...There were several factors that played a significant part in the rise of the abolition movement in the North. Some these factors include slave rebellions, abolitionist literature, the Second Great Awakening, the voices of influential abolitionists, and other such influences. These impactful circumstances that occurred after 1830 caused the abolition of slavery to become one of the biggest political and moral forefronts in America. To begin with, Nat Turner’s Rebellion impacted many people. In August 1831, rebel slaves led by Nat Turner killed over fifty white people. This was the only effective slave rebellion, and the story of this uprising became national news. It caused many people in the North to think the only way to prevent such a thing...
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...Janeiro recorded its largest annual import of African Slaves (18, 677) in 1810 and total slave imports to the Americas rose again in the 1820s. After the Emancipation Act, British abolitionists were sorely discomfited to learn that, by 1840, there were more slaves in British India than had been emancipated in the British colonies of the Caribbean. The British Abolition Act (and the later Emancipation Act) has since been subject to intense scrutiny from revisionist historians who have debated its importance and significance. The 2007 issue of Essays and Studies is devoted to essays addressing the literature, language and culture of Abolitionism and Slavery to mark the bicentennial of the Act. The volume is edited by Peter Kitson and Brycchan Carey and contains eight essays of 8,000 words which address a subject relevant to the culture of abolitionism and the legacy of 1807. Leading scholars and critics in the field were invited to contribute to the volume. The volume is intended to address the moment of the Act itself but also its conflicting and ambiguous meanings and legacy over a wider historical and cultural field; issues such as the literature of slavery and abolition, remembering slavery, consumerism and...
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...ASSIGNMENT: PERFECTION ERA PAPER Assignment: Perfection Era Paper The Perfection Era Colonial expansion spread colonists both west- and southward, causing many colonists to settle far from the churches that had been established in the north. New communities and churches were being built and many of the ideals of the Enlightenment were being questioned. The ideals of the Great Awakening and those who were members of this movement believed in the desire to create a perfect, equalitarian society, and the Perfection Era held along side those beliefs. The Second Great Awakening began with the evangelical Protestant church, including Congregational, Presbyterian, Baptist and Methodist, becoming the dominant form of Christianity (Davidson, Gienapp, Heyrman, Lytle, and Stoff, 2006). Evangelicalism emphasized each person’s ability to create his or her salvation and by catering to the masses. Along with Charles Finney’s (a minister) optimistic doctrine of perfectionism, the revivals of the evangelicals reinforced the American belief in democracy and society. This belief also questioned the long held belief that African Americans as well as women were second class citizens, and throughout several church communities, women and African Americans were allowed to speak, preach and vote in church and on matters of the church (Davidson, Gienapp, et al, 2006). The Perfection Era brought about many changes for women and slaves. The role women played in the Awakening...
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...Chapter 16 THE SOUTH AND SLAVERY, 1793–1860 1. Part Three Introduction This introduction gives you a preview of the authors’ answers to certain key questions about the causes and consequences of the nation’s “awesome trial by fire,” the Civil War. Look at this section and list three major questions you think the authors will be addressing in the next seven chapters. (1) (2) (3) 2. Southern Economy and Social Structure a. Explain the connection between the invention of the cotton gin by Eli _________ in 17___ and the rapid expansion of short-staple cotton production based on slave labor in the South. If the cotton gin actually made picking seeds from cotton much easier, why did planters perceive a vastly increased need for slave labor? b. Cotton was king in both the South and in Britain. By 1840, cotton amounted to _____percent of U. S. exports and accounted for more than _____percent of the world’s supply. Britain’s economy was based on cotton textiles, and Britain got _____percent of its fiber supply from the South. (No wonder Southerners thought England would “be tied to them by cotton threads” in the event of conflict with the North.) c. List two negatives of this Southern plantation economy mentioned by the authors. (1) (2) d. Although most slaves were owned by the large-scale planters, most slave-owners held only a few slaves each, and often worked together with them in the fields. The chart on p. 353...
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...Religious Sources of Reform A. Second Great Awakening--religious revivals among Protestants. 1. Unlike Puritans, who emphasized election, Arminian theology stated that salvation was a matter of individual choice. Individuals needed to repent, confess sins, and accept God's gift of salvation. 2. Focus on the Second Coming of Christ. Need for reform of society to hasten the new Kingdom of God. 3. Biggest impact among women. Evangelical mission to save others gave women more status, purpose. 4. Frontier revivals featured emotional appeals while providing social meetings for settlers B. New religious groups formed as instruments of reform 1. Utopian societies created in reaction to urban growth and industrialization. Emphasis on community and withdrawal from society 2. Shakers--socially radical. Abolished families, practiced celibacy and full equality between sexes. 3. Mormons--Organized by Joseph Smith in 1830 as a cooperative theocracy with himself as the Prophet. Because of persecution, Smith and his followers moved from New York to Ohio to Missouri to Illinois, where he was murdered by opponents. Succeeded by Brigham Young, who led migration to Utah. II. Non-Religious Utopian Communities A. New Harmony, Illinois. 1825. Socialist center founded by Robert Owen to be self-sufficient and existing without currency. Failed after several years. B. Brook Farm Experiment. Transcendentalist in orientation, rejecting society's standards and Enlightenment...
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...The Reformation Movement Research Paper History 117 1. During the 1830s to the 1850s indicated a period when people were beginning to get a sense of reformation regarding American idealism of a democratic and free society. The core goal to end slavery became the central focus to a group known as abolitionists. Formed by a limited amount of men and women both white and black, the abolitionists came most from the North with hardly any from the South. The beliefs of the abolitionists to end slavery in the mid eighteen hundreds, came from not only their understanding of freedom and citizenship which meant equal rights for all persons regardless of their skin color or racial background, but the fact African Americans had not received any rights, and had used slaves as a source of income. Abolitionists indicated “African Americans should be recognized as American citizens and incorporated into the nation”[1], since American society intended for everyone living in the United States to be citizens. Black and white abolitionists who tried to end slavery were William Lloyd Garrison, Theodore Weld, and Frederick Douglas. 2. The movement of the abolition of slavery started to intensify as both northern and southern individuals gathered to voice their hostility towards slavery by using the public sphere. Abolitionists focused mainly on changing the views of the public on slavery by publishing pamphlets, gathering signatures...
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...laws towards slavery. It was under the instruction of Mrs. Auld that young Frederick first learned the alphabet and did not last long as Mr. Auld discovered these lessons. Mr. Auld quickly put a stop to the lessons and left a profound impression on young Frederick. To continue learning Frederick was aware that it would bring him unhappiness but also bring him more power over his enslavers. Rather than accepting Mr. Aulds dictates Frederick took his first rebellious steps toward freedom by teaching himself to read and write. Read more: http://www.answers.com/topic/frederick-douglass#ixzz1qKzNcia3 He escaped slavery at age 20, married, and later moved to Massachusetts. He adopted the name “Douglass” and began to speak on behalf of abolitionism. Eventually, he embarked upon a threeyear speaking...
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...He wrote its initial declaration reading in part: “The right to enjoy liberty is inalienable. To invade it, is to usurp the prerogative of Jehovah. Every man has a right to his own body-to the products of his own labor-to the protection of law-and to the common advantages of society. It is piracy to buy or steal a Native American, and subject him to servitude. Surely the sin is as great to enslave an American as an African.” Within five years, the society had many local chapters. The boom of the Abolitionist Movement with the North, and the large amount of publicity that it created, severely angered the South.(Abolitionism) By the time William was twenty-five years old, he joined the American Colonization Society. The society stated that African Americans should be settled in the west coast of Africa. Later in his life he eventually started his own paper about abolitionism, The Liberator. His paper was used to make him known as being an abolitionist. By 1861, the Civil War had broken out and Garrison had relentlessly criticized the United States Constitution in his paper The Liberator. Nearly four years later the Civil War had finally ended and Garrison’s dream had officially come true as an abolitionist. Called for in the 13th amendment, slavery had been outlawed throughout the United States-in both the South and North.(Biography) By the end of the Civil War, the 13th amendment had abolished slavery in the United States. Abraham Lincoln was a popular abolitionist, in 1863 he has...
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...fighting against slavery, Garrison got married to Helen Eliza in 1834. They had two children: a son and a daughter. Their son's name was Wendell Phillips Garrison and their daughter's name was Fanny Garrison Villard. Their daughter went on and got married and gave birth to Oswald Garrison Villard, William's grandson. Oswald Garrison Villard went on to get married to have his wife give birth Oswald Garrison Villard, William's great-grandson. William was married to Helen until 1876, when she died of pneumonia. William Lloyd Garrison died at New York City, New York in May 24, 1879. He was one of the first abolitionists. He recruited many other abolitionists and helped organize many anti-slavery societies. He put abolitionism before himself and got arrested twice because of abolitionism, and yet he still continued. He helped many abolitionists and was famous for his newspaper and his speeches and lectures. ...
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...changed his mind over political activity, giving the two men opposing views. Frederick Douglass’s way of promoting the abolitionist cause was the most effective in that it took less time to bring upon emancipation. It only took three years until it was confirmed that “moral suasion” and nonviolence were inadequate to destroy slavery. William Lloyd Garrison believed that people would be willing to change their acceptance of slavery if they could see the morality of enslaved people. Though, towards the end of the 1830’s many abolitionists were moving away from the philosophy of moral suasion and onto political action. Political agitation was not only the faster way to abolish slavery; it was the more overpowering and everlasting way to abolitionism. After The Liberator came out with news articles on slavery, the Northern states began to pass laws doing away with slavery and Southern Slaveholders freed thousands of slaves. However, after the founding of The American Colonization Society in 1817, people went back to supporting slavery when cotton production expanded. Moral Suasion does not always last and people do have the tendency to reconsider their thoughts and feelings about a certain issue. Most people do not change their political status from...
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...Summary for Chapter 9 - “Let Your Motto Be Resistance” Summary: This chapter discuss the causes for the militancy among black and white abolitionist. Additionally this chapter clarifies the role of African Americans in the antislavery movement. Despite the fact that there were white people that were one hundred percent anti slavery, there still was a lot of black people that felt as though they were a still the oppressors. The African Americans that had an upper hand, those that did speeches such as Henry Highland Garnet spoke upon resistance, and the immediate abolition of slavery. There were also some African Americans believe that African-American migration and nationalism was the best means to realize black aspirations. On the other hand you have most black abolitionist that disagreed with that outlook, but instead, insisting the aim of freedom in the United States. (130 words) Key Points: The American Anti-Slavery Society was considered as the umbrella organization for immediate abolitionists during the 1830s and the main Garrison organization after 1840. It was the most important organization of the 1830s. This movement was dedicated to quick, unpaid emancipation and equal rights for African Americans in the United States. This organization was major help towards abolition of slavery. (59 words) During the 1830s the AASS adopted a reform based on moral suasion. moral suasion is a tactic endorsed by the American Anti-Slavery Society during the 1830s. it appealed to...
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...Perfection Era Paper September 4, 2011 His 115 U.S. History to 1865 Erica J. Moore 1. The Perfection Era, which occurred during the early 19th century in the United States, marked an important change in the way that minorities viewed themselves within their society. The period beforehand was marked by Deism, the belief that God was a "remote being who created the universe but stopped being involved in it," a strong separation of church and government, and an overall belief in "rational religions" that supported the intellectual knowledge of that time (Dave, 2009). The tides quickly began to change during the first Great Awakening. Ideas began to spread in regards being non-Calvinistic, or pre-ordained, which lead to the expansion of Protestantism from simply being Puritanical or Unitarian (Matthet, 2006). As a result, a majority of Americans had a greater understanding of Christianity as current Americans experience it today (Matthet, 2006). Also, there was a greater concern for ensuring that Native Americans and black slaves had an understanding of Christianity, and they were ministered to as a result (Matthet, 2006). While the first Great Awakening had no significant effect on women, the foundations were being set for women to make a momentous movement towards gaining more rights within United States society. The Perfection Era was characterized by the expansion of the lifestyles of women, who at that time were housewives (Priebe, 2009). Women began to expand...
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...The first article is called “Insurrection at Harper’s Ferry” from the Topeka Tribune. This article paints John Brown as “crazed by misfortunes” and “maddened by Abolitionism”, and how he took over the armory at Harper’s Ferry in an attempt to end slavery. His plan was to provide slaves with weapons to fight off their oppressive masters. It goes on to say how the attack was eventually foiled, and that Brown was injured and captured in the process. Brown claimed his actions are justified by the result he was working toward. Commentary was offered by the writer criticizing Brown’s “scheme” and how the results could have been horrifying. It is concluded by saying Brown is currently recovering from his injuries but will most likely face the...
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...The American Renaissance period, circa 1876-1917, heralded a new sense of nationalism with a pride linking to a spirit akin to Greek democracy, the rule of Roman law, and a cultural and educational reform movement often referred to as Renaissance humanism. This American nationalism focused on the expression of modernism, technology, and academic classicism. Renaissance technological advancements include wire cables supporting the Brooklyn Bridge in the State of New York, along with cultural advancements found in the Prairie School houses, Beaux-Arts Institute of Design in architecture and sculpture. The political heir of American nationalism evolved with the Gilded Age and New Imperialism school of thought. The American Renaissance produced major influential literary works from some of the most brilliant minds in U.S. history, including Ralph Waldo Emerson's the "Representative Man (1850)", Nathaniel Hawthorne's "The Scarlett Letter (1850)" and "The House of Seven Gables (1851)," Herman Melville's "Moby-Dick," Henry David Thoreau's "Walden (1854)," and Walt Whitman's "Leaves of Grass (1855)." American Renaissance Literary Masterpieces The American Renaissance, a literary and cultural period circa extending from 1820 to the mid-1860s, gained inspiration from the unresolved issues of the American Revolution. The American Renaissance literary style was coined as "Romanticism," an international philosophical movement that redefined the perceptions of Western cultures, and...
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...Progress in the abolitionist movement continued to move forward in the United States in the mid-nineteenth century. Abolitionists sought the immediate emancipation of slaves in the southern States. One of the prominent leaders of this movement to free slaves was John Brown. Brown stood out in his impassioned beliefs that total emancipation could only come about through violence and that peaceful insurrection was ineffective. Brown's beliefs and actions would rouse other supporters of the abolitionist movement and quicken the start of the American Civil War. Brown believed that anti-slavery partisans were weak and cowardly in the face of violence from pro-slavery forces, and that fighting back would be the only way to make progress in the abolitionist...
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