Premium Essay

7 Faces of Profits

In:

Submitted By writeanubha
Words 854
Pages 4
7 FACES OF PROFITS

It’s that time of the year when quarterly reports flood mailboxes and dailies, and the words ‘earnings’ and ‘profit’ jump out from all over. But which profit should you consider to evaluate a company? What is the utility of profitability measures? Here’s a guide to understanding profits.

Gross Profit

What is it? It is the amount earned from sale of products after deducting production costs.

What it does: Signals efficiency with which a company is making money. Indicates how much mark-up a company can generate on its sales.

Other clues: A company with rising gross profit means it can command premium prices. This also implies cost efficiency, making the company highly competitive.

Black spots: Works as a primary indicator. Gross profit is similar to an incomplete story. To know more about a company, you have to read other signs.

Ebitda

What is it? It means earnings (or profit) before interest, taxes, depreciation and amortisation. It is calculated by subtracting operating, general, administrative and marketing expenses from gross profits.

What it does : Measures profitability. Say, you are having trouble deciding between companies, it is the best tool to compare them because it weeds out the effects of financing and accounting decisions.

Other clues: You can also compare sectors.

Black spots: Ebitda is not a good measure of cash flows. Companies may use it to dress up earnings.

Ebit, or operating profit

What is it? Ebit is earnings before interest and taxes. It is calculated by deducting depreciation and amortisation charges from Ebitda.

What it does: Measures a company’s earning capacity. An effective comparison tool. Examines performance of companies by negating the effects of financing and taxes. It is useful for shareholders and creditors.

Black spots: Suffers from similar problems as

Similar Documents

Free Essay

Craddock Cup

...been beautiful, the referees had been fair, and the local hotels and restaurants had profited from the influx of people. Nevertheless, Rivaldo knew that the Craddock Cup was in trouble. Tournament expenses continued to rise, while corporate sponsorships remained difficult to obtain. CYSL had founded the Craddock Cup, in part, to fund a field-acquisition program for the league, with the expectation that the tournament would generate at least $6,000 annually toward that goal. Unfortunately, with tournament profits averaging a loss of almost $4,000 a year, CYSL’s board of directors was beginning to express frustration with the lack of profits generated by the Craddock Cup. Rivaldo knew the Craddock Cup was in danger of being canceled, and that he risked losing his job with CYSL if he did not devise a plan to increase tournament profits. He decided to review the organization and expenses of the Craddock Cup to see if there was a way to increase the cup’s profits and continue the tournament. Background The Craddock Cup was widely regarded as the premier tournament for high school soccer players in the region. The tournament consisted of a boys’ high...

Words: 2257 - Pages: 10

Premium Essay

Word Final

...A project On Forecasting Profit ( by using different methods) of Emerging Branding Agency. Kaniz Farzana ID. 1221574 Background of the Study: Invenio is a creative brand communication agency with a mission for creative innovation and excellence dedicated to help business houses to enhance it’s enterprise value by building their brands. Invenio offers a wide range of it’s implementation in terms of strategic marketing. Invenio has started their journey from July, 2011.Last seven month Invenio performed a wide range of services. Over the last few years, this kind of communication agencies become popular and demand full, as well as competitive. In this sector some experienced company (like-Asiatic. Red dot) are leading and many more new companies are also entering. In this situation, Invenio has to careful about their performance; otherwise they will not survive in this competitive market. Now, to compare their present performance and desire performance, Invenio want to forecast their next five months profit , on the basis of their last seven months profit. So that they can evaluate themselves and can adopt appropriate step to achieve a strong position in the competitive market. Objectives of the Study: The main objective is forecast profit of the company. This forecast play a vital role to find out is company’s trend is up-warding or down-warding.it also can guide a company to gain desire position. At the time of decision making...

Words: 1079 - Pages: 5

Premium Essay

Examine the Provisions and Principles of International Accounting Standard 1 (Ias 1)

...CAPE COAST PLOYTECHNIC NAME: GABRIEL NMAI REG. NO: 021201226 COURSE: HND ACCOUNTANCY CLASS: ACCOUNTING 1B TITTLE: PRINCIPLES OF FINANCIAL ACCOUNTING ASSIGNMENT RESEARCH QUESTION EXAMINE THE PROVISIONS AND PRINCIPLES OF INTERNATIONAL ACCOUNTING STANDARD 1 (IAS 1) What is IAS 1? The International Accounting Standards Board (IASB) provides a conceptual framework for the preparation and presentation of financial statements. This currently consists of: 30 standards (IAS 1 – IAS 41) and 11 interpretations (SIC 7 – SIC 32). IAS-1: Presentation of Financial Statement Paragraph 7 of IAS -1 states that general purpose financial statements are those intended to meet the needs of users who are not in a position to demand reports that are tailored to their particular information needs. Paragraph10 of IAS -1 gives the complete list of these general purpose financial statements as follows: • A statement of financial position at the end of the period; • A statement of comprehensive income for the period; • A statement of changes in equity for the period; • A statement of cash flows for the period; • Notes, comprising a summary of significant accounting policies and other explanatory information; Elements of Financial Statements: According to the Paragraph 9 of IAS-1, the financial statements provide information about the following information about the entity’s :  Assets  Liabilities  Equity  Income and expenses  Contribution by and distribution...

Words: 2050 - Pages: 9

Premium Essay

Finance

...Ans homework 5 EE 311 1. Suppose that Intel has a monopoly in the market for microprocessors in Brazil. During the year 2005, it faces a market demand curve given by P = 9 - Q, where Q is millions of microprocessors sold per year. Suppose you know nothing about Intel’s costs of production. Assuming that Intel acts as a profit-maximizing monopolist, would it ever sell 7 million microprocessors in Brazil in 2005? If demand is P  9  Q , then MR  9  2Q . If the firm sets Q  7 , then MR  5 . At this point, if the firm lowered its output it would increase total revenue, and with the lower level of output total cost would fall. Thus, decreasing output would increase profit. Therefore, a profit-maximizing monopolist facing this demand curve would never choose Q  7 . 2. A monopolist faces a demand curve P = 210 - 4Q and initially faces a constant marginal cost MC = 10. a) Calculate the profit-maximizing monopoly quantity and compute the monopolist’s total revenue at the optimal price. b) Suppose that the monopolist’s marginal cost increases to MC = 20. Verify that the monopolist’s total revenue goes down. c) Suppose that all firms in a perfectly competitive equilibrium had a constant marginal cost MC = 10. Find the long-run perfectly competitive industry price and quantity. d) Suppose that all firms’ marginal costs increased to MC = 20. Verify that the increase in marginal cost causes total industry revenue to go up. a) With demand P  210  4Q , MR  210  8Q . Setting...

Words: 3799 - Pages: 16

Premium Essay

Jet2 Task#1

...Management of Competition Bikes, Inc. will then use this information to help influence decisions that will meet with company goals. The financial analysis report for Competition Bikes, Inc. (CBI) will include a total of four sections. The financial strengths and weaknesses for years 6, 7, and 8 will be analyzed through utilization of horizontal analysis, vertical analysis, trend analysis and ratio analysis. Secondly, the company’s working capital will be reviewed. Suggestions will be made on how to improve working capital and improve profits. Thirdly, the internal controls within CBI will be reviewed and weaknesses will be identified at this time. Finally, the Sarbanes-Oxley requirements will be detailed and requirements that CBI needs to adhere to for risk reduction and maintain compliance. A1a. Horizontal Analysis CBI years 6 and 7 will be compared first and then years 7 and 8. This will provide a three year time period to analyze. This information will provide insight into CBI business and if business is growing, steady, or falling. CBI net sales showed a 33.8 percent increase between years 6 and 7. A net sale increase shows a sign of strength within the industry. However, between years 7 and 8 net sales dropped by 15% and indicate a weakness within industry. CBI will need to find ways within their budget to make up for this shortfall. CBI realizes the shortfall is due to the economic situation, since professional riders who saw...

Words: 5856 - Pages: 24

Premium Essay

Danainfra

...Retail Sukuk KNOWLEDGE PACK INVESTORS ARE ADVISED TO READ AND UNDERSTAND THE CONTENTS OF THIS KNOWLEDGE PACK. IF IN DOUBT, PLEASE CONSULT YOUR PROFESSIONAL ADVISER. 21 JULY 2014 Important Notice This document is prepared for investors’ information purposes only on the exchange traded Sukuk to be issued by DanaInfra Nasional Berhad (“DanaInfra Retail Sukuk”). The information within this document does not constitute an offer, recommendation or solicitation to buy or sell DanaInfra Retail Sukuk elaborated in this document. It does not claim to contain any advice or complete information on DanaInfra Retail Sukuk, nor is it a substitute for professional investment advice. As such, it is strongly recommended that you seek professional advice with regard to the investment and the risks associated with investing in DanaInfra Retail Sukuk. Please note that the information contained in this document is deemed to be accurate to the best of our knowledge as of the date of publication as stated on the front cover. DanaInfra Retail Sukuk is an investment product offered to the public in Malaysia. The public should not rely on the information contained in this document and are urged to do your research as deemed appropriate before making any investment decision. Factual statements in this document are made as of the date stated and are subject to change without notice. DanaInfra Retail Sukuk prices may go up as well as down. There are fees and charges involved and...

Words: 10854 - Pages: 44

Premium Essay

Student

...Foundations of Finance Solutions to Homework 3 Prof. Eduardo D´vila a Topic 6: Equity Valuation 1. Suppose that the consensus forecast of security analysts of your favorite company is that earnings next year will be E1 = $5.00 per share. Suppose that the company tends to plow back 50% of its earnings and pay the rest as dividends. If the Chief Financial Officer (CFO) estimates that the company’s growth rate will be 8% from now onwards, answer the following questions. (a) If your estimate of the company’s required rate of return on its stock is 10%, what is the equilibrium price of the stock? The equilibrium price of a stock can be determined using Gordon’s growth formula as follows: E1 (1 − b) P0 = R−g where b = .5 the plow back ratio, R = .10 the required rate of return, and g = .08 is the growth rate. Thus, the price should be: P0 = $5(1 − .5) = $125 .10 − .08 (b) Suppose you observe that the stock is selling for $50.00 per share, and that this is the best estimate of its equilibrium price. What would you conclude about either (i) your estimate of the stock’s required rate of return; or (ii) the CFO’s estimate of the company’s future growth rate? Recall from the formula above, that a higher required rate of return implies a lower equilibrium price of the stock. On the other hand, a higher growth rate implies a higher stock price. Thus, a lower equilibrium stock price ($50 < $125) could indicate that either: (1) the required rate of return is...

Words: 3016 - Pages: 13

Premium Essay

Introduction to Microeconomics

...Use the following to answer questions 1-2: Figure and Table: Market for Taxi Rides 1.|(Figure and Table: Market for Taxi Rides) The figure represents a competitive market for taxi rides. If the government now imposes an excise tax of $4 per ride (causing the supply curve to shift upward by that amount), then the government will collect tax revenues of ________, which might be used for worthwhile purposes. However, there will be an excess burden (or deadweight loss) to society of ________ caused by this tax.| || || || D)|$24 million; $8 million| 2.|(Figure and Table: Market for Taxi Rides) The figure represents a competitive market for taxi rides. If the government now imposes an excise tax of $3 per ride (causing the supply curve to shift upward by that amount), then the government will collect tax revenues of ________, which might be used for worthwhile purposes, but there will be an excess burden (or deadweight loss) to society of ________ caused by this tax.| || || C)|$21 million; $4.5 million| || Use the following to answer questions 3-4: 3.|(Table: Market for Fried Twinkies) The government decides to tax fried Twinkies at a rate of $0.30 per Twinkie and collect that tax from the producers. Using the table, the consumers will pay ________ per Twinkie and buy ________ Twinkies after the tax.| A)|$1.20; 8,000| B)|$1.30; 7,000| C)|$1.40; 6,000| D)|$1.50; 5,000| 4.|(Table: Market for Fried Twinkies) The government decides to tax...

Words: 1028 - Pages: 5

Premium Essay

Proj 586 Wk 1/ Charter Hw

...The mission of $%$% is to bring back our society to the everyday face-to-face conversations by utilizing all the internet resources to communicate faster. This project will create an evolutionary way to have the networking that we are using every second and apply it into a way to understand that if we can use both face-to-face and technology interaction our society will learn to manage technology instead of technology managing our society. We will have open areas for people to sit around and just talk about everyday stuff, and at the same exchange information that is relevant to them without any monetary transaction. There will also be a café area that will be serving hot & cold drinks, pastries, cold & hot sandwiches. I am planning to complete this project by renting an space not too far or too closed to the downtown area, hiring customer service oriented people that will be trained to promote our mission, hiring an interior designed to analyze the space and maximize the idea utilizing their designs and furniture. Purchasing state-of-the-art internet services and hand holding devices to help promote the networking with others. 1. High-Level Deliverable will be to give an excellent training to the staff in all the devices that will be provided to the customers. 2. High –Level Deliverable will be utilize state-of-the-art accessories including internet services, devices and furniture 3. High- Level Deliverable exquisite cuisine to make sure that customers...

Words: 1427 - Pages: 6

Premium Essay

Entrepreneurship Elements

...Entrepreneur Articles Jeremy Gonzalez’s author of FIVE TIPS FOR BOOTSTRAPPERS began his entrepreneur career at George Washington University. Doomed to face the economic recession, Jeremy developed a business plan to help lessen the chances of living at home after college. With only $200 to his name, Jeremy began to develop a cost effective business, which he calls bootstrapping. The article describes how to get products and ideas onto the market without large amounts of expense. According to Jeremy, the Young Entrepreneur Council calls Bootstrapping Shoe-strapping ( boots are too expensive. With this business philosophy in mind, Jeremy describes how he started up his business. His advice on business was 1 don’t get an office. When first starting out an office is unnecessary overhead. Spend money elsewhere, mainly on the team and its resources. “I worked out of my bedroom and some local coffee shops to cut overhead cost,” Jeremy stated. Second, Get accounting software on Day 1. Jeremy explains how keeping up with accounting will help track your expenses, profits, salaries and overhead cost. This helps in the beginning stages of business so your not surprised by how much you owe your employees later. Third, Ignore lawyers- they kill deals. “Lawyers are, by nature, very cautious” Jeremy states. As a result this can be very off putting to customers, especially if you present a new market niche. All in all, the section explains to be cautious about the legal formalities...

Words: 1375 - Pages: 6

Premium Essay

Fin111

...FIN111: Introductory Principles of Finance Spring 2015 – School of Accounting, Economics and Finance WEEK 3: Parrino et al chapter 1: Critical Thinking 2, 4 & 6; Questions and problems 4, 7, 8, 14 & 23; Kidwell et al chapter 1: Questions and problems 1, 4 & 6. Parrino et al Chapter 1 Critical Thinking 2. The primary financial management decisions every company faces are capital budgeting decisions, financing decisions, and working capital management decisions. Capital budgeting addresses the question of which productive assets to buy; thus, it affects the asset side of the balance sheet. Financing decisions focus on raising the money the company needs to buy productive assets. This is typically accomplished by selling long-term debt and equity. Finally, working capital decisions involve how companies manage their current assets and liabilities. The focus here is seeing that a company has enough money to pay its bills and that any spare money is invested to earn interest. 4. Although profit maximisation appears to be the logical goal for any company, it has many drawbacks. First, profit can be defined in a number of different ways, and variations in profit for similar companies can vary widely. Second, accounting profits do not exactly equal cash flows. Third, profit maximisation does not account for timing and ignores risk associated with cash flows. An appropriate goal for financial managers who do not have these objections is to maximise the shareholders’...

Words: 942 - Pages: 4

Premium Essay

Manganger

...FIN111: Introductory Principles of Finance Spring 2015 – School of Accounting, Economics and Finance WEEK 3: Parrino et al chapter 1: Critical Thinking 2, 4 & 6; Questions and problems 4, 7, 8, 14 & 23; Kidwell et al chapter 1: Questions and problems 1, 4 & 6. Parrino et al Chapter 1 Critical Thinking 2. The primary financial management decisions every company faces are capital budgeting decisions, financing decisions, and working capital management decisions. Capital budgeting addresses the question of which productive assets to buy; thus, it affects the asset side of the balance sheet. Financing decisions focus on raising the money the company needs to buy productive assets. This is typically accomplished by selling long-term debt and equity. Finally, working capital decisions involve how companies manage their current assets and liabilities. The focus here is seeing that a company has enough money to pay its bills and that any spare money is invested to earn interest. 4. Although profit maximisation appears to be the logical goal for any company, it has many drawbacks. First, profit can be defined in a number of different ways, and variations in profit for similar companies can vary widely. Second, accounting profits do not exactly equal cash flows. Third, profit maximisation does not account for timing and ignores risk associated with cash flows. An appropriate goal for financial managers who do not have these objections is to maximise the shareholders’...

Words: 942 - Pages: 4

Free Essay

Business Case Study

...Company Profile Moulinex S.A Address: 11, rue Jules-Ferry BP 45 93171 Bagnolet Cedex France Telephone: (33): 01.41.99.41.99 Fax: (33) 01.43.34.32.10 Statistics: Public Company Incorporated: 1953 as Société d'Etudes Chimie et Mechanique Légumex Employees: 8,400 Sales: FFr7.69 billion (1996) Stock Exchanges: Paris SICs: 3634 Electric Housewares & Fans; 3631 Household Cooking Equipment; 3635 Household Vacuum Cleaners; 3639 Household Appliances, Not Elsewhere Classified Company Background Moulinex is a French brand of small electrical appliances and kitchen equipment and is owned by Groupe SEB. Moulinex was originally established as a company in 1937, however at the beginning of September 2001, Moulinex declared bankruptcy. Moulinex was the company that originally designed the Mouli grater. It became a household name through its kitchen blenders and appliances - the first of which it launched in 1932. It also enjoyed great success in the US when it...

Words: 826 - Pages: 4

Premium Essay

P6 Business

...Tesco Security is very important in Tesco, security is a guard on Tesco from threats that they may face. There are many kinds of security Tesco should look into safeguarding for example security for payment. This is because in business customers will clearly be buying from Tesco, therefore they have to input their details and purchase online. Tesco should upsurge their security by inputting high security events such as firewalls that are anti hacking and a safe record that reductions the fears of hackers. So this will consequence in clients being pleased with Tesco and will create clients to feel protected and harmless as well as gaining trust in them in providing their information to them online. A work-related permitting online business is a big risk to take as this means that Tesco will have to plan and develop a commercial strategy to cut risks. Tesco could put in place, passwords and long codes to make security difficult for any threats such as hackers to hack. Competition (dynamic pricing) Competition is mainly about clienteles having faith in the commercial and the company’s capability to compete with key competitors. Competition means to offer the best for clienteles so that their clienteles will rise and existing clienteles to return. To effectively compete means that Tesco will advance increase in, for example more faith and memorability from clientele’s aspects, so this has to be vital as Tesco’s status is the importance of the business. Tesco needs to set a right...

Words: 934 - Pages: 4

Premium Essay

Inventory Proposal

...Inventory Proposal Learning Team C was tasked with preparing a project proposal that would analyze and present data on an inventory management problem that Amazon Incorporated (Amazon) could face. The Summer Historical Inventory Data shown below was used in the calculations: Month Year 1 Year 2 Year 3 Year 4 1 18,000 45,100 59,800 35,500 2 19,800 46,530 30,740 51,250 3 15,700 22,100 47,800 34,400 4 53,600 41,350 73,890 68,000 5 83,200 46,000 60,200 68,100 6 72,900 41,800 55,200 61,100 7 55,200 39,800 32,180 62,300 8 57,350 64,100 38,600 66,500 9 15,400 47,600 25,020 31,400 10 27,700 43,050 51,300 36,500 11 21,400 39,300 31,790 16,800 12 17,100 10,300 31,100 18,900 The following proposal includes a short description of Amazon, a short discussion of the inventory system problem that Amazon might face, and the benefits if the problem is solved. Team C used the dataset provided to calculate monthly indexes (using year 1 month 1 as the base), quarterly indexes (using year 1 quarter 1 as the base), and annual indexes of the four years. The busy and slow periods for each were identified. Histograms were constructed for the monthly, quarterly, and annual values. A regression equation, rate of change, and a forecast for year 7 inventory costs, using rate of change as the interest rate, were calculated as part of the analysis for the annual section. Amazon Amazon is a large, internet based business that has been able to maintain its success partially due to the effectiveness...

Words: 1264 - Pages: 6