Chapter 1 begins with a history of early China and a description of Huangdi, a mythical inventor and early Chinese hero who, supposedly, fought the first war over salt. Some of the earliest salt mines are found in Europe. There are records of the Chinese extracting salt from the ocean and trading it as early as 800 B.C. They would take ocean water in clay pots and boil the water off until there were only salt crystals. The Chinese, realizing that salt was rare, would tend to include salt in sauce
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The reason why humans first look for water when they travel to other new planets due to the fact that in order for living organisms to survive in those planets, there needs to be sources of water to sustain life on those planets. If humans can find water on a different planet, then they could make the claim that life could already be on these planets, or that life can be sustained on these planets. My evidence is that in order for life to be sustained on a planet, this planet must contain the six
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2.5.2 Apparent properties of FP emulsion The apparent properties of the FP emulsion were determined via simple observations and tests. 2.5.3 Zeta potential and particle size Zetasizer Nano ZS particle size analyzer (Malvern, UK) was used to measure the zeta potential, particle size, and the distribution of the FP emulsion. The particle size range of the microsphere was 5– 10 µm, and the microspheres should have good stability in the emulsion without coagulation. 2.5.4 Thermal property analysis 5
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Sequence B(ml) S(ml) T(ml) Working reagent Distilled water Uric acid Standard (S) Sample 1.0 1.0 1.0 0.02 -- -- -- 0.02 -- -- -- 0.02 Mix well and incubate at 37oC for 5 min. or at R.T. (25oC) for 15 min. Measure the absorbance of the standard (Abs.S), and Test Sample (Abs.T) against the Blank, within 30 min. Calculations Uric Acid in mg/dl = Abs.T X 8 Abs.S
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3. (a) The brook trout thrives in the pH level range of 5.0 pH to 7.0pH. This pH range corresponds to the hydrogen-ion concentration [H+] of 10 [H+] to 0.10 [H+]. (b) An indication that a lake’s pH has changed from pH 5.8 to pH 5.2 would be the thriving lake trout population would dwell as the conditions become less favorable, but survival. Conditions for the rainbow trout population would worsen as they would all completely disappear, the pH levels would not be survivable for the fish. This would
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Question 1 (22 marks) A commercial pool management company is seeking to reduce the costs of maintaining swimming pools. The maintenance cost is mostly driven by the amount of chlorine that is needed to keep the water clear and relatively free of germs. The company hired a new graduate from York University (“YorkU”) to analyze how much chlorine is needed. It is believed that the speed at which chlorine is depleted is dependent on the temperature (degrees Fahrenheit) of the water (higher temperatures
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When an acid reacts with tarnish, it makes the coins shiny. In order for oxidation to occur, the air has to be damp. In my experiment I used specific solutions to clean coins. Lemon juice has a ph of 2.2. Baking Soda has a pH of 8.4. Water has a Ph of 7. Orange juice has a Ph of 3.70. Cola has a Ph of 3.18. Dishwashing liquid has a pH of 7.80. Solutions with a pH less than 7 are acidic and solutions with a pH greater than 7 are alkaline or basic. Pure water is neutral and isn’t an acid or a base
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Science Fourth Hour A MRS. REYNOLDS Acids, Bases, and Neutrals pH Scale Investigations ___ By Dominic Krusniak Our Experiment We were challenged to test the accuracy of cabbage juice as an indicator for classifying liquid solutions as an acid, base, or a neutral. We believed that red cabbage juice would be an accurate indicator for classifying liquid solutions. We came to this conclusion because we had 2 reviewed other reports testing red cabbage juice in a similar way to our method with an
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Structure (Smith) The OH group must be first converted into a better leaving group for an alcohol to undergo a nucleophilic substitution or elimination. This can be done by reaction with an acid. The O atom in an alcohol will be protonated with the treatment of an alcohol with a strong acid via acid-base reaction. This transforms the –OH leaving group into H20, a weak base therefore a good leaving group (McMurry, 2012). Most alcohols are prepared industrially by hydration of alkenes. The
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hydrogens. The higher the pH which is basic equals a lower number of hydrogen. Our bloodstream has a narrow range of pH 7.2-7.4. It is considered acidosis if its lower than 7.2 and alkalosis if higher than 7.4. Carbon dioxide is made in the citric acid cycle. Most of all of the cells in our body are making carbon dioxide at all times. A person’s lungs blow out carbon dioxide, which is crucial in maintaining the pH level in the blood. The blood flows through the body picking up carbon dioxide that
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