Block IV MACROECONOMICS – II UNIT 17 Inflation 1-14 UNIT 18 Banking and Money Supply 15-31 UNIT 19 International Trade and Balance of Payments 32-50 UNIT 20 Economic Indicators 51-62 UNIT 21 Business Cycles 63-71 UNIT 22 Economic Growth, Development and Planning 72-84 Economics for Managers Expert Committee Dr. J. Mahender Reddy Vice Chancellor IFHE (Deemed to be University) Hyderabad Prof. Y. K. Bhushan Vice Chancellor IU, Meghalaya Prof. Loveraj Takru Director, IBS Dehradun IU, Dehradun
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HIGHLIGHTS (unaudited) Amounts in millions, except per share amounts 2013 2012 2011 2010 2009 Net Sales Operating Income Net Earnings attributable to Procter & Gamble Net Earnings Margin from Continuing Operations Diluted Net Earnings per Common Share from Continuing Operations(1) Diluted Net Earnings per Common Share(1) Dividends per Common Share $84,167 $83,680 $81,104 $77,567 $75,295 14,481 13,292 15,495 15,732 15,188 11,312 10,756 11,797 12,736 13,436 13.5% 11.1% 14.4% 14
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fixed rates include that they cause uncertainty, they inhibit international trade and they allow destabilizing speculation. Contrast the situation in one country with a fixed exchange rate with one country that has a floating rate and explain the impact of the fixed and floating rates. Introduction Prior to 1970, fixed, or say pegged exchange rate regime was adopted by almost all countries worldwide. Afterwards, some countries have gradually made the transition from fixed to flexible exchange
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medical technology company, was founded in 1949 by Earl Bakken and Palmer Hermundslie. It was incorporated in 1957 in Minneapolis, Minnesota. They were the first to create a wearable cardiac pacemaker in 1957. They have been able to expand their business from a small repair company, which serviced medical equipment in hospitals, to being able to serve physicians and patients in more than 120 countries worldwide. From then on they focused on cardiac rhythm technology that makes up approximately 52%
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a group of companies that are related in terms of their primary business activities. 2. Competition – Essence i. Competition energizes the participants, stimulates creativity and ultimately results in the greatest discoveries and inventions the mind can comprehend. ii. The essence of competition isn’t always to be number one, but to strive for excellence. 3. Macro – Economic Factors that impact the industry Business is affected by the external environment as it is by the competitors
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Here are the resources I use from internet. http://www.improvemybusiness.com.au/improve-cash-flow/professional-services/cash-inflow-cash-outflow-managing-your-business-cash-flow http://www.csun.edu/~hfact004/inventory_cost_flow_assumptions.htm Ideally, a company will have more money flowing into the business than out. Businesses sell products and services to generate income. Generally, the most common sources of cash for a company are: payment for goods or services from customers, receipt of
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Overview Globalization, a process --- increased proportion of economic, social and cultural activity --- across national borders --- has significant economic, business and social implications. “The geographic dispersion of industrial and service activities --- research and development, sourcing of inputs, production and distribution, cross-border networking of companies --- joint ventures and the sharing of assets” “Increasingly free flow of ideas, people, goods, services and capital leads to the
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Literature review reveals that considerable research has been made in the industrialized countries on the similar topic. Capital structure is one of the most complex areas of strategic financial decision making due to its interrelationship with macroeconomic variables. This study reveals that per capita GNP growth for Japan and Malaysia is significantly related to capital structure of firm and higher economic growth tends to cause to use more long term debt. These results for Pakistan are different
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United Kingdom controls the operations in United Kingdom and exporting of products to distributors in countries that do have the firm’s local operating subsidiaries. Continental Europe controls operations in Spain, Germany, Ireland, Belgium, Hungary, Poland, Sweden, France, Norway, Austria, Italy, the Netherlands, Czech Republic, and Switzerland. The North American branches control the firm's operations in Canada and United States of America. Asia Pacific controls the operations in Japan, Taiwan, Chile
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7, 8 2.2 Assess the impact of fiscal and monetary policy on business organisations and their activities pg.8, 9 2.3 Evaluate the impact of competition policy and other regulatory mechanisms on the activities of a selected organisation pg.10 3.1 Explain how market structures determine the pricing and output decisions of businesses pg.11 3.2 Illustrate the way in which market forces shape organisational responses using a range of examples pg.12 3.3 Judge how the business and cultural environments
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