Dagayah D. Edillo ARISTOTLE Background Ancient Greek philosopher Aristotle was born circa 384 B.C. in Stagira, a small town on the northern coast of Greece that was once a seaport. When he turned 17, he enrolled in Plato’s Academy. In 338, he began tutoring Alexander the Great. In 335, Aristotle founded his own school, the Lyceum, in Athens, where he spent most of the rest of his life studying, teaching and writing. Aristotle died in 322 B.C., after he left Athens and fled
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Three Primary Schools of Ethics Rule-Based School of Ethics In this case, the court passed the verdict in favor of the biological parents using the rule-based theory. The rule-based theory implies that decisions are based on rules and duties. The principles you believe should govern the outcomes. Individual who would agree with the rule-based theory would say that the biological parents have the right over the child. It is the duty of the biological parents to take care of their child and so the
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In book II chapter 4 of De Anima, Aristotle describes what constitutes as nourishment and generation. He then moves onto book II chapter 5 to discuss the concept of sensation and perception. More specifically, he claims that perception is a kind of alteration because it has the capability to be moved and affected. Aristotle then poses a puzzle to why the perception of the senses (perpetual capacities) doesn’t occur and why the perceptual capacities cannot produce perception without the aid of an
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contributed much valuable material to the up building of ethics; nevertheless, Plato's illustrious disciple, Aristotle (384-322 B.C.), must be considered the real founder of systematic ethics. With characteristic keenness he solved, in his ethical and political writings, most of the problems with which ethics concerns itself. Unlike Plato, who began with ideas as the basis of his observation, Aristotle chose rather
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Socrates was a Greek philosopher who is known to be one of the greatest founders of western philosophy. Socrates practiced philosophy by preaching in his local market place which caused the citizens of Athens and the authority to become angry towards his views and ways of spreading his philosophical thoughts. Socrates used both analytical and constructive ways to discover the general principles in philosophy. The Oracle of Delphi strongly believed that Socrates was the wisest man in all of Athens
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a) Explain Plato’s Form of the Good Plato believed that the world we around us is an illusion, and that everyday things that we take for granted are merely weak imitations of the true object behind it. He believed that behind every earthly object, and every earthly concept (e.g. beauty), there is an unearthly truth; a perfect version. He believed that there was a place where everything that is, has been, or ever will be in existence in kept, and that is how we know that a pen is a pen
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achieving the golden mean of the excess and deficiency, the balance between the two vices. Therefore, if we want to acquire happiness, we need to practice ourselves in balancing things and inclining sometimes excess and sometimes deficiency. As Aristotle mentioned in Nicomachean Ethics, “this is no doubt difficult”. It is just like “training regimen” for happiness, if we imagine a virtuous character as a healthy body. As the goal of doctor is to produce a balance of one’s body by appropriate training
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Explain Plato’s analogy of the cave. Plato, a famous Greek philosopher who wrote the ‘Allegory of the cave’ attempted to answer some philosophical questions (Why are we here? What is reality?). Plato tells the ‘Allegory of the Cave’ as a conversation between him and his teacher, Socrates, who inspired may of Plato’s philosophical theories. The Analogy of the cave is one of the most famous passages in Plato’s republic. Imagine prisoners being chained up in a cave, since their childhood. Theses prisoners
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Most people understand conscience as something which tells us right from wrong, it is generally seen as a moral faculty, sense or feeling which compels individuals to believe that particular activities are morally right or wrong. Many ethical debates have been addressed on whether conscience is innate or developed. When conscience is described as innate, it means that it is inborn within you. From a religious viewpoint, an innate conscience is one which is God given or the voice of reason as a moral
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‘Conscience is the voice of god’ Discuss. Most people would agree that conscience is the reasoned voice inside us that guides and tells us what we should and shouldn’t do. However peoples views on the origins of conscience can differ a lot; whether people belief its Gods doing or whether it’s innate or even whether it is acquired. In this essay I will be showing the viewpoints of various philosophers with their beliefs on whether conscience is or isn’t the voice of God. Ultimately I believe
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