...Nations (UN) is established on 24 October 1945 to promote international co-operation. It is an intergovernmental organization established to replace the ineffective League of Nations after the Second World War. In the beginning the UN had 51member countries and now there are 193 member countries for UN. The organization is financed by assessed and voluntary contributions from its member Countries. UN has an objective of maintaining international peace and security, promoting human rights, fostering social and economic development, protecting the environment, and providing humanitarian aid in cases of famine, natural disaster, and armed conflict. Major part of UN responsibility is to maintain world peace. For ensuring world peace UN has United Nations Peace keeping operations in short term UNPKO though out the world were conflicts are going on. Bangladesh is an active member of UN and participating in UNPKO in many countries of the world. UN Peacekeeping has never been as large, complex and demanding as it is today. More than 100,000 peacekeepers are deployed across the globe, where Bangladesh has consistently been one of the most significant and frontline troops and police contributing countries. As of now, we are the second largest troops contributing country with (1,830 police, 73 UNMEM and 6,605 troops) attached to various UN peacekeeping forces worldwide in November, 2013.There are total 63 Peacekeeping Operations conducted since 1948. Bangladesh has participated in 44 UN missions...
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...Question no 02: Examine the national achievements of Bangladesh by contributing peacekeeping operation across the world. Course name: UNO and World Peace Course code: 223 Student’s details: Bayjid Mahmud Sagar 7th batch & 6th semester Class roll: AF 103 CGPA 3.55 Peace and Conflict Studies, University of Dhaka. Introduction Forty three years after independence, Bangladesh has been identified as one of the next 11 emerging economies. In this financial year alone, its economy is expected to grow by six percent. Not only in economies it has established as well reputed in many sector. Now Bangladesh people working in united peace with dignity. Bangladesh is devoted and focused on the standards cherished in the UN Charter, the peaceful settlement of global debate. Bangladesh Forces have been joining in the United Nations Peacekeeping Operations (UNPKO) around the globe for over two decades. At this time activities of Bangladeshi peacekeepers are apparent in all the troubled ranges of the world, beginning from Haiti to East Timor from Lebanon to DR Congo. They had been all over the place and are resolved to remain so in the days to come and gained the certifications of a ‘Role Model’ in worldwide. About Peacekeeping Generally Peacekeeping refers to the active maintenance of a truce between nations or communities, especially by an international military force. Broadly refers to the deployment of national or, more commonly, multinational forces for the purpose...
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...UN : THE NEXT CENTURY CHAPTER - 1 : INTRODUCTION “More than ever before in human history, we share a common destiny. We can master it only if we face it together. And that is why we have the United Nations” - Kofi Annan 1. The United Nations officially came into existence on 24 October 1945, when the UN Charter had been ratified by a majority of the original 51 Member States. The day is now celebrated each year around the world as United Nations Day. 2. The purpose of the United Nations is to bring all nations of the world together to work for peace and development, based on the principles of justice, human dignity and the well-being of all people. It affords the opportunity for countries to balance global interdependence and national interests when addressing international problems. 3. There are currently 192 Members of the United Nations. They meet in the General Assembly, which is the closest thing to a world parliament. Each country, large or small, rich or poor, has a single vote, however, none of the decisions taken by the Assembly are binding. Nevertheless, the Assembly's decisions become resolutions that carry the weight of world governmental opinion. 4 he United Nations Headquarters is in New York City but the land and buildings are international territory. The United Nations has its own flag, its own post office and its own postage stamps. Six official languages are used at the United Nations - Arabic, Chinese, English, French, Russian...
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...the open meetings of the UN Security |News Analysis More | | |Council on key issues such as the situation in West Asia, Afghanistan, Iraq as | | | |well as on thematic issues such as threats to international peace and |• Darfur Force by UNSC | | |international security. India has been an active participant in eleven out of | | | |fifteen ongoing UN Peace Keeping Operations around the world. |• Fund to Acquire Clean Tech | | |India welcomed the unanimous adoption of Resolution 1511 as a positive step | | | |towards the restoration of sovereignty to the Iraqi people, although it noted |• Sudan Expels UN Envoy over Blog | | |that the Resolution lacked specificity regarding the timing of the transfer. At| | | |the 58th Session of the First Committee of UNGA, in recognition of the widely |• Pak Disputes Baglihar Dam Report | | |shared concern of the international community about the heightened dangers | | | |posed by the risk of terrorists getting access to weapons of mass destruction, |• UN Wants to Stop Violence against...
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...BUILDING CIVILIAN CAPACITY BY ARMED FORCES OF BANGLADESH FOR PEACE BUILDING MISSIONS IN UNITED NATIONS 1. Bangladesh stepped into the family of 'Blue-Helmet' through participation in UNIIMOG (Iraq-Iran) in 1988 with 15 Military Observers from Bangladesh Army. Bangladesh Navy and Bangladesh Air Force joined UNPKO in 1993 while Bangladesh Police joined in 1989. Till now Bangladesh has contributed in 54 UN peacekeeping missions in 39 countries, where 1,13,169 Bangladeshi peacekeepers have participated of which 1,02,794 are from the Armed Forces. At present with strength of 9,111 peacekeepers (7,197 from the Armed Forces), Bangladesh is the highest peacekeepers contributing country in the world. Being the largest troops and police contributing country for UN peace keeping missions, Bangladesh holds a large UN experienced work force. The experience of such a large work force can be utilized effectively in peace building role even after they retire from the government service. 2. Peace building in countries emerging from conflict is a huge, complex undertaking as it happens in an insecure, politically fragile and therefore challenging environment. There is always a challenge to match the crucial response time with the availability of experienced civilian workforce to be deployed for peace building missions. In this respect UN has rightly focused on building civilian capacity in members states. Creating a national database as a tool of human resource system is surely a need of...
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...adopted by the leader, General Romeo Dallaire and the UN and its member states. It highlights the challenges Dallaire had faced in maintaining a peace process and the inaction of the UN to prevent the genocide. It will focus on the types of decision making processes; sporadic decision, fluid decision and constricted decision. In addition the models of decision making; rational, bureaucratic, garbage can and political will be discussed. The review will also look into the geo-political relations. Dallaire’s assessment was to make a decision whether the UN should commit in sending a full-fledged peacekeeping force to Rwanda. Dallaire required a long period of time to come out with his decision as it required him to do a fact finding mission. Cray, David ; Mallory, Geoffrey R. ; Butler, Richard J. ; Hickson, David J. ; Wilson, David C. (1998) indicated that there is a certain latitude in the way that the decision is made and this leads to these decisions taking more time. Rational decision was made where he had to consider the situation with careful evaluation. This decision was then sent to the UN to make final decision. It was a bureaucratic decision as final decision was to be made at the top level. However, Dallaire knew that the UN would not send force by September 10th. He had to suffer from time delay waiting for decision to be made. This shows an unitary approach of decision making as a general agreement had to be made by the UN. Dallaire planned to create a supportive administrative...
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... United Nations DPKO [1] These words illustrate the highest standards of integrity and conduct that need to be maintained and performed by the UN peacekeepers as required by the United Nations Organization. The world’s largest “club” embodies the aspirations of all the people of the world for maintaining peace and security of all its member states. It also at a glance demonstrates the main role or aims that have been made the responsibility of UN peacekeepers in relieving a conflict-torn country, although it relies on their dignity and restraint. Despite the many motivations behind UN peacekeepers (soldiers) joining the UN peace operations, such as compulsory military service, the opportunity for travel or adventure, to pursue a career, adding some skills that can be useful after retiring from service, or simply for better pay; many express their interest to bring peace to people and stability to an area wrecked by conflict.[2] My experience as a former UN peacekeeper in the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC) from 2004 until 2005 encouraged my intention to analyze what was going on there. UN peace operation has played its role twice in this country, with much of the “traditional peacekeeping” function being placed in the first UN “military operation” in the DRC. My question is whether the latter “giant” UN peace operation in the DRC (the largest ever) will end up being similar to the previous operation, especially regarding the problems and challenges faced...
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...to: navigation, search | This article is incomplete. Please help to improve the section, or discuss the issue on the talk page. (September 2012) | The United Nations Security Council. Reform of the United Nations Security Council (UNSC) encompasses five key issues: categories of membership, the question of the veto held by the five permanent members, regional representation, the size of an enlarged Council and its working methods, and the Security Council-General Assembly relationship. Member States, regional groups and other Member State interest groupings developed different positions and proposals on how to move forward on this contested issue.[1] The reform of the Security Council requires the agreement of at least two-thirds of UN member states and that of all the permanent members of the UNSC, enjoying the veto right.[2] Contents * 1 History * 2 General Assembly Task Force * 3 Increasing membership * 3.1 "In Larger Freedom" * 3.2 Uniting for Consensus * 4 New permanent member proposals * 4.1 Brazil * 4.2 Germany * 4.3 India * 4.4 Japan * 4.5 Membership of a Muslim-majority nation * 4.6 Africa * 5 Veto reform * 6 Overall positions on reforming the Security Council * 6.1 United States * 6.2 United Kingdom and France * 6.3 Russia * 6.4 India * 6.5 Brazil * 6.6 South Africa * 6.7 Portugal * 7 References * 8 Further reading * 9 External...
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...PRACTICE & PROBLEMS OF HUMAN RESOURCE DEPARTMENT OF BANGLADESH ARMY INTRODUCTION 1. Human beings are the most important resources in an organization. A firm’s / organization’s success depends on the capabilities of its members. Most problems, challenges, opportunities and frustrations in an organization are people related. Human Resource Management is one of the toughest duties of a manager or leader since humans differ in terms of attitudes, values, aspirations, motivations, assumptions, psychology, and life goals. Looking at today’s competitive world, managerial level staff will require more conceptual and strategic skills. Managers have to be proactive, able to anticipate technological developments and prepare their staff for whatever technological changes that might take place. This will be a successful task only when the HRM itself is fully aware of those changes and has the means to deal with them. HR managers have a number of roles to fulfill. They are the guardians of the manpower- the key assets of the organizations. They are also counselor and protector of employees and directly responsible for their effectiveness in the organization. They need to do their jobs in keeping with the existing laws, rules and regulations of the organization, and promote harmony at the workplace. This has direct bearing in a healthier and more attractive work environment. The success or failure of HR depends also on the top management’s recognition of the importance of HRM, and...
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...benefits for mankind and its opponents stressing disproportionate benefits for the rich, and marginalisation and disempowerment of the poor, for countries such as Bangladesh with low income, smaller capacities and even lesser bargaining turf, globalisation has thrown up a host of challenges with great rapidity. And yet we continually strive to integrate into a globalised world whilst balancing our national agenda of democracy, development and trade. While speaking on Bangladesh, since coming here as Bangladesh’s High Commissioner I have come to realize, increasingly and sadly as time has gone by, that Bangladesh is often bypassed and when discussed or referred to in the South Asian context, the emphasis more often than not is on negative elements. Overcoming certain misperceptions about my country and bringing it out of the ugly shadows generated by misinformation, sometimes seem in itself the biggest challenge to me. However, whatever we as a nation have achieved since our independence have come as part of our victories in our persistent struggle on numerous fronts in an increasingly globalized world. As it traversed the oceans of fire and blood during its long struggle for national independence, across the barren desert of autocratic rule and overcoming the horrendous calamities wrought by nature’s wrath, Bangladesh has manifested, if nothing else, its indomitable spirit of defiance, its astonishing resilience and the thunder in its heart. And its people are the heroic...
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...European Union:- A group of European countries that participates in the world economy as one economic unit and operates under one official currency, the euro. The EU's goal is to create a barrier-free trade zone and to enhance economic wealth by creating more efficiency within its marketplace. The current formalized incarnation of the European Union was created in 1993 with 12 initial members. Since then, many additional countries have since joined. The EU has become one of the largest producers in the world, in terms of GDP, and the euro has maintained a competitive value against the U.S. dollar. EU and non-EU members must agree to many legal requirements in order to trade with the EU member states. The European Union is a group of countries whose governments work together. It's a bit like a club. To join you have to agree to follow the rules and in return you get certain benefits. Each country has to pay money to be a member. They mostly do this through taxes. The EU uses the money to change the way people live and do business in Europe. Countries join because they think that they will benefit from the changes the EU makes EU is a unique economic and political partnership between 27 European countries that together cover much of the continent. The EU was created in the aftermath of the Second World War. The first steps were to foster economic cooperation: the idea being that countries who trade with one another become economically interdependent and so more likely to...
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...Brazil occupies a large area along the eastern coast of South America and includes much of the continent's interior,[141] sharing land borders with Uruguay to the south; Argentina and Paraguay to the southwest; Bolivia and Peru to the west; Colombia to the northwest; and Venezuela, Guyana, Suriname and the French overseas department of French Guiana to the north The Ministry of External Relations is responsible for managing the foreign relations of Brazil. Brazil is a significant political and economic power in Latin America and a key player on the world stage.[1] Brazil's foreign policy reflects its role as a regional power and a potential world power and is designed to help protect the country's national interests, national security, ideological goals, and economic prosperity. Between World War II and 1990, both democratic and military governments sought to expand Brazil's influence in the world by pursuing a state-led industrial policy and an independent foreign policy. Brazilian foreign policy has recently aimed to strengthen ties with other South American countries, engage in multilateral diplomacy through the United Nations and the Organization of American States, and act at times as a countervailing force to U.S. political and economic influence in Latin America. Contents * 1 Overview * 2 Foreign policy * 2.1 Lula da Silva administration * 2.2 Rousseff administration * 3 Regional policy * 4 Diplomatic relations * 5 United Nations politics ...
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...Policy Framework for Sustainable Development, including national and international dimensions “published by UNCTAD Brief on the achievement of 2011 Actual inflow of Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) in 2011 reached the highest ever level in the history of Bangladesh at US$1136.38 million, according to a report of UNCTAD. The amount is 24.42% higher than US$913.32 million recorded in 2010. The FDI inflow is comprised fresh equity amounting to US$431.85 million, while US$489.63 million came from reinvested earnings and the rest of US$214.90 million is from intra company loans. It appears from the above that reinvested earning and intra-company loans has increased to a large extent which signifies the confidence of the investors in the investment climate of Bangladesh despite apprehension on the performance of the economy by various quarters. The sectoral projection is as follows: The major sectors that attracted FDI include textile US$272.042 million, banking US$249.37 million, power gas and petroleum at US$238.21 million, telecommunications at US$180.99 million and Cement US$51.65 million. The investments that has come the countries are as follows: The countries that have invested substantially in Bangladesh in 2011 are US$152.30 million Egypt, US$117.74 million USA, US$116.75 million Netherlands, US$116.32 UK ,US$113.06 million South Korea, US$104.84 million Hong Kong, and US$72.80 million from Australia. The summary of the investment made can be viewed as...
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...Introduction “The efforts of global powers to establish a global system to create a balance of power in the world to suit their interest are the root cause of global peace, conflict & refugee crisis.” The above statement is our debate topic & we are supporting the statement. Before we present our arguments to support it, the following questions should be answered: • Who are global powers? • What is balance of power? • What is their (global power’s) interest? • What is global peace, conflict & refugee crisis? The answers to above terms will provide us clear view on the esteemed statement. The terms are discussed as follows: Global Power: There are 10 powerful countries, the 10 great powers that can rock the world. They have been ranked by their fire power & ability to shape both their regional environments and the international system as a whole; among all the world’s countries these are the ones with the most ability to affect global politics by their choices. The global power rankings are revised every year. Until 2016, the top 10 global powers are as follows: 1. United States of America 2. United Kingdom 3. Germany 4. China 5. Japan 6. Russia 7. India 8. Turkey 9. Iran 10. South Korea Balance of Power: In international relations, the posture and policy of a nation or group of nations protecting itself against another nation or group of nations by matching its power against the power of the other side. States can...
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...ACKNOWLEDGEMENT Preface The charts and explanatory text in this section provide definitive, irrefutable evidence that market timing is often perfect to the day for periods covering many decades! This statement is equally correct when market time is measured in increments, and timing. These are very strong assertions, or to put it in the vernacular, this is pretty "scary stuff", but also very exciting! Nevertheless, as will be demonstrated, the Economics, the facts, cannot be ignored! The big "WHY?" do markets conform to such orderly progression can be answered from a various perspective. If you have read the article on Log Spirals, on this site or in the, you are already aware of population concept that the markets belong to the natural realm and therefore order is "natural" for them. However, document are created by humankind, and there is no evidence of any conscious plot by information movers and shakers to create perfect knowledge. Perhaps the urge to create order is subconscious. WORLD POPULATION The world population is the population of humans on the planet Earth. In 2009, the United Nations estimated the population to be 6,800,000,000; current estimates by the United States Census Bureau put the population at 6,831,000,000. The world population has experienced continuous growth since the end of the Black Death around the year 1400;the highest rates of growth—increases above 1.8% per year—were seen briefly during the 1950s, then for a longer period...
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