...com, studymode.com, Franklin, J., & Moss Jr., A. (2000). From Slavery to Freedom: A History of African Americans. Eighth Edition. New York, NY: Knopf Doubleday Publishing Group. Lawson, Steven F. “Segregation.” Freedom’s Story, Teacher Serve©. National Humanities Center. Retrieved on July 7, 2012. http://www.history.com/topics/slavery. NAACP: 100 Years of History. Retrieved from http://www.naacp.org/pages/naacp-history My Dearest Friend Charlotte, It is nice to hear from you after all these years that we have been apart and gotten so busy in our lives to keep in regular contact. I am glad to hear that things are going so very well for you and your family. In your last letter I read that you would like to knowmore about my race and would like to use some of it for your paper for your class. I would be very happy to share some insight on my race and give you some background information on African Americans. The African decent has shaped the course of American history for over 500 years, such as the fight against slavery to the March on Washington. In the early 17th century white European settlers turned and went from indentured servants, which were mostly poorer Europeans to a cheaper labor source: the African slaves (History, 2009). In 1619 a Dutch ship brought 10 Africans to the British colony on Jamestown, Virginia. From that time on slavery spread quickly throughout the American colonies. The Stono Uprising in September of 1739 in South Carolina was the most serious slave...
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...defined by race, or the color of your skin, This dystopian reality was America in 1963, In 1963 Martin Luther King was put in jail for protesting the mistreatment of african americans in Birmingham, Alabama. During his time in jail he wrote a letter to some Clergymen. In this letter he shows the injustice that was thriving in America. The unfair segregation and why they should espouse their rights. In 1963 Martin Luther King was held captive in the Birmingham city jail for protesting about the mistreatment of african americans. He wrote a letter responding to his fellow clergymen because they called his actions “unwise and untimely” In this letter explaining his actions in paragraph 7 it states “explain to your six year old daughter why she can't...
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...Report on Race: African Americans Letter to a Friend Hev Phoung Dear Winston, You have been a dear friend to me for over twenty years since we met in grade school, which is why I was surprised that you did not know much about the U.S. history of African Americans like me. Of all the years we have known each other; you have only recently started to ask me questions about my background and the history of my people. This is an interesting realization; considering the years of discrimination and suffering under the label of “different” that African Americans have endured in our history, the fact that I have been your friend for ten years and you never once considered me different enough from yourself, a White man, to ask questions about those differences is an amazing indicator of how times have changed for the better! The only explanation I have for these recent questions is that you must be taking an African Americans course in college that requires you to learn the history of African Americans. In any event, I would be happy to answer your questions. Your questions about the experience of African Americans throughout U.S. history have answers that could be found if researched properly, but since space in a letter is limited, I will try to keep it short. Your questions about the experience of African Americans throughout U.S. history have answers, but, since you have limited time frame I will keep the answers to your questions short in this letter. In the 17th century...
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...I am writing my paper on African Americans writing a letter to a friend that is not African American. Dear Anthony, I am writing this letter because I would like to share with you what it is like to be African American and the what we have experienced throughout history. Sometimes people think that because times have passed and things are better that we should be happy but that is not the case. So I just want to give you some insight on African American’s history in the Unites States. Black history has tremendously shaped the African American experience in the United States. For most of U.S history the African American experience developed outside the American culture. Black history’s impact on the African American experience resulted from influences of slavery and racial discrimination in the U.S. For most of U.S history, legal and social discrimination has denied African Americans access to education, literacy, and work. The Harlem Renaissance was one of the first and most important movements in black history. It was the first recognition of African American for their music, literature, arts, and poetry. The Harlem Renaissance was an important period of increased political involvement in black history. Another important movement for African Americans was the Black Arts movement. The Black Arts movement saw the rise of music and literature that embraced a pronounced political and racial consciousness. The Harlem Renaissance and the Black Arts movements are only two of...
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...After the Emancipation Proclamation in 1863, black soldiers were allowed to enlist in the army. However, black soldiers were not entirely equal to their fellow white counterparts, since they were paid less minimum wage. Gooding then wrote a letter to address this payment issue, in hopes that he and his fellow freed black soldiers may get equal pay. This particular source details a specific “right” given to African American’s after the Emancipation Proclamation was proposed in 1863. While African Americans were given the right to serve the American army they were paid less that the average white soldier. This demonstrates the ongoing prejudice and unequal ideologies towards the African society in America after the Emancipation Proclamation was...
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...There were many African Americans who fought in the Revolutionary War, both American and British armies. Some of the men that enlisted were men who were runaway slaves and joined on hopes of freedom. The documents discussed in this assignment were written by two African American men who were runaway slaves that fought in the Revolutionary War. One reading is a letter that was written to the U.S. Commissioner of Pensions and the other letter was written as Memoirs of the Life of Boston King. The readings consist of why they joined the army, their reasons for running away and their life after war. Jehu Grant was an African American slave who was motivated to write his document after being denied pension. He felt that his explanations would hopefully change the mind of the court’s ruling, and he would be granted is pension for serving in the war. The other document is a memoir of the life of Boston King, who was also a African American slave. Boston King wrote about his participation in the war, and the time he spent there. Boston also wrote about his reasons for joining and his life after the war. This document was written to describe The British armies and the part that African Americans played during and after war. Both documents were written for public view and intended to inform African Americans as well as the courts. The readings were both produced long after the events took place. There is a lot of information in both reading that could possibly be history topics. Some...
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...The Harlem Renaissance was an enlightening period of time for African-Americans. A time where African-Americans embodied and celebrated their race, heritage, and culture despite the discrimination and negativity they faced. However in these times, there were a great deal of African-Americans who desired to “pass” as white to gain the privileges they could not access. In the novel Passing by Nella Larsen, its main protagonist, Irene Redfield, demonstrated a clear disapproval of “passing” in the beginning of the book. As she learns about her friend’s life while passing, her negative opinions on the subject are only affirmed, as her friend and rival’s husband is an extremely racist man that is oblivious to the fact that his wife is a passing woman....
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...The Life of Jackie Robinson Jackie Robinson was the first African American to play in the MLB. The league didn’t know that they were bringing an African American to play what they thought was a white mans sport but were they wrong, Whenever they signed him they asked him where he could play he said that he could play any position that they throw at him. So he started playing at first baseball on April 15, 1947. But before we go any further let learn a little bit about him first. He was born on January 31, 1919, in Cairo, Georgia. He was the youngest of 5 children and his father left his family in 1920. So they moved to Pasadena, California and bought and moved to a residential plot with two houses on it. His mother had various jobs...
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...to create the pseudonym name Linda Brent. It was under this name the text was published. In later years, her text has been viewed as an important text, speaking truth to the ears of sentimental novel readers in the north, and calling for action against the cruel institution of slavery. Employed as a teacher by Pace University in 1968, Jean Fagan Yellin wrote and published her dissertation. While re-reading Incidents in the 1970s as part of the project and to educate herself in the use of gender as a category of analysis, Yellin became interested in the question of the text's true authorship. Over the next six-years, Yellin found and used historical documents including the Amy Post papers at the University of Rochester (Post was a close friend of Jacobs), state and local historical societies, and the Horniblow and Norcum papers at the North Carolina state archives, to establish both that Harriet Jacobs was the true author of Incidents, and that the narrative was her autobiography. Her edition...
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...injustice are contingent on the societal and individual views. In Antigone and “Letter from Birmingham Jail”, Antigone and Martin Luther King Jr. fight against the alleged justice and order of the society in order to pursue the real justice. Although Antigone has the stake of perturbing her dead brother' dignity and peace while Dr. King has the stake of losing the opportunity for African Americans to be free and treated equally, both of them are so determined to achieve their goals that they choose to act against the injustice despite their stakes. In Antigone and “Letter from Birmingham Jail”, both Antigone and Dr. King disobey unjust laws and pursue justices that are in accordance with their moral codes. In the play Antigone, Sophocles writes about how the antagonist Antigone disobeys unjust rules that...
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...To a larger degree, historians have examined the white American businesspeople about the economies and market cultures. This paper going to talk about the African American business and consumer cultures, such as blacks’ culture and entrepreneurship, African American and immigrant self-employment in the United States. Also the African Americans’ buying behavior like the selling strategy makes it success to African American, and what is the reason. At the end going to talk about cross-cultural business, how to do business in the African American community. Known African American’s culture and background history is always helps to be success to avoid the mistakes which you shouldn’t do. Directly relating African American History and African American Business leaders, Pharrell Williams would be the perfect example of how the Black history influences the ways of business in the African American community. A lot of people might argue that he is not business man but he is the biggest entertainment business leader. “Every one of us is an amalgamation not only of all our ancestors, but of their decisions, and in 1831, Ambrose Hawkins was contemplating moving his family from America to Africa. Had he done so, his son Joseph would have been raised in Liberia instead of North Carolina and never would have become Pharrell Williams’s third great-grandfather. As it happens, Ambrose did go to Liberia, but opted for a solo round trip, rather than a family migration. If not for this last minute...
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...Letter from a Birmingham Jail Martin Luther King Jr. wrote Letter from a Birmingham Jail in response to his white clergy men, who criticized his actions which landed him in jail. This letter was primarily directed at the religious leaders who had the power to do something about segregation, but chose not to. Martin Luther King Jr. used Biblical examples to show that his nonviolent actions were essential for African Americans to move forward in this country. He communicates this message very effectively to these men by using examples from the Apostle Paul and King Solomon who were preached about in the churches of the religious leaders. He also justifies his nonviolent action by comparing it to “just” and “unjust” using one example of Hitler. “We should not forget that everything Adolf Hitler did in Germany was ‘legal’” King claims there is no better timing for a resolution to an issue that has been at conflict for 340 years and that there was no wrong-doing during this "sit-in." Martin Luther King Jr. is asking for the help of the clergymen so they can move forward with Civil Rights. These, clergy, men possess the power to change people's mind,s and yet do not even try. King gives such overwhelming emotion when he compares the situation in Birmingham with Biblical situations. He is very professional and polite at the beginning which helps the audience to really listen to what he has to say. When he really gets his point through is when he gradually gets firmer...
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...12 Years as a Slave is a film about real life events of a free African American man, Solomon Northup who is captured and sold into slavery for 12 years. The film takes us through Northup’s 12 years as a slave. In the film, you get to vividly see the cruelty, kindness and struggle to freedom that Solomon receives and observes from his masters as the years went by. Through his life as a slave he also gets to meet and interact with other slaves. In the beginning, Solomon Northup lives with his family in New York City and works as a violinist. He meets two men who promise him a two week music job in Washington DC. However, they intoxicate him with alcohol, drugs and sell him as a slave under the name Platt. At first, Northup tries to inform his captures of his kidnapping but his efforts are futile, and he ends up in more trouble that involves beatings and starvation. In view of this, he decides to be cooperative and agrees that his name is Platt and that he is a slave. Northup is first sold to a plantation owner, William Ford in New Orleans. Northup works hard, and he even creatively engineers a waterway for transporting logs across the swamp. William Ford is impressed with this and he in turn rewards Northup with a violin. Ford's carpenter, John Tibeats is jealous about this and in his attempt to beat Northup, ends up with him being beaten up instead. John Tibeats and his friends decide to torture Northup but Ford interrupts them and in his attempted to save Northup's life sells...
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...Unlike the many African Americans who were silent on and psychologically scarred by the issues of lynching, during the end of the nineteenth and beginning of the twentieth centuries, there would be one African American woman who would voice her objections through writings and protests about the heinous actions. Despite the numerous efforts that sought to intimidate her, Ida B. Wells was an outspoken African American woman, who had a reputation for fearlessness and determination. She would become one of the most important African American women reformers of her day. Ida B. Wells was a woman dedicated to a cause, a cause to prevent hundreds of thousands of African Americans from being lynched. Ida B. Wells drew on many experiences throughout her life to aid in her crusade. It was her...
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...Kiara Wilson Historical Report on Ethnicity ETH 125 Antonette Gray October 11,2015 Dear Ashley, We've been friends for a while now, it's amazing looking back on the fact that we've been close since elementary school but during the times when our great-grandmothers were growing up around our age it would have never been possible for them to be as close as we have been over the years due to the segregation of blacks and whites, in fact had it not been for the Civil Rights struggle we may have never known each other because it would have been almost impossible for your dad and mom to create you being that she is White and he black but I am glad things have changed for the black community over the years. You know some things about the African-American race but since you grew up mostly around the Caucasian side of your family with the Black side of your family being in and out of your life I feel like there is a lot that you can take from me writing you this letter pertaining to the struggle that African-American's have had to endure just to have the same rights and freedoms that all of the other races were entitled to. You already know from Social Studies and History during school that we as African-Americans were once enslaved and Caucasians owned us so I won't go into grave detail about that. I was reading an article on History.com that explained how the NAACP (National Association for the Advancement of Color People) was founded in 1909 by W.E.B. Dubois in hopes to...
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