International Journal of Economics, Management & Accounting 19, no. 1 (2011): 1-26 © 2011 by The International Islamic University Malaysia METHODOLOGY OF ISLAMIC ECONOMICS: OVERVIEW OF PRESENT STATE AND FUTURE DIRECTION* Mohamed Aslam Haneefa and Hafas Furqanib Department of Economics, International Islamic University Malaysia, Jalan Gombak, 53100 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. (Email: mdaslam@iiu. edu.my) b Department of Economics, International Islamic University Malaysia, Jalan Gombak, 53100
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the modern replacement of what used to be called “nature study.” This is a generalist, survey course, which exposes the child to the universe. At this level, the students would get the basic exposure to scientific ideas, and learn about the history of science. They also learn the basic scientific vocabulary at this level (Curriculum Research Division and Development,2004) (2004) ). Educational Reforms and Science Teaching in Ghana There was a reorganization of the educational system
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goal of enhancing learners’ scientific literacy (Lederman, 2007, Akpan 2013, Mc Ilelland, Zinyeka, 2013, http://www.saarmste.org). Embedded in scientific literacy is scientific practice which relies on scientific language (Akpan , 2013, Kourany, 1998 and Lederman , 2007). Argumentation in the language is what is pictured as underpinning the nature of science views and that the converse is true. Lederman (2007), considers science as constituting body of knowledge, method and the value of beliefs inherent
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Chancellor. Then in 1621 he was Viscount St. Albans. The greatest discovery that he made was the Scientific method. Francis Bacon made a large body of scientific works. He discovered and mad popular the Scientific method. The scientific method is a method that consists of systematic observation, measurement, experiment, formula, testing, and a modification of hypotheses. In the scientific method the experiment is the most important part. It is the logical process that lets the scientist learn
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data analysis. The concept of research is based on the scientific method researchers use to learn, scrutinize, and explain scientific conclusions interpreted in data collected by conducting experiments, addressing questions, or creating ideas. Understanding the process of the scientific method in research involves many steps that generate evidence that can answer many problems in the human services field. Following the steps of scientific inquiry includes identifying a problem, formulating a hypothesis
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has grown over the years it has come to include the complete range of industry and organization. Strictly speaking, industrial and organizational psychology is defined by “an applied field that is concerned with the development and application of scientific principles to the workplace” (Spector, 2008, p. 5). On the practical level, the aim of industrial and organizational psychology is to, “improve the quality of the environment for employees as well as to increase the effectiveness and efficiency
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throughout the experiment- parameter (c) Not controlled during the experiment- extraneous (d) Affected by a change made by the experimenter- dependent (e) Changed by the experimenter- independent 5. What is the main purpose of the scientific method? The scientific method is used mainly to validate a particular hypothesis or to determine the range of validity of a hypothesis. 6. Classify the following experiments: (a) estimation of the heating value of gasoline- explorational (b) measuring the
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In reality, apart from a few strictly defined physical sciences, most scientific disciplines have to bend and adapt these rules, especially sciences involving the unpredictability of natural organisms and humans. In many ways, it is not always important to know the exact scientific method, to the letter, but any scientist should have a good understanding of the underlying principles. In many ways, if you are going to bend and adapt the rules, you need to understand the rules in the first place. Empirical
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pseudoscience. It is compelling that it cannot be inferred from multiple statements that a scientific law is true. Science proceeds by forming hypotheses and deductive inferences that show the hypothesis to be false; this is falsification. Presumptions in science are unjustifiable and Karl Popper’s method of hypothetico-deductivism is logical. Alan Chalmers’ scientific reasoning is inductive and he believes scientific method produces reliable knowledge through the application of inductive reasoning (SCIE1000
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the data, you may have to check your procedure for errors. If you cannot draw a conclusion from your results, you may have to try the investigation again or carry out further observations or experiments. 1F.Communicate your Results- After any scientific investigation, you should report
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