Have Words for the TOEFL® LYNN STAFFORD-YILMAZ LAWRENCE J. ZWIER MCGRAW-HILL New York Chicago San Francisco • Lisbon London • Madrid • Mexico City • Milan • New Delhi San Juan • Seoul • Singapore • Sydney • Toronto • • Copyright © 2005 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. Manufactured in the United States of America. Except as permitted under the United States Copyright Act of 1976, no part of this publication may be reproduced or distributed in any form or by any means, or stored in a database or retrieval system, without the prior written permission of the publisher. 0-07-146707-6 The material in this eBook also appears in the print version of this title: 0-07-144328-2. All trademarks are trademarks of their respective owners. Rather than put a trademark symbol after every occurrence of a trademarked name, we use names in an editorial fashion only, and to the benefit of the trademark owner, with no intention of infringement of the trademark. Where such designations appear in this book, they have been printed with initial caps. McGraw-Hill eBooks are available at special quantity discounts to use as premiums and sales promotions, or for use in corporate training programs. For more information, please contact George Hoare, Special Sales, at george_hoare@mcgraw-hill.com or (212) 904-4069. TERMS OF USE This is a copyrighted work and The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. (“McGraw-Hill”)...
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...NEED MORE TOEFL MATERIALS?? Go Here: http://www.yosite.ru 400 Must-Have Words for the TOEFL® This page intentionally left blank. 400 Must-Have Words for the TOEFL® LYNN STAFFORD-YILMAZ LAWRENCE J. ZWIER MCGRAW-HILL New York Chicago San Francisco • Lisbon London • Madrid • Mexico City • Milan • New Delhi San Juan • Seoul • Singapore • Sydney • Toronto • • Copyright © 2005 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. Manufactured in the United States of America. Except as permitted under the United States Copyright Act of 1976, no part of this publication may be reproduced or distributed in any form or by any means, or stored in a database or retrieval system, without the prior written permission of the publisher. 0-07-146707-6 The material in this eBook also appears in the print version of this title: 0-07-144328-2. All trademarks are trademarks of their respective owners. Rather than put a trademark symbol after every occurrence of a trademarked name, we use names in an editorial fashion only, and to the benefit of the trademark owner, with no intention of infringement of the trademark. Where such designations appear in this book, they have been printed with initial caps. McGraw-Hill eBooks are available at special quantity discounts to use as premiums and sales promotions, or for use in corporate training programs. For more information, please contact George Hoare, Special Sales, at george_hoare@mcgraw-hill.com or (212)...
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...COLLECTION OF THEORY RELATED TO YOUR TASK | MODEL ESSAYS 1. MODEL ESSAY 1 I. VOCABULARY English words/phrases 1. Source: Definition (Eng) (Oxford, Cambridge, The free dictionary…) Definition (Vns) (Lac Viet, Vdict…) Synonym / related expression (if any) (The free dictionary…) Example (Oxford, Longman, Cambridge dictionary, The free dictionary, This model essay…) More information(Wikipedia…) 2. Note: If the words have more than 2 meanings, the bold words or phrases are ones that closely related to the context in our textbook Word/Phrase | Definition (Eng) | Definition (Vns) | Synonym / related expression (if any) | Example | More information | Provision (n) | 1. a condition or an arrangement in a legal document2. the act of supplying sb with sth that they need or want; sth that is suppliedhousing provision3.provision for sb/sth preparations that you make for sth that might or will happen in the future | 1.Điều khoản2. sựcungcấp3. Sựchuẩnbị, sựdựphòng | 1. condition, term, agreement, requirement, demand, rider, restriction, qualification, clause, reservation, specification, caveat,proviso, stipulation2.supplying, giving, providing, supply, delivery, distribution, catering, presentation, equipping, furnishing, allocation, fitting out,purveying, accoutrement3. arrangement, plan, planning, preparation, precaution, contingency, prearrangement | 1. Under the provisions of the lease, the tenant is responsible for repairs. 2. The government is responsible...
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...behavior? CHIP HEATH* AND SIM B. SITKLN Fuqua School of Business, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708, U.S.A. Summary This paper is an empirically grounded essay about the current stare of organizational behavior (GB) research and productive future directions. We report the results of a survey of GB scholars about the current importance of various research topics and their importance in an ideal world. We compare the survey responses with an archival analysis of papers published in leading GB journals over a 10-year period. We suggest that many of the topics that our respondents perceive to be ‘under researched’ can be summarized with one particular definition of GB that emphasizes organizing behavior. Considering all three definitions together, we highlight the limitations of the traditional (Big-B and Contextualized-B) definitions and discuss the benefits of a more organizational (Big-O) approach. Copyright ~ 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. Introduction The purpose of this empirical essay is to be provocative. This paper is empirical in that it surveys leading organizational hehavior (GB) scholars to identify which topics they believed are currently important in the field and which should be important in an ‘ideal’ world and we compared their responses to an archival analysis of papers published in leading GB journals over a 10 year period. However, the paper is an essay because it is less like a traditional theory-building or theory-testing study, and more like an empirically...
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...between the function F evaluated X and its limit L is strictly less than epsilon.” The John's first reading was fluid. He used his background to transform the mathematical symbols into words, phrases, sentences, and finally in statements. For example, the string of letters lim was read as limit. He was able to combine his linguistic and mathematical resources...
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...competition, and achieving customer satisfaction. Included in this paper are definitions of marketing, and a personal definition. In addition, the importance of marketing in organizational success and world examples of organizations and their marketing practices are discussed. Definitions of marketing Marketing is a concept that is always growing and changing, and definitions of marketing seem to be written each day. Marketing is defined by a diverse collection of methods and definitions, based upon the businesses media platform and the audience that it reaches. Many marketers have different definitions of marketing. Marketers base their definitions on their business practices and what they do differently. One definition of marketing comes from the American Marketing Association (AMA). The AMA defines marketing as “the activities of processing and creating the communication, dispatching, and offering customer exchanges that benefit the partners, customers and society at large” (Cohen, 2011). A short and to the point definition comes from Jay Baer president of Convince and Convert, marketing is “the conveying of messages and actions causing messages and actions” (Cohen, 2011). Another definition of marketing and one this individual affirms is “the creation of satisfying and beneficial relationships between consumer and marketer through identifying a products worth with strategies and tactics.” This definition involves the customer and his or her interests. Any ethical reasoning...
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...The N-word dates back to the early 17th century, so why is it still such a big deal in literature, music and daily conversations? Joseph Henry Jackson once said, “Did you ever hear anyone say, ‘That work had better be banned because I might read it and it might be very damaging to me’?” Today s younger generation is far more comfortable with the N-word. It is often used in slang as a term of endearment or to show comfort and trust around someone. This often causes confusion in older generations and upsets them for the reason that they were raised in a time period where it was taught to use the N-word as a derogatory term to belittle someone’s humanity or social status in a community. The N-word, to some, is the ugliest racial slur created, and its purpose was to vilify African Americans. But to others, it is a reminder of the tumult their ancestors faced and how far they have come. In 1837, the “n-word” was already considered a huge slur when Hosea Easton wrote The Condition of Colored People of the United States: and the Prejudice Exercised Towards Them. He writes that the term would be perfectly harmless in theory, but instead, it is used with the intent to deliberately make African Americans feel inferior. The word has the same definition today, and that suggests that the word itself has not evolved at all from 1837 until now. Rather, people have evolved around the word and have become aware of the word’s...
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...The Strategy Concept I: Five Ps for Strategy* Human nature insists on a definition for every concept. The field of strategic management cannot afford to rely on a single definition of strategy, indeed the word has long been used implicitly in different ways even if it has traditionally been defined formally in only one. Explicit recognition of multiple definitions can help practitioners and researchers alike to maneuver through this difficult field. Accordingly, this article presents five definitions of strategy-as plan, ploy, pattern, position, and perspective-and considers some of their interrelationships. To almost anyone you care to ask, strategy is a plan-some sort of consciously intended course of action, a guideline (or set of guidelines) to deal with a situation. A kid has a "strategy" to get over a fence, a corporation has one to capture a market. By this definition, strategies have two essential characteristics: they are made in advance of the actions to which they apply, and they are developed consciously and purposefully. (They may, in addition, be stated explicitly, sometimes in formal documents known as "plans," although it need not be taken here as a necessary condition for "strategy as plan.") To Drucker, strategy is "purposeful action"', to Moore "design for action," in essence, "conception preceding actionn2 A host of definitions in a variety of fields reinforce this view. For example: in the military: Strategy is concerned with "draft[ing] the plan of war...
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...and Meanings 2.2 Language Construction . . . . 2.3 Recursive Transition Networks 2.4 Replacement Grammars . . . 2.5 Summary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19 19 20 22 26 32 3 Programming 3.1 Problems with Natural Languages . . . . 3.2 Programming Languages . . . . . . . . . 3.3 Scheme . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.4 Expressions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.4.1 Primitives . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.4.2 Application Expressions . . . . . 3.5 Definitions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.6 Procedures . . . . . . . . . . ....
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...Business and Law Faculty University Sunderland Managing Projects SIM 335 Name:Qinghua Chu ID: Date: 03/12/2013 Words: [pic] Question 2 (160 words): The activity network diagram is a method of displaying the timelines of all the various subtasks that are involved in any project.[1] Basically, two kinds of activities are required in the network diagram. There are activities in series and activities in parallel. For example, in the diagram of Question 1, Step A and Step B are activities in series and Step C, D, E and F are activities in parallel. For activities in series, Step B cannot start before step A finished. But for activities in parallel, like Step C, D, E and F, all of them are did at the same time. http://www.pmhut.com/critical-path-mapping-with-activity-network-diagrams [pic]G. 1 As G. 1, the first box on the top is Early start time(EST) and the next is Duration time(DUR). So EST plus DUR is the early finish time(EFT) and the EST in the next step as well. Last start time(LST) is different between Last finish time(LFT) and DUR. Total float(TR) between LST and LFT is LFT minus EST and DUR.[2][3] [2]http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_4m3tZ_TuTg [3]Project Management, Field and Keller (2007, p197, p198 and p391) Question 3: (Words: 136) Duration is the period required to complete an activity, job, or task, usually excluding holidays and other non-working days.[4] For example, in the activity C, duration is ‘10’ between...
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