The Grand Design ALSO BY STEPHEN HAWKING A Brief History of Time A Briefer History of Time Black Holes and Baby Universes and Other Essays The Illustrated A Brief History of Time The Universe in a Nutshell FOR CHILDREN George’s Secret Key to the Universe (with Lucy Hawking) George’s Cosmic Treasure Hunt (with Lucy Hawking) ALSO BY LEONARD MLODINOW A Briefer History of Time The Drunkard’s Walk: How Randomness Rules Our Lives Euclid’s Window: The Story of Geometry from Parallel Lines to Hyperspace
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Introductory Physics I Elementary Mechanics by Robert G. Brown Duke University Physics Department Durham, NC 27708-0305 rgb@phy.duke.edu Copyright Notice Copyright Robert G. Brown 1993, 2007, 2013 Notice This physics textbook is designed to support my personal teaching activities at Duke University, in particular teaching its Physics 141/142, 151/152, or 161/162 series (Introductory Physics for life science majors, engineers, or potential physics majors, respectively). It is freely available
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other with a force that is directly proportional to the product of their masses and inversely proportional to the square of the distance between them. This means that the further apart these two attracting bodies are from each other, the less the gravitational force between them is. The force of gravity depends on the product of the mass of the two attracting bodies. If the distance between the two bodies doubles, the force between them becomes one quarter of the force it was before. The Law of
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1938 Nobel Prize in Physics. Vitaly Ginzburg (Russia) - One of three recipients of the 2003 Nobel inPhysics for their pioneering work in the theory of superconductors and superfluids. Christiaan Huygens (Netherlands) - Most well known for his wave theory of light, Huygens is credited with discovering the first of Saturn's moons. Werner Israel (Canada) - In 1990 Israel co-pioneered a study on black hole interiors. Ali Javan (Iran) - Born in Tehran, Ali Javan is listed as one of the top
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and working (kinetic) energy. For example, the food we eat contains chemical energy, and our body stores this energy until we release it when we work or play. 2.2.1 Potential Energy Potential energy is stored energy and the energy of position (gravitational). It exists in various forms. Chemical Energy Chemical energy is the energy stored in the bonds of atoms and molecules. Biomass, petroleum, natural gas, propane and coal are examples of stored chemical energy. Nuclear Energy Nuclear energy is the
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Section I 75 marks Part A – 15 marks Attempt Questions 1–15 Allow about 30 minutes for this part Use the multiple-choice answer sheet for Questions 1–15. 1 A fast-moving space probe passes close to a planet. During its journey, how does the gravitational field of the planet affect the speed and direction of the probe? Speed (A) (B) (C) (D) Remains constant Remains constant Changes Changes Direction Remains constant Changes Changes Remains constant 2 A satellite is moving in a circular orbit
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to the question number (1.1–1.5) in the ANSWER BOOK. 1.1 The type of electromagnetic radiation that is used to take pictures of the human skeleton The product of mass and velocity The principle which states that each point on a wave front acts as a source of secondary waves The unit of measurement equivalent to a coulomb per second The general term used to describe a system on which no external forces act (1) (1) 1.2 1.3 (1) (1) (1) [5] 1.4 1.5 QUESTION 2: MULTIPLE-CHOICE QUESTIONS Four
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brackets [ ]. SECTION I (40 Marks) Attempt all questions from this Section. Question 1 (a) (b) (c) (d) Derive the relation between C G S and S I unit of force. Classify the following into contact and non contact forces: 1. Tension 2. Friction 3. Gravitational force 4. Magnetic force. Classify the following into levers as class I, class II or class III: 1. A door 2. Catapult 3. Wheelbarrow 4. Fishing rod. [2] [2] [2] Where is the centre of gravity of the following objects situated? l. Ring 2. Rhombus
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SENIOR SECONDARY COURSE PHYSICS 1 (CORE MODULES) Coordinators Dr. Oum Prakash Sharma Sh. R.S. Dass NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF OPEN SCHOOLING A-25, INSTITUTIONAL AREA, SECTOR-62, NOIDA-201301 (UP) COURSE DESIGN COMMITTEE CHAIRMAN Prof. S.C. Garg Former Pro-Vice Chancellor IGNOU, Maidan Garhi, Delhi MEMBERS Prof. A.R. Verma Former Director, National Physical Laboratory, Delhi, 160, Deepali Enclave Pitampura, Delhi-34 Dr. Naresh Kumar Reader (Rtd.) Deptt. of Physics Hindu College, D.U. Dr. Oum Prakash
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across the space. Scientists have warned that the earth could be hit by a wave of violent space storm(Coronal Mass Ejection) after a massive explosion on the sun. This huge explosion could shut down the global communication and the satellites might get destroyed. “These eruptions occur when immense magnetic structures in the solar atmosphere lose their stability and can no longer be held down by the Sun’s huge gravitational pull. Just like a coiled spring suddenly being released, they erupt into space
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