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A1.
One difference between oxygenated and deoxygenated hemoglobin is there shape. Hemoglobin binds to oxygen and changes the shape of its protein. It is in an R state- relaxed. Dexoygenated blood T-state (Tense), has a heme group that has iron when it has no oxygen it will form in the shape of a pyramid. When oxygen binds to the iron it pulls on the iron to flatten the shape. Hudson-Miller,S.(2012). Another difference will be their color. When the heme group connects to the oxygen it has a bright red color. When oxygen doesn’t connect to oxygen it will not have a color. Hudson-Miller, S. (2012)

A2.
The Bohr effect is the status between hemoglobin and pH’s pwer to bind oxygen. The pH describes the quantity of hydrogen ions in a solution. The lower the pH the more acidic solution, which means a large number of hydrogens. The higher the pH which is basic equals a lower number of hydrogen. Our bloodstream has a narrow range of pH 7.2-7.4. It is considered acidosis if its lower than 7.2 and alkalosis if higher than 7.4. Carbon dioxide is made in the citric acid cycle. Most of all of the cells in our body are making carbon dioxide at all times. A person’s lungs blow out carbon dioxide, which is crucial in maintaining the pH level in the blood. The blood flows through the body picking up carbon dioxide that is being made by the cells going to the lungs to expel. The lungs have the lowest amount of carbon dioxide, which is the acidic component to our blood. Lungs have basic pH levels. When the blood starts traveling and grabbing carbon dioxide from all of the cells, the carbon dioxide decreases the pH. When the pH continues to lower it will lower all the way down to the toes, which have the lowest pH in the whole body. When the pH lowers hemoglobin releases oxgen. Without the Bohr effect oxygen would release at the beginning instead of making its way through all the

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