...policies under Andrew Jackson. 7. What issues impacted American politics while Andrew Jackson was president? 8. What was the Second Great Awakening and what effect did it have on social movements in the mid-1800s? 9. Identify the major reform movements of the mid-1800s. 10. What effect did the women’s rights movement have? 11. Identify significant figures in the abolitionist movement and describe their efforts to end slavery. 12. How did territorial expansion into Texas lead to conflict and change? 13. Explain how “Manifest Destiny” resulted in westward expansion. 14. Describe how the Mexican War resulted in increased sectionalism. 15. Which territorial acquisitions were a result of the Mexican War? Flashcards: http://www.quia.com/jg/2615676.html Words to know 1. nationalism 2. protective tariff 3. internal improvement 4. sectionalism 5. doctrine 6. suffrage 7. patronage 8. nullification 9. reform 10. temperance 11. abolitionism 12. manifest destiny U.S. History ©2014 Unit 3 Facts to Know 1. What term refers to the patriotism and national unity expressed during the Era of Good Feelings? 2. What invention increased the dependence on slavery in the South during the early 1800s? 3. What were the three main...
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...Frederick Douglass, a black man who changed America's history with being one of the foremost leaders of the abolitionist movement, which fought to end slavery within the United States in the decades prior to the Civil War. A slave in America until the age of 20, wrote three of the most highly regarded autobiographies of the 19th century, yet he only began learning to read and write when he turned 12 years old. After an early life of hardship and pain, Douglass escaped to the North to began his soul changing and spiritual beliefs of all men and women should be created equal. The institution of slavery scarred him so deeply that he decided to dedicate his powers of speech and prose to fighting it. In this paper it will include discussions on Frederick Douglass's early life childhood, the struggles he overcame to became a successor his motives and morals, the impact he had on the civil war, his achievements, and the legacy that went on within his name. Frederick Douglass was born as Frederick Augustus Washington Bailey and was a slave from Talbot County, Maryland. His date of birth varied because slaves couldn't keep records, in result Frederick adopted February 14 as his birthday because his mother Harriet Bailey used to call him her "little valentine".(Douglass, (1885). When he was only an infant, he was separated from his mother, and she subsequently died when he was about seven years old. He then lived with his grandmother, Betty Bailey. His father remains unknown...
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...During the early 1800s until the 1840s, America was in the midst of social turmoil. Women’s right advocators and abolitionists were sprouting throughout the country, ferociously demanding change to the social system that was intact for more than 100 years. Among those who demanded for emancipation and denounced the slavery system, Theodore Dwight Weld was well known for his impasse stance on slavery. Theodore Dwight Weld was a leading architect and participant of the American Abolitionist movement and was heralded the most prominent American antislavery crusader during the pre-Civil War period. (Britannica) Weld was born in Hampton Connecticut in November 23, 1803 as a son of a Congressional minister. Although his father entreated him to follow in his footsteps, Weld was forced to leave Phillips-Andover, a well-known ministry school at the time, due to his failing eyesight. He then joined Hamilton College in New York a few years later at his parents’ requests and was extremely influenced by evangelist Charles Grandison Finney, who conducted regular revivalist meetings near his school. In fact, Weld frequently toured with Finney and developed his oratory skills by...
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...slavery from the Colonial Period to the 1860s. | 1619 - 1865 | Slavery began with in 1619 with the first slaves brought to Virginia as indentured servants. As time goes by, slavery becomes more popular, to help with farming large farms or plantations. Though the Declaration of Independence in 1776 states that “all men are created equal” this did not apply to people of color. By the time the Civil War starts, slavery is big business, and the south is fighting for the right to keep it. In 1865 the U.S. abolishes slavery with the 13th Amendment. | 2) The socio-cultural impact of the abolitionist movement including: a) The effect of Uncle Tom’s Cabin b) The Kansas-Nebraska Act c) The Compromise of 1850 d) The Underground Railroad | 1850 - 1865 | a) Uncle Tom’s Cabin brought to light the horrors of slavery. This gave more fuel to the already strong abolitionist movement. b) The Kansas-Nebraska Act created the territories...
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...The abolitionist movement, which started in the late 1700s and gained strength in the 1800s, was a key effort to end slavery and the slave trade. It was initially driven by religious groups like the Quakers, who saw slavery as morally wrong. Notable leaders such as William Wilberforce in Britain, and Frederick Douglass and Harriet Tubman in the United States, played vital roles in this movement. They used books, speeches, and acts of civil disobedience to spread their message and help slaves escape. Despite strong resistance, especially in the Southern United States, they achieved important victories. This movement led to the Slavery Abolition Act of 1833 in the British Empire and, in the United States, the Emancipation Proclamation and the...
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...John Brown's raid on Harpers Ferry, also known as John Brown's raid or the raid on Harpers Ferry, was conducted by fanatical abolitionist John Brown and twenty-one followers in October 1859. It is considered one of the major events that led to the American Civil War. Brown was born in a staunchly Calvinist and antislavery family in Torrington, Connecticut, in 1800. His father was strongly opposed to slavery. When John was five, his father relocated the family to Ohio, a district that would become known for its antislavery views. There, his father “served as a conductor with the ‘Underground Railroad’” (Fredriksen 937). He “embraced his parent’s strident abolitionist views toward slavery” (937). Despite his numerous economic problems, he constantly...
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...Chapter 16 THE SOUTH AND SLAVERY, 1793–1860 1. Part Three Introduction This introduction gives you a preview of the authors’ answers to certain key questions about the causes and consequences of the nation’s “awesome trial by fire,” the Civil War. Look at this section and list three major questions you think the authors will be addressing in the next seven chapters. (1) (2) (3) 2. Southern Economy and Social Structure a. Explain the connection between the invention of the cotton gin by Eli _________ in 17___ and the rapid expansion of short-staple cotton production based on slave labor in the South. If the cotton gin actually made picking seeds from cotton much easier, why did planters perceive a vastly increased need for slave labor? b. Cotton was king in both the South and in Britain. By 1840, cotton amounted to _____percent of U. S. exports and accounted for more than _____percent of the world’s supply. Britain’s economy was based on cotton textiles, and Britain got _____percent of its fiber supply from the South. (No wonder Southerners thought England would “be tied to them by cotton threads” in the event of conflict with the North.) c. List two negatives of this Southern plantation economy mentioned by the authors. (1) (2) d. Although most slaves were owned by the large-scale planters, most slave-owners held only a few slaves each, and often worked together with them in the fields. The chart on p. 353...
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...This would prove important in developing the country economically as well as causing industrialization. Another development that increased efficiency and decreased arduous labor was the development of the telegraph in 1844. Developed by Samuel F. B. Morse, the telegraph would make long distance communication extremely efficient, replacing the need for hand delivered messages. An example of this trek would be the Pony Express which still took ten days to cover about 1800 miles. There were also other technologies developed such as vulcanized rubber that would improve travel and working conditions. Later in history, focus would be drawn to equality and civil rights. During the 1800s this was clearly portrayed by the abolitionist movements. One abolitionist in specific, an African American named Frederick Douglass, published a newspaper revealing the challenges he faced as a slave and during his escape to the north. Though, it was not only African American rights that were being fought for, there were also movements for the mentally ill and women. Improving conditions for the intellectually disabled specifically was important in the 1840s. A woman by the name Dorothea Dix revealed the prison-like conditions they were being kept in and sought to humanize them and achieve proper treatment. As a result of her actions conditions were improved for the mentally ill, it became known that they were not wilfully perverse but ill, and fifteen states created new hospitals and asylums. Throughout...
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...Black Experience in America: Slavery to Emancipation AAAS 106 Professor Shawn Alexander KU 2011 Final Exam Study Guide Some important dates and events - Remember that this guide only gives you a chronology of important events. It is not sufficient for the exam - you must fill in the details from your lecture notes and readings. All the reading is compulsory, do not leave out any portion of the texts or articles. Slavery and the Slave Trade African Slave Trade: Conventional Dates – 1450 – 1867 Early controllers of the Trade: 1494 the Spanish turned to the Portuguese to supply slaves for their colonies. By the 17th C Northern European countries began to dominate the trade. 1621 Dutch West Indies Trading Company 1672 British Royal African Company (by the end of the 17th England dominated the trade.) The Scale of the Trade: Between 1492 and the end of the trade in 1867 Europeans transported a minimum of 10 million people in some 27,000 slaving expeditions – or some 170 slave ships per year. 50% mortality rate (rough estimate) About 95% of the captives were sent to the brutal tropical sugar growing regions of Brazil and the Caribbean. 40% Brazil 5-6% North America Before the trade picked up (1700) 2.2 million Africans had already been shipped to the Americas. The trade climaxed in the 1780s, when 80,000 Africans were shipped a year. 5/4 of all those shipped came in the 18th and 19th centuries. Three major areas in Africa supplied...
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...with manual labor jobs. Prior to the cotton gin slave trade was done most by the New England colonies, this was called “Triangle Trade”. (www.civilwarhome.com) | 2) The socio-cultural impact of the abolitionist movement including: a) The effect of Uncle Tom’s Cabin b) The Kansas-Nebraska Act c) The Compromise of 1850 d) The Underground Railroad | 1800-1870 | In the middle colonies the abolitionism began early. Most people in Pennsylvania were against slavery due to a moral stand, while the upper and middle colonies did not contribute to the slave market. While on the other hand in the south the use of slaves continued to thrive for labor plantations as well as creating a group in which the poorest of whites could turn their noses up at. A small group of religious and moral causes began the Abolition Movement. Nevertheless they took to the north as a political group with federal powers. In the 1800’s efforts were curved too avoid the issues of slavery altogether such as Henry Clay’s compromises attempting to delay conflict, which quickly deteriorated after his death. The south began to make the slavery issues one of State Rights and free will instead of Federal. The south used the Underground Railroad as an example of laws being mocked by Abolitionists. The Federal government in turn made the Fugitive Slave laws stronger. | 3) The evolution of Sectionalism, including the cultural divide that developed between the North and the South; Southern...
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.... Miss Anthony was involved in the Temperance Movement by being part of the Daughters of Temperance, in which she and other women campaigned for stronger liquor laws and made people more aware of the effects of drunkenness. She also raised money for the cause (“Temperance Worker”). In January 1852, Miss Anthony attended a Son’s of Temperance meeting. Before she attended the meeting, she collected signatures to petition against the sale and production of liquor in America. She had many ideas on temperance and tried to share them at the meeting, but before she had a chance to speak she was told to be quiet like the other women there (Weisberg “Reform”). After being discriminated against at the Son’s of Temperance meeting, she organized...
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...these extreme abolitionists was John Brown. Born on May 9, 1800, his hatred of slavery grew over time from the beginning of his life, to the end of it in 1859. His most profound moment in his earlier life against slavery was in 1837, responding to the death of Elijah Parish Lovejoy, a presbyterian minister who had been killed by a pro-slavery mob. The mob had been rioting and destroying many abolitionist media outlets and businesses. They attacked his abolitionist newspaper print and killed him in the process. News of Lovejoy’s death eventually reached the not-too-stable ears of John Brown, which sparked rage inside him towards all things that represented slavery to him. He later publicly proclaimed “Here, before God, in the presence of these witnesses, from this time, I consecrate my life to the destruction of slavery!”. Things didn’t get better for Brown quickly, as in the following years, specifically 1843, four of his children came down with cases of dysentery and died from it. This seemed to solidify his growing madness, giving him even more pent up...
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...A reform movement is a social movement that is done to make some type of change big or small. The change wanting to be made is a change that is to be made to society, and to those around you. During the early 1800s, a lot of reform movements were made. A lot of these reform movements that were made ended up being very successful in achieving their goals. However, during the process of a reform movement, not everyone is going to agree with what is being done. You will have some people who think it is pointless, and those who think the movement is necessary. Reform movements like the Temperance Movement, Public Education Reform Movement, and the Abolitionist Movement all have made an important impact on society and history, and were all very...
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...In the great year of the 1800’s, I, Johnny Davis am a slave that is very intelligent and have the ability to read and write. I work hard on a plantation that I do not belong on and teaching others is what I should be doing. Life as a slave is extremely hard Mister John; it is so hard that I’m trying each and every day to make it through; working from sun rise to night and getting beat just isn’t for me. I’m more than just a common field slave. I, Johnny Davis, planned to run-away and be successful with my writing and as I went with my plan I made it to the North safe and sound. However, I would like for you to co-sign my Autobiography so it can be published and spread to the world and also write a personal introduction about me. I would like to spread my experiences so that I can inspire other African Americans to push themselves to learn how to read and write and explain their experiences and I would like to inspire them to rise up and be successful the same as I pushed myself....
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...Frederick Douglass, a slave whom evolved to editor, public speaker and a leader in the abolitionist movement, expresses his own struggles of learning as a slave in the early 1800s in his piece “Learning to Read and Write”. As a slave, Douglass studies how to read and write with the help of those around him. He eventually succeeds in achieving his ambitions, yet, remains with the desire to become a free man. As he gains more knowledge, Douglass has to change the methods he acquires his education to elude the punishment from the slave owners; he resorts to enticing children to assist him in learning during his free time. Douglass uses complex vocabulary, strong diction and unique metaphors to provide his audience with a clear and undisputed perspective of his opinion on slavery. His determination, through his writing, encourages the audience to support the abolitionist movement to cease the horrid practice of slavery. Uniquely, Douglass uses metaphors to help convey a heightened sense of emotion and imagery to his piece. He has effectively expressed his inspiring devotion to acquire knowledge, and his undying determination to become a free man; however, his achievements became a dark pit of despair upon his realization of his grim reality....
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