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12 Principles of Knowledge Management

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Submitted By lovemeagain00111
Words 2575
Pages 11
C YBER-PHYSIC AL-SOCIAL SYS TE MS
Editor: Daniel Zeng, University of Arizona, zeng@email.arizona.edu

Harnessing the
Crowdsourcing Power of Social Media for
Disaster Relief
Huiji Gao and Geoffrey Barbier, Arizona State University
Rebecca Goolsby, US Office of Naval Research

S

ocial media has recently played a critical role in natural disasters as an informa-

tion propagator that can be leveraged for disaster relief. After the catastrophic Haiti earthquake on

12 January 2010, people published numerous texts and photos about their personal experiences during the earthquake via social media sites such as Twitter, Flickr, Facebook, and blogs, and videos were posted on YouTube. In just 48 hours, the Red Cross received US$8 million in donations directly from texts,1 which exemplifies one benefit of the powerful propagation capability of social media sites.
Survivors also use social media sites to keep in touch with the world after a disaster. The jammed mobile phone network in Japan caused by the recent tsunami and earthquake made it difficult for people to communicate with each other. In response, they used Twitter, Facebook, Skype, and local Japanese social networks to communicate and keep in touch with their loved ones.2
Although social media can positively impact disaster relief efforts, it does not provide an inherent coordination capability for easily coordinating and sharing information, resources, and plans among disparate relief organizations.
Nevertheless, crowdsourcing applications based on social media applications such as Twitter and
Ushahidi offer a powerful capability for collecting information from disaster scenes and visualizing data for relief decision making. This article briefly describes the advantages and disadvantages of crowdsourcing applications applied to disaster relief coordination. It also discusses

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