...Youngstown Products: Youngstown Products, a supplier to the automotive industry, had seen its operating margins shrink below 20% as its OEM customers put continued pressure on pricing. Youngstown produced fours products in its plant and decided to eliminate products that no longer contributed positive margins. Details on the fours products are provided below: | A | B | C | D | T otal | Production Volume Units | 10,000 | 8,000 | 6,000 | 4,000 | | Selling Price | $15.00 | $18.00 | $20.00 | $22.00 | | Materials/Unit | $4.00 | $5.00 | $6.00 | $7.00 | | DLH/unit | 0.24 | 0.18 | 0.12 | 0.08 | | Total DLH | 2,400 | 1,440 | 720 | 320 | 4,880 | | | | | | | Plant Overhead | $122,000 | | | | | DL rate/hour | $30/ hr | | | | | Note: DLH is Direct Labor Hours. Plant overhead is total overhead, treated as a fixed cost. Youngstown has a traditional cost system. It calculates a plant-wide overhead rate by dividing total overhead costs by total direct labor hours. Assume, for the calculations to be made below, that plant overhead is a committed (fixed) cost during the year, but that direct labor is a variable cost. 1. Calculate the plant-wide overhead rate. Use this rate to assign overhead costs to products and calculate the profitability for the four products. You will need to create an excel spreadsheet or working paper to show your calculations and formulas. 2. If any product is unprofitable with this cost...
Words: 304 - Pages: 2
...Unit 9 Assignment 1 Geology of the Area Mill Creek Park, located in southern Mahoning County Ohio, is as area of approximately 4,400 acres. It was founded in 1891 by a local attorney. Some parks are founded based on natural features such as the Grand Canyon. Mill Creek Park was founded by purchasing large tracts of private lands. The natural features of the park consist of streams, deep ravines, valleys, and plains. The lakes at the park are man-made. Certain areas of the park reveal geological formations of the Mississippian and Pennsylvanian divisions of the Carboniferous era of geological time frame. These eras were From 350 million to 300 million years ago. Originally, the area was at the bottom of an ancient ocean. Over millions of years the land surface changed and plant life formed in higher areas. As the sea flooded into low areas, swamps and bogs were formed. Eventually, trees and plants fell into the water and decayed. The decaying matter was buried by sand and clay. The pressure caused by the weight of the decaying matter formed fossils and coal. The main type of rock found in Mill Creek Park is sedimentary. Sandstone cliffs are visible throughout the park as well as shale. The sandstone shows signs of weathering as yellow and reddish brown streaks are visible. Fossils of plant life can found near Lanterman Bridge. Coal and iron ore are also present in the park. The effects of the Ice Age can be seen at the area of present...
Words: 331 - Pages: 2
...Making Phar-Mor, Phar-Less Phar-Mor was a private company that was in the super-giant drug chain business. It had achieved exponential growth and was already being compared to Wal-Mart as one of the great American success stories. The company had grown in just seven years (1985-1992) from just a few stores to hundreds. Sales went from literally nothing to over $3 billion. The founders had become pillars of their communities owning sports teams and contributing substantially to local charities. Ultimately it turned out that the company was engaged in a massive fraud with literally all senior management involved in funneling misinformation to investors. Those personnel including the president and Chief Operating Officer, Mickey Monus, the CFO and all of the internal audit staff, misinformation was also given to the accountants, the creditors and debt holders as well as everyone else in the outside world that had anything to do with the financial side of Phar-Mor. Class action lawsuits were filed against the company by investors and ([127]) creditors while the accountants, Coopers and Lybrand were named under the Federal anti-fraud provisions of section 10b of the Securities Exchange Act and additional actions were commenced by the State of Pennsylvania under their statutes. The company went under in one of the biggest bankruptcies in U.S. history of a private company. Five hundred million was lost by debt-holders and creditors, management was assessed a total of $1 million...
Words: 7146 - Pages: 29
...Ch 2 - The court System Research the following landmark cases and write brief description of each in your own words. Explain whether you agree with the decision reached by the court. Powers of the President 1952 - Youngstown Sheet & Tube Company v. Sawyer In 1952, after the employees of steel companies threatened to strike, the President of the United States Harry Truman (President Truman) ordered the Secretary of Commerce to seize the Nation’s steel companies. The steel companies sued. 1974 - United State v. Nixon The special prosecutor in the Watergate scandal subpoenaed tape recordings made of President Nixon (the “President”) discussing the scandal with some of his advisers. The President claimed executive privilege as his basis for refusing to turn over the tapes....
Words: 487 - Pages: 2
...Justice Jackson’s framework of presidential powers laid out in the Youngstown Sheet & Tube Co. v. Sawyer case discusses three situations and the level of power the president possesses in accordance to said situations. The first of these regards when the President “acts pursuant to an express or implied authorization of Congress” at which point his power is at its highest. The second situation is when the President “acts in absence of either Congressional grant or denial of authority” in which case he must rely upon his own independent powers. However, there is a gray area in this scenario in which he and Congress may have “concurrent authority or in which its distribution is uncertain.” The third situation regards when the President “takes measures incompatible with the expressed or implied will of Congress…for...
Words: 863 - Pages: 4
...Nate Higgins Assignment 1 1/31/14 College Performance-Based Funding Ohio is taking an aggressive approach to reshape the higher education funding system. The current system in place bases college funding on the amount of students attending the college. The new system Governor Kasich is trying to put in place would have funding be completely reliant on the colleges graduation rate, or “performance”. The system has been up for debate for years. This performance-based system has been attempted before inside the United States with minimal success. There is about a 350 million dollar budget that needs to be dispersed fairly throughout the state, and Governor Kasich strongly believes that funding based on performance provides enough incentives for colleges and students to strive for success. Kasich devised a committee of the higher education leaders of Ohio. The governor appointed E. Gordon Gee, former president of Ohio Sate University, to lead the charge to redesign the college funding system in Ohio. Roderick J. McDavis, the president of Ohio University, completely supports the new system in his article “Higher Education Funding: Getting the Complete Picture”. The title contradicts the article itself because McDavis gives far from “the complete picture”. The performance-based system put in place by Ohio representatives needs some adjusting before there could be any level of success. The performance-based system was designed so it would help acquire funding for all...
Words: 1577 - Pages: 7
...1- Hydraulic fracturing (also known as hydrofracking, fracking, fracing, or fraccing) is a water-intensive industrial process that drillers use to collect the natural gas held in shale formations. Shale gas has become an increasingly important energy resource in the U.S. As for Europe it is being use primarily in central Europe going eastward and on up. In South America it is primarily in central part. 2- Natural gas is already a critical part of America’s energy portfolio and consequently a critical part of the country’s economic growth. Not only does natural gas provide over 25 percent of electricity generation, natural gas, and other gases extracted from natural gas provide a feedstock for fertilizers, chemicals and pharmaceuticals, waste treatment, food processing, fueling industrial boilers, and much more. Although natural gas prices in the United States have historically been volatile, the abundance of shale gas brings the possibility of low, stable prices. North America has approximately 4.2 quadrillion (4,244 trillion) cubic feet of recoverable natural gas that would supply 175 years worth of natural gas at current consumption rates. Further, the National Petroleum Council estimates that fracking will allow 60 percent to 80 percent of all domestically drilled wells during the next 10 years to remain viable. The abundance of natural gas makes the United States an attractive place to do business, especially for energy-intensive industries. In what could be a growing...
Words: 456 - Pages: 2
...apportionment, and that whatever the Constitution says must be followed. One cannot simply just create meaning from the words. Although the lower courts have decided for the plaintiff in this case, if it was to go on appeal and head to the Supreme Court, the case will likely be reversed. Question III: Separation of Power’s The question in this case is if the district court can hear the case based upon the separation of powers. Under Article II the executive (our President) has authority over foreign policy. However, the President must still act within the law. Youngstown Sheet & Tube Co. v. Sawyer is a case that looks at how far the President’s power extends without express constitutional or statutory authority. In Youngstown, Steelworkers after prolonged negotiations went on a nationwide strike during the Korean war. Truman ordered Sawyer to seize the steel mills and keep them running due to interest in steel production. Youngstown challenged the taking as an unconstitutional taking unauthorized by Congress. Congress had passed the Taft-Hartley Act which gave the President the authority to seek an injunction against such strikes, but had rejected an amendment to permit Government seizures to avoid serious shutdowns. Congress only has emergency powers enumerated under Article I. The courts held the President may not act under the aggregate of his constitutional powers to exercise a lawmaking power independent of Congress in order to protect serious national interests. The President’s...
Words: 714 - Pages: 3
...President Lincoln disagreed. During his time in office, Lincoln frequently acted unilaterally and insisted that as Commander in Chief he had this exclusive power, in addition to power to raise troops. He claimed that these presidential powers were necessary because Congress was not in session at the time and stated that his actions didn’t require “subsequent legislative ratification” (Gillman, 288). This is a clear representation of how Congress limited the authority of the President’s executive branch in his decision to suspend habeas corpus and impose maritime law without congressional authority. Another key example of how Congress can limit the power of the executive branch would be Youngstown Sheet & Tube Co. v. Sawyer in 1952. In April of 1952, during the Korean War, President Truman issued an executive order for the seizure and operation of most of the nation’s steel mills to prevent a strike by the Unites Steel Workers of...
Words: 648 - Pages: 3
...Client Assessment. Adreanna S. Mendenhall Youngstown State University. Demographics. Deanna C. Cambridge-Booth is a 44-year-old African-American female, who resides alone on the west side of Youngstown. Ms. Booth is divorced, she has 2 children David age 21 and Alicia age 19, both are students in the cities local community college. Her relationship with her children is very good, she sees them often and attends her sons football games regularly. Ms. Booth is self-employed as a hair stylist at a local salon where she is part owner. Ms. Booth has been self-employed since 1994, and the sole support of her children since her divorce from her husband in 2000. Presenting problem. Ms. Booth is seeking treatment for her Bipolar and depression....
Words: 534 - Pages: 3
...368 Academy of Management Journal June Levy, P., & Pugh, D. Scaling and multivariate analysis in the study of organizational variables. Sociology, 1969, 3(2), 193-213. Litwin, G. H., & Stringer, R. A., Jr. Motivation and organizational climate. Boston: Harvard University Press, 1968. Mohr, L. B. Determinants of innovation in organizations. American Political Science Review, 1969, 63, 111-126. Palumbo, D. Power and role speciflcity in organization theory. Public Administration Review, 1969, 29, 237-248. Paolillo, J. G. Technological innovation in organizational R&D subsystems. Unpublished Ph.D. dissertation. University of Oregon, 1977. Paolillo, J. G., & Brown, W. B. How organizational factors affect R and D innovation. Research Management, 1978, 7, 12-15. Pritchard, R. D., & Karasick, B. W. The effects of organizational climate on managerial job performance and job satisfaction. Organizational Behavior and Human Performance, 1973, 9, 126-146. Rogers, E. M., & Eveland, J. D. Diffusion: Communication and innovation in organizations. In P. Kelly & M. Kranzbert (Eds.), Aspects of technological innovation. Atlanta: Advanced Technology and Science Studies, Georgia Institute of Technology, 1975, 301-368. Sapolsky, H. M. Organizational structure and innovation. The Journal of Business, 1967,40, 497-510. Vegso, R. W. Organizational characteristics that influence innovative behavior. Unpublished Ph.D. dissertation. University of Cincinnati, 1976. Zaltman, G., Duncan, R., & Holbeck, J...
Words: 3679 - Pages: 15
...United States Drug Sentencing for those who break the law Tina Kelson ENG122 Lesa Hadley April 4, 2011 United States Drug Sentencing for those who break the law In America today there is a big controversy with drug trafficking. What is drug trafficking? Drug trafficking is the sale and distribution of illegal drugs. What is obtaining dangerous drugs mean? The researcher found is intending to aid a person to obtain dangerous drugs and practice outside of their scope of practice. The topic the researcher has chosen is how to reduce drug trafficking in the United States. The author will focus on how drug dealers need to get harsher sentences then they do know and this may help reduce drug trafficking in the United States. The examiner has also determined that harsher sentencing is important factor in controlling to get the most serious drugs off the streets, for example, LSD, Heroin, and Cocaine. The researcher will conduct their analysis on harsher sentences for drug possessors, those who obtain dangerous drugs, and law enforcement agents who are charged with drug trafficking. Should those who possessed drugs or those who obtain illegal drugs and those who are involved bringing it across ours borders spend more time in prison then those who commit rape or rob a bank? America needs to impose tougher sentencing on those who chose to break the law and this will help reduce drug trafficking in America...
Words: 3555 - Pages: 15
...The philosophy behind HighScope is based on child development theory and research, originally drawing on the work of Jean Piaget and John Dewey. Since then, the HighScope Curriculum has evolved to include the findings of ongoing cognitive-developmental and brain research. David P. Weikart was an American psychologist and founder of the High/Scope Cognitively-Oriented Curriculum, an early childhood education program. Born in 1931, in Ohio. In 1949, David graduated from South High School in Youngstown. In 1953, Weikart graduated from the Oberlin College in Oberlin, Ohio, with a major in psychology and a minor in zoology. While attending college, Weikart worked as a counsellor and a program director at a YMCA camp in Rochester, New York. While teaching English and biology at Canfield High School in Ohio, Weikart began taking courses in education at Youngstown University in the spring of 1956. In the autumn ofthis year, Weikart enrolled in a University of Michigan joint PhD program in Education and Psychology. During his time at the University of Michigan, Weikart met his future wife, Phyllis Saxton. At that time, Phyllis was a master's candidate in the Department of Health and Physical Education. In 1957, David and Phyllis were married in Shelton, Connecticut. In 1957, Weikart began working part-time as a school psychologist for the Public Schools Michigan. At about the same time, Weikart and his wife began working in leadership positions at several summer camps until they founded...
Words: 1147 - Pages: 5
...Running head: CONSTRUCT AND SUPPORT AN ARGUMENT Construct and Support an Argument Paper University of Phoenix Construct and Support an Argument A master’s of Business in Administration is a detailed study of business management. The MBA program holds personal, educational, and future value to furthering careers. Obtaining an MBA, does not just include knowledge of management and leadership skills, but a specific concentration of your choice can be added to the degree, as well. For example, my future profession will deal mainly with accounting, so I am pursing my MBA with a concentration of accounting. Many different benefits come with obtaining an MBA: better opportunities in the career industry, higher salaries, getting the upper hand with more experienced employees with no education, and personal gratification. According to the University of Phoenix Jungian Personality Self-Assessment Library (2007), I was evaluated as INTP. The “What’s My Jungian 16-Type Personality,” considered me as…socially cautious, enjoy problem solving, and highly conceptual. The possible career choices were plastic surgeon, software designer, psychoanalyst, private investigator, financial analyst, mathematical, photographer (University of Phoenix Jungian Personality Self-Assessment Library, 2007). A higher education can only further your career with better opportunities in the workplace environment and increased salaries. More job opportunities will be available to those with educational...
Words: 1119 - Pages: 5
...ACCT 6273 Final Exam ACCT6273 Final Exam Click below link for Answers http://workbank247.com/q/acct-6273-final-exam-acct6273-final-exam/23159 http://workbank247.com/q/acct-6273-final-exam-acct6273-final-exam/23159 ACCT 6273 Final Exam 100 points, total. For partial credit, formulas and work, appropriately labeled, must be shown. There is no partial credit for multiple choice or true/false questions. 1. Lincoln Company manufactures and sells small electric heaters for homes and offices. The company’s income statement for the FY2014 is given below: Total Per unit Sales (30,000 units) $1,800,000 $60 Less variable expenses 1,440,000 48 Contribution margin 360,000 $12 Less fixed expenses 264,000 Net income $ 96,000 a. Compute the company’s break-even point in units. [8 points] * * * * * * * * * * Answer____________________ b. If Lincoln Company increases its price to $100, do you expect the breakeven point in units to be more or less than the number you calculated in question 1a above? Why? ...
Words: 1065 - Pages: 5
