...After World War II, tension growing between the United States and USSR during the late 1900’s became known as the Cold War. Dominating International affairs was one of the reasons for the Cold War, while weapons of mass destruction became known as one of the main concerns. The Cold War had two main superpowers: the United States and the Soviet Union. Neither Nation fought against each other, but they did fight for their beliefs throughout client states (Truman). On June 5, 1967 until the 10th of the same month there was a war called the Six Day War. Israel was supported by the United States to combat the Arab, including the countries of Egypt, Syria, Jordan, Iraq, Kuwait, and Algeria, because Israel saw them as a threat. The Arab countries surrounding Israel allied, and the war between Arabs and Israel began. The war provides a perfect...
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...187th Infantry The Regimental Motto: “Ne Desit Virtus” ---- “ Let Valor Not Fail” 187th Infantry Regiment is a regiment that has fought in many wars and conflicts. Originating out of Fort Mackall in North Carolina the 187th Infantry Regiment was activated on the twenty-fifth day of February, 1943. The 187th is a highly decorated regiment. They have been involved in wars such as World War ll, The Korean War, and The Vietnam War are three of the wars that the unit has been a part of. The unit has also deployments to Iraq and Afghanistan under its belt. The unit has three Medals of Honor recipients. The 187th is currently based out of Fort Campbell, Kentucky. The 187th Infantry Regiment was activated during World War ll. The Regiment arrived in New Guinea on the twenty-ninth day of May, 1944. On the eighteenth day of November, 1944. The unit joined the Leyete Campaign; soon after the unit left The Leyete Campaign they joined The Luzon Campaign by assaulting the Nasugbu Point Luzon in late January. From late January to April the unit fought its way through many hotspots such as the Nichols Field, Fort William McKinley, Mount Macikid, and Malipunyo. After fighting these through these hot spots the unit moved inside Lipa as part of Operation Downfall. The...
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...Involvement: Yom Kippur War While the United States and the Soviet Union never came into direct combat with one another during the Cold wWar, there were many instances in which the two states competition nearly led to global nuclear destruction. In the book “The World Was Going Our Way: The KGB and the Battle for the Third World”, written by Christopher Andrew and Vasili Mitrokhin, the authors bring up many circumstances where this has happened. One instance in which the Soviet Union opposed the United States indirectly while coming close to the brink of war, was the fourth Arab-Israeli War, much more commonly known as the Yom Kippur War. The purpose of this paper is to outline what happened in this war, and how the United States versus Soviet Union’s so called “cold war” actually drove indirect fighting and war between many other smaller nations such as Israel and a few Arab nations, and how these two superpowers were on the brink of an a out war. To be able to fully identify the role that the United States and Soviet Union played in this war, the history and background must be understood. This war was the fourth battle of the ongoing dispute today known as the Arab-Israeli conflicts that started in 1948 when the Jewish state of Israel was formed. In the earlier war known as the “Six Days War” in the year of 1967, Israel had captured the Sinai Peninsula from the state of Egypt and half of the Golan Heights from its neighbor Syria. “On June 19, 1967, the National Unity Government...
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...mines. The advent of the helicopter and its application in counter-insurgency began with the British in Malaya on 1 April 1950, with the formation of the Far East Casualty Air Evacuation Flight at Seletar with strength of three Westland S-51 Dragonfly helicopters. During the Malayan Emergency the British used their helicopters primarily for casualty evacuation and later for airlifting troops. Question that looms ahead for the future, no matter what the outcome in Jammu and Kashmir, and North Eastern States, is how the army aviation succeeds against fierce insurgency in strategy and capabilities. The Taliban’s resurgence, tenacious resistance against NATO forces in Afghanistan, Al Qaeda’s ability to elude United States forces, and the trouble Israel has had in trying to subdue violence in tiny Southern Lebanon (Hezbollah) and tinier Gaza (Hamas) deepen concern that even world’s finest militaries have problems against any kind of insurgent movement. Historical Background. The history of the use of airpower against irregulars’ dates back to 9 March 1916, Francisco "Pancho" Villa raided Columbus, New Mexico, and killed 17 Americans. The government of United States ordered General John "Black Jack" Pershing to organise a force of 15,000 troops to pursue Villa into Mexico and "take him dead or alive." Six days...
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...Issues that continue to block peace between Palestinians and Israelis The issue of Palestine and Israel is one that has been hotly contested for over a thousand years. The last fifty years have been especially important in the history of the Jewish people and Palestinians. Since the death of Yasser Arafat on the 11th of November 2004, and the election of Mahmoud Abbas as his successor as leader of the Palestinian Authority, significant steps have been taken towards a lasting peace. This will hopefully lead to a conclusion of the second Palestinian intifada, which began in late September 2000, and to an end of the oppression of the Palestinian people by the Israeli Defense Forces. Both Jews and Arabs have suffered heavily from the conflict, thousands of innocent civilians have died on both sides, and peace is in the interests of all. History of the Conflict The disputed territory that has been alternately referred to as Palestine and Israel is relatively small, the total area is only roughly 22 000 square kilometers. It is bordered by Jordan on the East, Lebanon on the North, Egypt and the Mediterranean Ocean on the West, and shares 76 kilometers of border with Syria in the North East. The two disputed territories that are occupied by the Israeli Army but under the autonomous control of the Palestinian Authority are the West Bank and the Gaza Strip. These two territories amount to roughly 6400 square kilometers, the West Bank makes up the majority of this area – it amounts...
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...focuses primarily on training for low intensity conflicts throughout the Pacific region. However, the 25th ID is fully involved in the Global War on Terror and deploys units in support of Operation Enduring Freedom in Afghanistan and Operation Iraqi Freedom in Iraq. The Tropical Lightning Division underwent the Army's modular re-organization in 2006. The 25th Infantry Division now has four Brigade Combat Teams (BCT) and an Aviation Brigade. The 1st and 2nd BCTs have fielded the Stryker combat vehicle, and the 4th BCT is Airborne qualified. The division's shoulder patch, a lightning bolt superimposed on a taro leaf, was formally adopted in 1943. The colors of gold and red were those of the late Hawaiian monarchy. While soldiers over the years have jokingly nicknamed the patch the "Electric Chili Pepper" or the "Electric Strawberry," in 1953, the nickname "Tropic Lightning" was officially adopted. In 1921, the United States Army formed the Hawaiian Division to protect the islands and our growing interests in the Pacific region. On October 1, 1941, the Hawaiian Division was split to create the 24th and 25th Infantry Divisions. The 25th Infantry Division was stationed at Schofield Barracks, on the island of Oahu, Hawaii. The Division was just over two months old when the Japanese bombed Pearl Harbor thrusting the United States into World War Two. After the attack, the Division moved into beach defensive positions, preparing to defend Honolulu from invasion. The division continued...
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...dictatorship had taken power in most middle Eastern countries they justified their rule by promoting social reform and often by claiming to be defenders of the Muslim faith Jewish Problem: * Jewish settlers living among Arab-speaking peoples in Palestine achieved the Zionist dream of a Jewish nation-state shortly after ww2 * the inflexible opposition of Arab states to the very existence of Israel led to four separate wars between Israel and its Arab neighbors * Pan- Arab Nationalism To unite Arab peoples under one nation * Zionism- Jewish movement * Later, Palestinians entered into the struggle against the Jewish state in an effort to forge their own nation-state nationalism was at the heart of the Middle East turmoil in the last half of the century Oil Conflict/issue * Oil fields concentrated in the area around the Persian Golf contained greater petroleum reserves of higher quality than anywhere else in the world * The dependence of industrial countries on this vital resoourse brought the preasures of the cold war to bear on the oil-rich countries * SOVIETS AND U.S KEPT CLOSE WATCH ON THE UNSTABLE GOVERNMENTS THERE * Governments of land with large oil reserves nationalized their petroleum industry to get direct access to a share of the profits created an international cartel to set levels of production and prices for this increasingly valuable commodity Israel and the Middle East * Jeruselum was the most holy place in...
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...Sir Winston Leonard Spencer Churchill Biography The English statesman and author Sir Winston Leonard Spencer Churchill (1874-1965) led Britain during World War II and is often described as the "savior of his country." Sir Winston Churchill's exact place in the political history of the 20th century is, and will continue to be, a subject of debate and polemical writing. Where he succeeded, and how much he personally had to do with that success, and where he failed, and why, remain to be established. That he was a political figure of enormous influence and importance, belonging in many ways to an age earlier than the 20th century, and that he fitted uneasily into the constraints of British party politics until his moment came in 1940 are not in doubt. Until recently his reputation during the years from 1940 onward was scarcely questioned. But now historians are beginning to reassess his career in just the same way as Churchill himself tried to revise T. B. Macaulay's account of the Duke of Marlborough by writing a multivolumed Life of his distinguished ancestor (completed in 1938). Churchill's record both before 1939 and after 1945 was for the most part undistinguished. But as Anthony Storr writes: "In 1940 Churchill became the hero that he had always dreamed of being. … In that dark time, what England needed was not a shrewd, equable, balanced leader. She needed a prophet, a heroic visionary, a man who could dream dreams of victory when all seemed lost. Winston Churchill...
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...and headquartered in Geneva, Switzerland. In the 19th Century, there was a massive eruption of diseases, most importantly the cholera epidemic. All around Europe, countries were pushing towards an international health convention to try to address the issues at hand, and while many conventions were finally held, there needed to be something more global to set things right. After the First World War plagued the world, the League of Nations came about and created several agencies to help in aiding the world. One of those agencies was the League of Nations Health Organization. The Health Organization was primarily made to control diseases and try to prevent them. However, their successes came to a halt when the second World War broke out. In 1945, when the war had already ended, the United Nations came about and replaced the former League of Nations. The 61 members of the United Nations all signed the constitution of the World Health Organization in 1946, and two years later, on April 7th, 1948, the constitution finally came into force making that day an annual celebration of ‘Health Day’. The Assembly’s first president was Andrija Stampar and their first Director General was Brock Chisholm. Together, having secured a budget of 5 million dollars, they set to enforce public health. Their top priorities at the time was the transfer of STI’s...
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...A Term Paper on UN peacekeeping and the Role of Bangladesh Submitted to: Dr. Syeda Rozana Rashid Assistant professor Department of International Relations Submitted by: Roksana Mohammed(rk-56) Nafisa Noor(km-76) 2nd year 3rd semester Date of submission:11.05.2013 Abstract Peacekeeping operations by the UN are the operations designed to restore or protect the peace in certain areas of conflict. Peacekeeping has proven to be one of the most effective tools available to the United Nation to assist host countries navigate the difficult path from conflict to peace. Bangladesh has contributed the largest amount of troops in the UN peacekeeping operations. Bangladesh’s troops is being praised and honored by world widely because of its efficiency in UN Peacekeeping operations. This term paper is based on the activities of UN Peacekeeping and the role of Bangladesh in the UN peacekeeping missions. Bangladesh Army started its journey in the UN Peacekeeping mission in 1988.Bangladesh Armed Forces has so far participated in 52 Peacekeeping missions in 40 countries. This paper also regards with the view of the performance of troops of Bangladesh in UN peacekeeping missions and the importance of Bangladesh’s role in Peacekeeping mission as the contributor of the highest number of troops. The various issues with the troops of Bangladesh are also provided in the paper. References are also included in this paper. Content * Methodology………………………………………………………………pg-01 ...
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...Philippine History Early History -The Negritos are believed to have migrated to the Philippines some 30,000 years ago from Borneo, Sumatra, and Malaya. The Malayans followed in successive waves. These people belonged to a primitive epoch of Malayan culture, which has apparently survived to this day among certain groups such as the Igorots. The Malayan tribes that came later had more highly developed material cultures. In the 14th cent. Arab traders from Malay and Borneo introduced Islam into the southern islands and extended their influence as far north as Luzon. The first Europeans to visit (1521) the Philippines were those in the Spanish expedition around the world led by the Portuguese explorer Ferdinand Magellan. Other Spanish expeditions followed, including one from New Spain (Mexico) under López de Villalobos, who in 1542 named the islands for the infante Philip, later Philip II. Spanish Control - The conquest of the Filipinos by Spain did not begin in earnest until 1564, when another expedition from New Spain, commanded by Miguel López de Legaspi, arrived. Spanish leadership was soon established over many small independent communities that previously had known no central rule. By 1571, when López de Legaspi established the Spanish city of Manila on the site of a Moro town he had conquered the year before, the Spanish foothold in the Philippines was secure, despite the opposition of the Portuguese, who were eager to maintain their monopoly on the trade of East Asia. ...
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...Was permissive legislation in Britain in the 1960s and 1970s a response to social change or did it create it? In 1959, six years before becoming Labour’s Home Secretary, Roy Jenkins said that ‘the state should not impinge excessively on peoples private lives and personal morality’. Permissiveness is routed in this idea of a new relationship between society and the individual, representing ‘striking changes in public and private morals’. According to Andrews, social change began in 1956 with a ‘class initiative’, caused by rapidly growing affluence. The affluence of the 1950s is proven by the proportion of homeowners in England and Wales rising from 31% to 44% between 1951-60, representing vast economic growth. Many politicians, particularly those on the Left, believed that ‘the affluent society was directly responsible for the permissive society’. Rising affluence occurred amid the re-emergence of Conservative values in the post-World War Two period, with Brown claiming that ‘the 1950s were about perfecting Victorian values’. The conservatism of the 1950s gave the 1960s a cause for rebellion, creating the unique conditions for permissive legislation to be passed. This paper will focus on acts passed between 1967-1970, including the Abortion, NHS (Family Planning) and the Sexual Offences Acts of 1967, the Divorce Reform Acts (1969), and in 1970 the Matrimonial Property Act. These permissive acts symbolised the breakdown of Victorian and Christian morals, particularly surrounding...
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...‘Zionism wants to strengthen and protect Jews and the State o What problems faced Palestine in 1945 Civil disruption.‘ * Large numbers of Jews wanted to go to Palestine.’ * ‘The US was supporting a state of Israel.’ * ‘Should immigration be allowed?’ * ‘Campaigns of violence by the Irgun.’ Why did Britain decide to hand Palestine over to the United Nations * ‘It did not want to stay.’ * ‘Because of the cost.’ * ‘There was violence.’ * ‘Because of its view of Zionism.’ * ‘The pressure from the Irgun.’ * ‘Because of the guerrilla campaign. Explains why * ‘At the end of the war Britain was under great pressure to change its policy and allow in survivors of the holocaust. They refused and this brought about violent protest.’ * ‘The Irgun deliberately attacked and killed British soldiers including the explosion at the King David Hotel. The violence from the Irgun was intended to persuade the British to leave.’ * ‘Because the Arabs continued to block any proposals regarding partition.’ * ‘The British were finding it too expensive to keep large numbers of troops there, especially having just fought a costly war.’ How far was the war of 1948-49 a success for Israel * It was as the Arab armies were forced to accept defeat.’ * ‘A Jewish state was established.’...
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...Palestine (Arabic: فلسطين Filasṭīn, Falasṭīn, Filisṭīn; Greek: Παλαιστίνη, Palaistinē; Latin: Palaestina; Hebrew: פלשתינה Palestina) is a geographic region in Western Asia between the Mediterranean Sea and the Jordan River. It is sometimes considered to include adjoining territories. The name was used by Ancient Greek writers, and was later used for the Roman province Syria Palaestina, the Byzantine Palaestina Prima and the Umayyad and Abbasid province of Jund Filastin. The region is also known as the Land of Israel (Hebrew: ארץ־ישראל Eretz-Yisra'el),[1] the Holy Land, the Southern Levant,[2] Cisjordan, and historically has been known by other names including Canaan, Southern Syria and Jerusalem. Situated at a strategic location between Egypt, Syria and Arabia, and the birthplace of Judaism and Christianity, the region has a long and tumultuous history as a crossroads for religion, culture, commerce, and politics. The region has been controlled by numerous different peoples, including Ancient Egyptians, Canaanites, Israelites, Assyrians, Babylonians, Persians, Ancient Greeks, Romans, Byzantines, the Sunni Arab Caliphates, the Shia Fatimid Caliphate, Crusaders, Ayyubids, Mameluks, Ottomans, the British and modern Israelis and Palestinians. Boundaries of the region have changed throughout history, and were last defined in modern times by the Franco-British boundary agreement (1920) and the Transjordan memorandum of 16 September 1922, during the mandate period.[3] Today, the...
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...Mars, Incorporated (Chocolate and much more…) Contemporary Business 201160: BUS101-002 Mars, Incorporated is a fascinating company which is so much more than just a candy manufacturer. I was interested in this company because we had purchased stock in the Wrigley Company in 1993 as a gift/investment when my youngest son was born. In 2008, the Wrigley Company was bought by Mars and taken private. Our family had to take a small lost on our shares and no longer received the new development of gum each Christmas. However, it was great move on Wrigley’s behave and for the Mars company as well. Mars is a very diverse organization and does provide a very versatile business plan in this ever changing world and economy. I find it to be an intriguing company and envy it’s progression from a small town at home business to the billion dollar international business it is today. The company began in 1911 by Mr. Frank C. Mars as the Mar-O-Bar Company in his country home kitchen located in Tacoma, Washington. His first products were butter cream candy bars which his family and friends said were the best in the land. He soon outgrew his kitchen when the business started booming and opened his first factory of 125 employees. Quality and value were the foundations for his business and his first mission statement. In 1920, Mr. Mars relocated his factory to Minneapolis, where soon the Snickers (without the chocolate coating) and Milky Way bars were developed and launched....
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