Disparate Impact of SOX on Large and Small Firms Andrew Rubin St. John’s University I. Introduction During the early 2000’s there was a series of scandals involving many large, multinational firms. Among these firms were Enron, Tyco and WorldCom, all of whom had been costing investors and stakeholders millions, if not billions, of dollars through fraud. Following the scandal, the downturn in investor confidence was enormous. Looking back, there appeared to be a culture
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Corporate Sustainability and NGO-Activism: The Case of Corporate Watch Description and analysis of the mission, concept and impact of Corpwatch Corpwatch is an independent non-profit organization dealing with environmental, social and other topics. Therefore investigative research and journalism is practiced to inform public about environmental issues and to increase transparency. The organization was founded in 1996 in the San Francisco Bay Area. The project was started by the Tides Center
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managers. In a standard business corporation, it is the shareholders who stand in this relationship to the firm. Yet as the recent wave of corporate scandals has demonstrated once again, it can be extraordinarily difficult for shareholders to exercise effective control of management, or more generally, for the firm to achieve the appropriate alignment of interests between managers and owners. After all, it is shareholders who were the ones most hurt by the scandals at Enron, Tyco, Worldcom, Parmalat, Hollinger
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Business ethics for corporate growth: A case study of Infosys in India “To achieve our objectives in an environment of fairness, honesty and courtesy toward our clients, employees, vendors and society at large” Mission Statement of Infosys. Starting in 1981 in Bangalore, India with seven colleagues who dared to dream and who were lucky to be among the first in the economic liberalization of India in 1990s, Infosys has crossed billion dollars in revenues in 2004.The company has maintained
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expectations of the public, the lower the credibility, earning potential and prestige associated with the work of auditors. The objective of this paper is to review and evaluate some of the possible solutions that can be taken to narrow the gap. The study found the proposed solutions in the literature are unlikely to be implemented in view of the practical issues identified. Hence, the proposed solutions are only likely to be effective on theoretical grounds. It is hoped that this paper will provide
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Investment Analysis Table of Contents UNIT 1 2 DQ1 2 DQ2: Describe the relationship between risk and return 4 DQ 3How can we use the Modified Altman and Modified Chanos algorithms to detect inflection points in determining leverage shifts? 5 UNIT 2 7 DQ 1: Describe the concept behind an efficient capital market. 7 DQ 2: Do you believe we have efficient capital markets? 8 DQ 3: What are the four required financial statements under IFRS and GAAP? 8 DQ 4: How do some managers
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auditing. The most frequently debated areas amongst auditors, politicians, media, regulators and the public is where the fraud is coming from and by whom. This disagreement has been especially tinted by the collapse of big corporations like Enron and WorldCom. The unforeseen fall of Enron and WorldCom traumatized the world as both of these companies received clean bills of health from their auditors immediately prior to their for bankruptcy. Type of fraud Fraud itself comprises a large variety of activities
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nothing really new to the fore: it shows that nothing has changed in the aftermath of the convulsions caused by several occurrences of crisis in the financial sector or the business world in the last decade. Managers (of banks, insurance enterprises, of Enron, etc.) play(ed) high-risk games at the cost of the organization; they plunder(ed) the assets of employees and shareholders as well. If they win, they take all the gain; if they lose, they call for the taxpayer’s money because their organizations are
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Effective Powers Of the five powers, the establishment of an ethical climate calls for much debate. However given the current climate of Paradigm Toys, that being one of coercive power; the use of referent power is likely going to be the most effective in changing ethical climates. The current climate of coercive power, is displayed through the employees being fearful of the loss of jobs if quota’s are not met- which often causes defective products to be produced. This defective product issue
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Introduction to Ethics and International Law Introduction | Business Ethics | Social Responsibility | Ethical Dilemma Resolution Models | Video – Business Ethics: An Oxymoron? | Practice Quiz | | Introduction | | The E in Enron definitely did not stand for ethics, but Enron and its contemporaries like Arthur Andersen, Tyco, and WorldCom altered the lives of thousands of people and shaped new laws regulating business. All topics covered in this course, from product liability to civil rights,
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