mother, but is nearly independent of the age of the father. • Each time a cell divides, the genetic material becomes shorter. • The ends of the chromosomes, known as "telomeres", are important for the genetic stability of the cell and they act as a DNA clock that measures the age of the cell. • The cell stops dividing and dies when the telomeres become too short. • The discovery that the egg cell can extend the telomeres of a fertilizing sperm cell is important in the development of stem cell therapy
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Genetic Engineering Although genetic engineering is an entirely new field, it has fascinated mankind for many years. Genetic engineering gives the power to change many aspects of nature and could result in a lot of life-saving and preventative treatments. Today, scientists have a greater understanding of genetics and its role in living organisms. However, if this power is misused, the damage could be very great. Therefore, although genetic engineering is a field that should be explored, it needs
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| | | | | |Original DNA Strand: |Transcription (base sequence of RNA): | | |
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to make copies of itself—its DNA—in a structure called a chromosome. In addition, it may have extra loose bits of DNA called plasmids floating in the cytoplasm. Bacteria also have ribosomes, tools necessary for copying DNA so bacteria can reproduce. Some have threadlike structures called flagella that they use to move. o A virus may or may not have an outermost spiky layer called the envelope. All viruses have a protein coat and a core of genetic material, either DNA or RNA. o The main difference
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change. Without genetic diversity, everything would look the same generation after generation. Ultimately, over time the species would become extinct. Mutation is changing the structure of a gene resulting in a different form in future generations. DNA is constantly subject to mutation or changes in the code. Mutations can be a good or bad thing. Most are actually good for us. “The good mutations that keep the world healthy are called silent mutations.” (www.geneticstheteach.org) But the mutations
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The first weeks of the summer fellowship in the VDS stream was a bit hectic. They consisted of learning protocols and techniques. Three plates of PNiC-BSa4 colonies were grown by my partner and me that week. These were later used by the majority of lab students who had reached the cloning stage. My first PCR with plasmid pgbr22 failed, but the second was successful. PCR with pmCherry had to be completed 3 times to get a successful result and PNIC-BSa4 PCR had to be completed twice to get a successful
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of cloning are : (1) recombinant DNA technology or DNA cloning, (2) reproductive cloning, and (3) therapeutic cloning. I learned a lot from this article something that I found was really interesting is this process called "somatic cell nuclear transfer". This process is where the scientist transfer genetic material from the nucleus of a donor adult cell to an egg whose nucleus, and then its genetic material, has been removed. The reconstructed egg containing the DNA from a donor cell must be treated
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Gene Marker Identification Targeting Toll-Like Receptor 4 (TLR4), Breast Cancer 1 (BRCA1), and Adenosine Triphosphatase 1 Alpha 1 (ATP1A1) Genes: Assessing Their Association With Subclinical Mastitis Cases in Dairy Water Buffaloes, Bubalus bubalis Thesis Proposal Cyndi Candelaria Biendima Patricia Malapit Cabatit Submitted to the Department of Biology College of Arts and Sciences University of the Philippines Manila Padre Faura, Ermita, Manila In partial fulfilment of the requirements
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shown that every cell that is alive in your body is the result of a split of some prior cell, so technically your body and its constituent cells have been “alive” for about 4 billion years. More specifically, the cells that constitute the potential DNA that could belong to you have been in existence
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How genetic diversity comes about? Genetic diversity is a branch of Biology which refers to large number of different species that can be found on earth as well the diversity within a particular species. Also, genetic diversity is affected by several ongoing natural issues that are related to mutation, sexual reproduction, migration, and the size of the population. The first issues that related are mutation. What is mutation? Mutation defined “an organism that has characteristics resulting from
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