...to my observation. First, I begin a brief description of the child I have observed and the setting in which the observation took place. Next I attempt to show my understanding of normal child development, and aspects that can disrupt ‘normal’ child development. Throughout the essay, I will critically examine and reflect on the process of undertaking my observation. And finally, issues of ethics and anti- oppressive practises will be discussed. The child I have observed was three and half year’s old girl called Sara (not her real name), of African Caribbean background and English is the only language spoken at home. All three observations took place at the day-centre she attends. The day-care centre gave me permission to observe her, but not to interact and interfere with her educational activities. As this was my first observation, I was a bit anxious about how Sara might react about me watching her, and while her parents consented about the observations, Sara did not know that I am here to observe her; it is this scenario that made me uncomfortable. I was particularly more concerned about the ethical issues of not informing Sara about the observation. One element of anti-oppressive practice is to make sure that people’s rights are not violated. Social workers must put children’s needs first, and to respect their human rights, including rights to liberty, privacy and family life (Dalrymple and Burke, 1995: 57). In common with anyone who is undertaking child observations, I was...
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...play sessions. The data gathered for behaviour at 4 years of age were part of a previous study by Vandell and Powers in 1983. The Observation at 4 years consisted of a total of 20 children, half male and half female. They were observed in a random order during a free play session at their day care centres for 20 second intervals for 16 minutes. There were three behavioural categorises used in the observations, positive/negative interaction with peers, positive/negative interaction with adults and solitary play and unoccupied behaviour. In the observation at the age of 8 the children were videotaped through one-wag glass for 45 minutes whilst taking part in controlled play with three other children. The play was designed by the researchers to encouraged social behaviour. Whilst the children were playing, the mothers completed a survey from the researchers regarding family circumstances and the child’s day care history. For each child a behavioural checklist was completed using three categories. The first category is friendly interactions meaning is there a positive or neutral exchanges between two or more children. The following category is unfriendly interactions, negative behaviours including sarcasm and negative actions. Lastly, solitary play whether the child plays alone with objects with no communication with peers. The child play observations were coded individually to the videotapes, a single blind-technique for regulating...
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...youth in 6th – 8th grades. Your portfolio should include all of the materials that you have acquired during this semester for these observations Remember, you are representing Maryville College, so dress and behave appropriately and arrive on time for all appointments! Have fun ( Observation Options: All psychology of adolescence students are required to spend 10 hours interacting with and/or observing youth who are in 6th – 8th grades. Licensure students - 10 hours Observations in 6th – 8th grade classrooms. Non Licensure students – 10 hours of Observations (5 in a structured setting, 5 in a casual setting). You will need to set up these observations yourself. Five hours of your observations should be in a structured setting (youth group, after-school program, boys and girls club, community art classes, karate class etc. There must be an adult in charge for the setting to be considered “structured”) and 5 of the hours can be in a casual setting (basketball game, movie theater, museum, etc.). Format for Portfolio: The following items should be included (in the prescribed order) in your portfolio binder. It is suggested that you use dividers to separate the sections and number the pages. ← Title Page - Minimally include Name, Major, Date ← Table of Contents with page numbers ← Description of Observation/Interaction Settings (along with maps, diagrams, photos, etc.); a separate one is needed for each different setting (if you are...
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...DEVELOPMENT AND LEARNING STUDENT NO: S147585 ASSIGNMENT ONE DEBORAH O DELL & JANE WEBB-WILLIAMS WORD COUNT: 1308 This essay will be based on the importance of observation as a tool for understanding child development. The main argument of this essay is that observation is very important, simply because the strengths outweigh the limitations. It will focus on different types of observational methodologies and their strengths and weaknesses. It will also consider the importance of observation within practice and research. An observation involves watching someone and dealing with what they do rather than what they say they do (Gillham, 2008: 1). It allows the observer to directly see and hear what’s happening (Mac Naughton and Hughes, 2008: 157). In terms of children it allows us to tune into them (Fawcett, 1996: 3) and understand what they already know. There are many different observational techniques, these include: narrative observation, time sampling, event sampling, anecdotal and diary records, checklists and rating scales (Bentzen, 2000: 84). For the purpose of this essay, only a few of these techniques will be expanded on. One observational technique which may be used to understand child development is a checklist. These are regularly used within schools to record children’s individual progress (Sharman et al, 2007: 5).They also aid practitioners in picking up on the presence or absence of specific behaviour (The Goodheart-Willcox Co 2009:59). Another type of...
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...Home Page » Other Topics Observation of the Child at Play In: Other Topics Observation of the Child at Play Observation of the Child at Play On Friday I spent the morning with Jacob who is six years one month old at College America. The morning began with a physical assessment and an interview of Jacob, and the afternoon I was able to observe him at play. Jacob is in first grade and he is the oldest child in his family with a younger brother and a younger sister. After doing a physical assessment and an interview with Jacob he appears to be an overall healthy and happy child with no obvious physical or emotional problems. According to Erikson’s developmental stages Jacob is in stage three where Jacob should be developing purpose in his life. Jacob was playing outside at College America and with him was his younger brother who is four, his younger sister who is three, and his cousin who is two. Social milestones listed to watch for are the following; can share and cooperate better, has a great need for children of own age, will cheat to win, often engages in rough play, often jealous of younger brother or sister, does what adults are seen doing, may occasionally have temper tantrums, is a boaster, is more independent probably because of school influence, has own way of doing things, and increases socialization (Hockenberry & Wilson, 2011). First thing I noticed in Jacob that was listed in the book was his independence while playing outside,...
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...There are two types of observation, covert and overt. The difference between them is that covert observation is when the people being observed do not know they’re being watched or studied, and overt observation is when they have been told and given consent to be observed by the researcher. Observation can also be done in two ways. This is called participant and non-participant observation. In participant observation the observer joins a group and observes their activities, while at the same time taking care to observe what is going on. Often that means writing notes and reflections later on. In Non Participant observation, the sociologist simply observes the activities, but doesn’t take part in them. For example OFSTED; he or she is watching the lesson you are in, but they aren’t teaching, and they aren’t acting as a student. Everyone knows why they are there and often wish they weren’t observing them. A strength of participant observation is validity. It gives us an authentic understanding of the world views of social actors. This understanding is particularly important when researching issues such as classroom interaction and labeling in schools. The power difference between young people and adults is a major barrier to uncovering the real attitudes and behavior of pupils. They may present a false image when being observed by an adult researcher, thus undermining validity. Nevertheless, observation is more likely than most methods to overcome this problem, because it...
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...education, political standing, housing, and ownership of possessions. In addition to these factors are the superficial diverse aspects of personal hygiene, manners, morals, attitude, and materialist items such as dress, hair, vehicles, and jewelry. Some of the elements are obvious and can be seen while others are considered more private. The objective of this paper is to share an observation of a social class other than my own and in conclusion develop a personal action plan based on what I learn and how I will use my new found knowledge as it relates to diversity consciousness. Observation I consider myself middle-class based on my college degree, profession, income, and ownership of a home and vehicle. Because I consider myself middle-class, I chose to observe what I believe to be members of upper and lower class. I decided to take advantage of the back to school season and choose two locations where school children and their parents would buy clothing. I chose the stores based on reputation. I spent time at the upscale Macy’s in the Mall of America and at the secondhand store Goodwill. To make my observations not so obvious I browsed the clothing sections and even tried items on. Macy’s was definitely more out of my comfort zone because it is so expensive and fancy. I even felt uncomfortable in the restroom. Another factor that increased my discomfort knew I didn’t look as well as the other customers. I was among individuals with purses that cost more than my mortgage. I felt uncomfortable...
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...Infant Observation Name of Child - Cyan Child’s Age - 10 Month After observing a tenth month old child for this Child Observation paper, I had taken many notes during the observing. The Purpose of this paper is recognizing the Physical, Cognitive, Biological, Social and Emotional development of the child. The child chosen for this child observation paper is a tenth month old male Cyan, who appears to a healthy normal child. His mother is half Indian and father is Indian. Mother and father are happily married. He lives in the hcyane with grandmother, mother, father, aunt, uncle an older female cousin who is three. Cyan comes from a middle class background and has no siblings. The author of this paper observed him in the living room of his home. His mother kept all of his toys spread out on the floor in the middle of the room so that the author of this paper could observe him while he plays. Cyan had many toys such as blocks, plush toys, rings, keys, a stationary jumper and a toy that is designed to help the child learn to walk. Erikson’s Psychosocial Stage : Cyan is in Trust VS Mistrust. Cyan is able to crawl across the room. He is able to stand and walk with the assistance of a piece of furniture. He is able to pull himself up from the sitting position holding on to the coffee table. Once he stands straight up he is able to walk around the table while holding on. He is able walk around the room if he is holding on to the toy that is designed to help an infant learn...
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...Developmental Observation My small group activity is based on my previous observation of the preschoolers in the Star room, this will ensure that the children’s interests are used to enhance certain developmental domains. Adjustments will be made if needed to accommodate all the children. My small group activity will have a dancing theme to help motivate participation and maintain the preschooler’s attention. I noticed that the preschoolers are beginning to have some dominance issues. Many of the children are beginning to tell other children what they can and cannot do. For example, F.W was playing with step stools outside. She was lining them up in a row and walking across them. When a little boy wanted to join her, she said “No you can’t, you’re just a baby”. F.W then shoved the other child away. Elect document (2007, p. 50) states that it is important to admire a child’s strengths and achievements. Therefore, when I saw F.W negativity judging a...
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...ituations capture these first hand. The starting point is always with the child. Observing what children choose to do, what their interests are and who and what resources they enjoy playing with provides adults with reliable information about children as individuals. Observation also provides opportunities to gauge children’s needs and so more accurately plan next steps in their learning. Observations take place on a regular basis as part of daily routines. They allow you to monitor a child’s progress in a number of ways, facilitating an overall view of the child’s growth and development process. They are an efficient and effective method of tracking a child’s progress. They can be used to compare a child’s progress both to their own abilities and those of their peers, and make an estimate of their potential. Within the first week of a child starting in the nursery setting, an initial child profile checklist is carried out. This profile gives the basis for the key person to discover at what stage of Early Years Foundation Development the child has currently reached; it also aids the key person in planning activities to assist in the child's development in moving on to the next stage. Practitioners will also be able to see any child...
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...The value of observation in the assessment of a child is very important because that is how you get to know a child better. While observing how a child interacts with their peers, adults, and how they behave in different settings, you are getting to know the child without speaking to them. It also provides us with information by helping us to determine where a child stands in his or her development. This information can be used to put together activities that can help the child’s progress. It also helps educators see what things are right or wrong. When collecting the data we can pick their strongest strengths and help them to continue develop them and branch out to new activities that will help them with any issues they might have and improve in the future. We can learn through observation by writing important details that cannot be notice on a standardized test. Observation is a tool to help us learn about each child, our environment, and our work in caring for children. Also it helps the teacher to identifying the source of a problem (not just the individual child but also his or her environment and the children associated with him/her). Other means of assessments are done once a year. While observing a child you can repeat observations over a period of time can show how a child's development is progressing. The value of observation is very important to anyone that is in contact with a child to have better understanding of their strength and abilities. Teachers/educators...
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...includes a detailed description of the people and behaviors I witnessed, in addition to inferences that I made based on my observations. What time and day of the week was I there? How did this affect my observations? The time and day that I chose to conduct my observation had a number of effects on the results. First, there were likely more hospital visits occurring on Saturday than there would have been if I had conducted my observation on a weekday when most people are at school or work. Second, I can imagine that the lobby was less busy in the afternoon than at noon, yet busier than it would be if I had conducted the observation early in the morning or late at night. Third, I did not see anyone in the lobby consuming any food items and instead, observed a number of people drinking coffee or other warm beverages. I assume that I would have seen more people eating if I had visited the lobby at breakfast or lunchtime. The afternoon is also a common time for people to have a coffee to offset afternoon doldrums. Last, I noticed that the majority of people in the lobby were wearing warm, casual outfits, which may have differed if I had conducted my observation earlier in the day when it was warmer outside or on a weekday when more visitors would have been dressed in work attire. How many people are there over the course of the observation? Upon arrival at the Kingston General Hospital, the first record I made was of the number of people in the main lobby. I...
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...Montessori Centre International Observations – Cover Sheet (To be used in conjunction with MCI Ethical statement) Student Name: Nana Ama Siriboe Student Number: 33292 | Date of Observation: 28th November, 2014 Observation No. 2 | Observation Technique: Narrative | Starting Time: 12:00 pm Finishing Time:12:30pm | No. of Children: 10 in the nursery No. And Role of Adults: 3 ( 2 teachers and myself) | Letter of permission to observe enclosed: ( Letter of Permission scanned and attached with submitted observation) | Description of Setting: A Montessori nursery in a residential area in Ridge. | Immediate Context (Playground, Art Corner etc.): At the School playground equipped with tricycles, swings, slides, climbing frames and other outdoor equipment. | First Names of Child(ren) observed: Rafferty | Brief Description of Child (ren) – i.e. gender/age/position in family/first language (if relevant): Boy aged 3years, 8 months (3:8). He is the last of two children. He has an older sister who is seven years old and is in another school nearby. | Rationale for Observation (if appropriate): | Aim of Observation: To observe Rafferty’s (3:8) social and emotional development during outdoor play time at the nursery and how relevant play is to his social and emotional development...
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...Day Care: Preschool: 4 yrs old, one 5yr old. I was placed to observe the Preschool 4 year olds during my clinical observation at the Daycare. Stages of Development: Eric Erikson: Initiative vs. Guilt. During this stage the child are focused on purpose, exploration and egocentric ideas and speech. During this period the preschooler experiences a desire to copy adults around them, take initiative in play situations, make up stories using barbies, toy phones, cars, playing roles like “Ninja” and “Pirate” They use imagination and fantasy during play and use parallel play. The also explore the world by asking “WHY” and “HOW” to understand new things.The preschoolers all become involved in the oedipal struggle. If they get frustrated over desires and goals they experience guilt. If they are unsuccessful at achieving a goal they become aggressive and may act is disapproving behavior. Piaget: Preoperational- Egocentric During this stage the child is selfish and believes they are the center of attention. They begin to feel that what they say is most important and all attention should be focused towards them. They often speak when others are speaking and get frustrated when they are not listened to. In the classroom, I observed many of these characteristics of the preschooler. Upon my arrival they all ran to me and all wanted me to themselves, offering their choice of play. They all agreed to give me “Breakfast” where I sat at a play kitchen table in their play...
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...Part C According to Anton Shone (2001), an event experience describes ‘an opportunity for leisure, social or cultural experience outside the normal range of choices or beyond everyday experience’. In order to describe the event’s experience, this quote is quite helpful. In terms of experience, an event should get the visitor out of everyday life. It should provide the participant a new and exciting world in order to create a unique experience. Coming to the event, it can be said that the escape out of the real world worked rather good. The event provided a lot of targets with which an exclusive experience could be formed. Coming to the actual event, the Groniger festival gave visitors the opportunity to experience many different things on many different places. The experience was formed due to the variety of happenings and the diversity of spectrums. People as well as our group could not have the chance to be bored or uninterested due to many the locations. As soon as something turned to be tedious, people changed to the next place. The event provided the chance to feel highly involved. The reason for this was the interaction with the audience. In comparison to other happenings like this, the ‘Nach van kunst en weterschap’ gave people the chance to actively try things, experiment with science and art and be involved as an individual. To give an example for this, a group of scientists offered the opportunity to create and see your own DNA. You had to wash your mouth with salt...
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