...The Battle of Polygon Wood was a joint military operation during the First World War between seven divisions of the British and Australian allied forces, collectively. The battle was part of a greater military operation during the third Battle of Ypres (later known as the Battle of Passchendaele). The battle was lead by the 4th and 5th divisions of the Australian army and its objective was to advance over one-thousand metres to seize a major portion of the German defensive line and to secure the remainder of Polygon Wood. The attack resulted in roughly thirteen-thousand German casualties and caused the injury and death of over 20,000 British and Australian soldiers combined. The following will discuss the objectives, events and significance of the Battle of Polygon Wood, and the extent to...
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...CCHU9026 - Cultures of Violence: Making Sense of the Human Fighting Instinct Individual Essay The autobiography Kitchener's Last Volunteer: The Life of Henry Allingham, the Oldest Surviving Veteran of the Great War is picked for this essay to express an analytical and critical view about the oldest World War I soldier – Henry Allingham. The autobiography depicts the life of this veteran and his achievements in detailed and is co-authored by Dennis Goodwin, the founder the First World War Veterans' Association, who helped more than 200 veterans to produce their self-portrayal. Henry William Allingham was a First World War veteran and also the 12th-verified oldest man alive in the world. However, he passed away one month after receiving the...
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...Kids: Grandpa can you please tell us another of your stories? Grandpa: Again with you boys? how many times do i have to tell you this story? Kids: please Grandpa, One last time. Grandpa: ok fine, which one do u want to know Sam: vimy ridge. Arthur: No, no tell us the battle of Passchendaele Sam: no I hate that one. Grandpa: ok, ok calm down, i can only tell you one story tonight. Sam: can you tell us ypres then? Arthur: yeah i love that one, with all the Canadian Soldiers. Grandpa: ok guys for the last time here it is. Grandpa: In the first week of April 1915, the Canadian troops were moved from their quiet sector to a bulge in the Allied line in front of the City of Ypres. This was the famed—or notorious—Ypres Salient, where the British and Allied line pushed into the German line in a concave bend. The Germans held the higher ground and were able to fire into the Allied trenches from the north, the south and the east. On the Canadian right were two British divisions, and on their left a French division, the 45th (Algerian). Sam: then what happened Grandpa: on April 22, the Germans sought to remove the Salient by introducing a new weapon, poison gas. Following an intensive artillery bombardment, they released 160 tons of chlorine gas from cylinders dug into the forward edge of their trenches into a light northeast wind. As thick clouds of yellowgreen chlorine drifted over their trenches the French defences crumbled, and the troops, completely bemused by this terrible ...
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...World War I began on August 4th, 1914. The war was anticipated to be finished by Christmas, however, it unexpectedly lasted for more than four years - finally ending on November 11th, 1918. The war was fought between two sides: The Central Powers, which included Germany, Austria-Hungary, and Turkey, and The Triple Entente (Allies), which included France, Russia, and Great Britain. During this war, 9 million soldiers 20 million civilians tragically lost their lives. Causes of World War I There were several factors that led to the outbreak of World War I. Some of these factors include: Intense competition to obtain the largest army and navy between fearful countries. Increasing issues regarding trade. Different empires wanted land in...
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...the Nazi Party). He was chancellor of Germany from 1933 to 1945, and dictator of Nazi Germany (as Führer und Reichskanzler) from 1934 to 1945. Hitler is commonly associated with the rise of fascism in Europe, World War II, and the Holocaust. A decorated veteran of World War I, Hitler joined the German Workers' Party, precursor of the Nazi Party, in 1919, and became leader of the NSDAP in 1921. In 1923 he attempted a coup d'état, known as the Beer Hall Putsch, in Munich. The failed coup resulted in Hitler's imprisonment, during which time he wrote his memoir, Mein Kampf (My Struggle). After his release in 1924, Hitler gained support by promoting Pan-Germanism, anti-Semitism, and anticommunism with charismatic oratory and Nazi propaganda. After his appointment as chancellor in 1933, he transformed the Weimar Republic into the Third Reich, a single-party dictatorship based on the totalitarian and autocratic ideology of Nazism. His avowed aim was to establish a New Order of absolute Nazi German hegemony in continental Europe. Hitler's foreign and domestic policies had the goal of seizing Lebensraum ("living space") for the Germanic people. He oversaw the rearmament of Germany and the invasion of Poland by the Wehrmacht in September 1939, which led to the outbreak of World War II in Europe. Under Hitler's direction, in 1941 German forces and their European allies occupied most of Europe and North Africa. These gains were gradually reversed after 1941, and in 1945 the Allied armies defeated...
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...World War I Introduction World War One was a time of struggle for the World. A Time for Great Famine. Many factors lead to great tensions in Europe, sparking the need for a war. This war, otherwise known as 'The Great War', occurred in 1914 until 1918. It had many famous battles, such as The Battle Of The Somme, a battle of many casualties, especially for the British. The war was mainly fought between the members of the Triple Alliance (Germany, Austria-Hungary, and Italy) and the members of The Triple Entente (Great Britain, France, and Russia). Eventually, countries such as the USA joined in. Rivalries between countries, arguments over empires, an arms race are the causes of the European tensions that lead to the war. A cause thought to spark the war was the shooting of Archduke Franz Ferdinand, next in line to the Austro-Hungarian throne, by a Serbian terrorist in Bosnia. This caused the World War One. This War was the fulfillment of the Prophecies spoken by our Lord Jesus Christ. As Jesus was sitting on the Mount of Olives, the disciples came to him privately. “Tell us,” they said, “when will this happen, and what will be the sign of your coming and of the end of the age?” Jesus answered: “Watch out that no one deceives you. For many will come in my name, claiming, ‘I am the Messiah,’ and will deceive many. You will hear of wars and rumors of wars, but see to it that you are not alarmed. Such things must happen, but the end is still to come. Nation will rise against...
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...central figure of World War II in Europe and the Holocaust. Hitler was a decorated veteran of World War I. He joined the precursor of the NSDAP, the German Workers' Party, in 1919 and became leader of the NSDAP in 1921. In 1923, he attempted a coup in Munich to seize power. The failed coup resulted in Hitler's imprisonment, during which time he dictated his autobiography and political manifesto Mein Kampf ("My Struggle"). After his release in 1924, Hitler gained popular support by attacking the Treaty of Versailles and promoting Pan-Germanism, anti-Semitism, and anti-communism with charismatic oratory and Nazi propaganda. Hitler frequently denounced international capitalism and communism as being part of a Jewish conspiracy. Hitler's Nazi Party became the largest elected party in the German Reichstag, leading to his appointment as chancellor in 1933. Following fresh elections won by his coalition, the Reichstag passed the Enabling Act, which began the process of transforming the Weimar Republic into Nazi Germany, a one-party dictatorship based on the totalitarian and autocratic ideology of National Socialism. Hitler aimed to eliminate Jews from Germany and establish a New Order to counter what he saw as the injustice of the post-World War I international order dominated by Britain and France. His first six years in power resulted in rapid economic recovery from the Great Depression, the effective abandonment of restrictions imposed on Germany after World War I, and the annexation...
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...Course Study Notes: hsctutoringnotes@outlook.com MODERN HISTORY Topics World War One Germany Albert Speer The Cold War 1 Course Study Notes: hsctutoringnotes@outlook.com World War One Themes War on the Western Front Home Fronts in Britain and Germany Turning Points of the War The Allied Victory 2 Course Study Notes: hsctutoringnotes@outlook.com War on the Western Front Reasons for the development of the Stalemate A stalemate is an end of a war movement. It refers to the deadlock resulting from high levels of defence. The stalemate developed from four major reasons: i. The Faults of the Schlieffen Plan ii. The Faults of Plan XVII iii. Problems with Communications and Tactics iv. Problems with the High Command • The Faults in • There was an incredible reliance on speed – quick defeat of the France and a slow response by Russia Schlieffen • Unexpectedly strong resistance by Belgian forces – sabotaged Plan railway lines • Strong resistance from French • Troops were diverted from the West to the Eastern front • The “hammer swing” was shortened, so they approached Paris from the East which was expected • The Treaty of London was disregarded as a scrap of paper • Germans weren’t adequately trained for modern warfare strategies • The Faults in • French underestimated number of soldiers available to Plan XVII Germany • French were preoccupied with revenge for Alsace-Lorraine • Insufficient forces were given to the French...
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...extent, the Mongols allowed Russians to maintain their way of life: - Slavic based languages including writing system (Cyrillic) - Orthodox religion The Russians adopted much from Asian culture and this led western Europeans to think less of the Russians Geographically Russia was isolated from the rest of Europe: - Entirely land locked (mostly) - Huge Plains of Eastern Europe prevented overland travel During these early years there were a series of muscovite princes based in Moscow and called themselves Tsars. By the 17th century the Romanov family became the ruling dynasty: - Alexander I (1801-1825) - Nicholas I (1825-1855) - Alexander II (1855-1881) - Alexander III (1881-1894) - Nicholas II (1894-1917) Under the rule of Peter the Great (1689-1728) Russia grew greatly in size and entered the European World www.ibscrewed.org The Russia of 1800 was one of the greatest autocracies in Europe where: - The Tsar’s rule was absolute - There was a small, but powerful landowning elite - The vast majority of the population existed in a state called serfdom Serfdom: refers to the legal and economic status of peasants (serf). In Russia Serfdom practically equaled slavery - In 1646, landowners registered peasants living on their land. From then they are considered property of the estate. - Serfs could not leave the estates...
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