...African Oral Tradition Oral tradition is considered a valuable method among the African societies in which they conveyed their culture, history, stories, folktales and religion beliefs from generation to another; in attempt to constantly fight eradication. It serves as a linkage between the past and the present, and it is the storyteller role to transmit images and ideas from the past in order to form a conception of the present upon the receiver. Djanet Sears play “The Adventures of a Black Girl in Search of God” is one of the most prominent African oral tradition works. Music is a significant oral tradition tool and African societies love music, furthermore, they are deeply attached to it. The chorus in Sears’ play is the main role to project the oral tradition technique; it links Rainy to her African descendants. Throughout the play the chorus represent the spirits of Rainey’s community whom she rely on to feel safe, and to give purpose to her life for the reason that, Rainey was suffering from losing her daughter, going through divorce and a dying father agony. The chorus was presented as ancestors singing African hymns and chants till the end of the play; through this, Sears asserts the connection between the black diasporic movement in Canada and their African ancestors, the issue of displacement and she demand a space where women are allowed freedom to live a productive lives that include a connection to a community of men and women working together to support each...
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...Heritage Assessment Heritage is who we are, where we come from, it’s our history. Traditionally the word heritage means one back ground or tradition. Each individual’s heritage varies between different cultures and consists of determination of one’s ethnic, religious, and cultural background (Spector, 2009). The heritage assessment tool helps healthcare professionals evaluate someone’s physical, mental, and spiritual beliefs which in turn helps with determining traditional health methods such as health maintenance, health protection, and health restoration. It also helps in opening a pathway for effective communication between the patient and health care provider to understand ones culture, beliefs, as well as their health traditions. The greater the person’s identification with a traditional heritage, the greater number of positive responses they will have on the assessment (Spector, 2009). This paper will compare three heritages Hispanic, African American, and Chinese looking at the difference between health methods and traditions and will also assess the author’s heritage. Health maintenance is how one manages their health by preventing and promoting good health. The Hispanic cultures hold a very strong religious belief. The majority come from a Catholic background and relies heavily on God and prayer. They sometimes view good health as a reward from God and illness as a punishment for wrongdoing. Hispanics are very family oriented going beyond the nuclear...
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...Conservatives support Pragmatism over principle’ Discuss. Pragmatism essentially believes in a more practical behavior or form of policy, as opposed to an ideological principle. Conservatives traditionally favour pragmatism because it emphasizes the impact of applied ideas that have been tested over time- highlighting the importance of tradition (one major traditional conservative value. One-nation conservatives agree with the foundations of pragmatic ideas. Whereas the New Right was heavily ideological- arguably, the application of Neo-liberal ideas with an emphasis on free-market economics (i.e.: heavy privatization in the Thatcher period) shows a radical change into applying newer principles. Traditional conservatives place a higher emphasis on pragmatic ideas- as these ideas have been tested over time (a conservative would argue that they work; they are product of years of continuity) thus humans are incapable and essentially limited in radically making theories themselves. Their ideas may be based upon the idea of tradition; which aligns itself with the Darwinian belief that only the fittest policies have survived over the years- and have created what Chesterton called the ‘democracy of the dead’ which is much more reputable than todays ‘arrogant oligarchy’. Pragmatic ideas are preferred because they have continuously growing over centuries whereas principle would ensure instability- for example: the sudden abolition of the monarchy would heavily affect the public;...
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...Traditions represent the Actual Identity of particular society, while getting rid of them is supposed to be a sign of modernity. Traditions, quite often, keep us United, but modernity, usually, takes us apart from each other. A tradition implies an established method or practice; belief or custom, passed on to us by our ancestors. Much of what we do today has its roots in the past. Usual rituals, like the practice of throwing rice over the shoulder and a bride kicking a container of rice before entering her new house after marriage, have their origin in our traditions and are, in no way related to any logic or religion. Modernism is in total contras with the ideas or methods of the traditional ones. Old, it is said, is gold and should be preserved carefully. But it is also an unavoidable fact that old is to be given up for good to enter the New Era. We cannot go on sticking to our past customs traditions and roots simply because they have come by inheritance. The world has to move on. Hence the presence of the conflict between the traditional and the modern. What must not be forgotten, however, is that in spite of our desire to be modern, we must maintain a proper balance between the two? Too much observance of traditions and customs is contrary change. We start believing that there is nothing wrong with them. There is a lot in our ancient customs, still practiced today, that is not only meaningless, but even evidently harmful the modern society. Take for example, the practice...
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...the gums, shrinking of the jaws, losing friends and lovers. Traditions that are practiced within certain communities are everyday normal daily activities but to those outside of the community within, see them to be strange or abnormal, but in reality, they actually share a lot in common with each other. People of Kroy Wen have their own traditions and ways of life that they are accustomed to just like the people of Nacirema. Horace Miner with the influence of Professor Linton explores into the world of the very secretive Nacirema people. They are seen living in between the Canadian Cree, the Yaqui, Tarahumare of Mexico, and the Carib and Arawak of the Antilles and are believed to be originally from the East. The Nacirema people are known to possess great self-discipline and it is without a doubt that they all share the same patriotism towards their community in keeping their world private to any strangers that may come wandering around their homes. In American tradition, one would be sitting back with their mouths wide open alongside a metallic tray holding shiny sterilized instruments waiting for the dentist to fix his/her toothache. In Nacirema, the patient would instead move a bundle of hog hairs in combination with certain magical powders in their mouth in a series of highly formalized gestures, and would seek out a “holy-mouth-man” for their impressive set of augers, awls, probes, and prods. The tradition of paying for services however is both practiced in both the...
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...Pragmatism essentially believes in a more practical behavior or form of policy, as opposed to an ideological principle. Conservatives traditionally favour pragmatism because it emphasizes the impact of applied ideas that have been tested over time- highlighting the importance of tradition (one major traditional conservative value. One-nation conservatives agree with the foundations of pragmatic ideas. Whereas the New Right was heavily ideological- arguably, the application of Neo-liberal ideas with an emphasis on free-market economics (i.e.: heavy privatization in the Thatcher period) shows a radical change into applying newer principles. Traditional conservatives place a higher emphasis on pragmatic ideas- as these ideas have been tested over time (a conservative would argue that they work; they are product of years of continuity) thus humans are incapable and essentially limited in radically making theories themselves. Their ideas may be based upon the idea of tradition; which aligns itself with the Darwinian belief that only the fittest policies have survived over the years- and have created what Chesterton called the ‘democracy of the dead’ which is much more reputable than todays ‘arrogant oligarchy’. Pragmatic ideas are preferred because they have continuously growing over centuries whereas principle would ensure instability- for example: the sudden abolition of the monarchy would heavily affect the public; because it’s nationally loved- therefore extreme principles of...
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...development as a sequential series of stages 1. stating objectives 2. selecting learning experiences or subject 3. organizing learning experiences or subject 4. evaluating – whether objectives have been met INTERACTIVE MODEL Conceptualizes curriculum development as a less predictable process which can begin with any element or stage. Is continuing process of interaction, refinement, and review. THE CURRICULUM RESOURCE PACK DEVELOPMENT PROJECT Acknowledge the legitimacy of both curriculum development models. It advocates a thoughtful analysis of the context and a consideration of the needs and interest of all stakeholders, within broad range of stages IMPERATIVES “every education system works within its own parameters and traditions, and is guided by its own imperatives, some possibilities are 1. development of healthy, responsible and skilled citizens 2. socio-economic development and improvement of living standards 3. international competitiveness and global integration 4. social stability and...
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...Introduction These days organizations are operating and competing in an information age. Information has become a major resource of most organizations, economies, and also societies. Today Information systems are widely use by many organizations to automate existing operation and to Improve performance activities efficiency. Information age has changed the way in which traditional recording systems work traditionally, Automated Records Management System (ARMS) tended to mirror historically developed manual recording processes. Therefore, traditional record keeping systems were unable to adapt to change, to support critical business processes. Background of the study Automated Records Management System (ARMS) is one of an important component of modern information System (IS) by which records of an organization is created, captured, maintained and disposed of. This system also ensures their preservation for evidential purposes, accurate and efficient updating, timely availability and control of access only for the authorized personnel. There are advantages with using an Automated Records Management System (ARMS). • The Automated Records Management System will give the business organization streamlined operations that will reduce paper based transactions. • Automated Records Management Systemare quicker as far as entering information is concerned. • With an automated record keeping system, information for a particular period of time can be compiled quickly...
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...Everyone has traditions either they or their family participate in. A tradition is something people actively celebrate or partake in. Traditions are passed down from generation to generation, traditions are then carried on into future generations. The purpose of a tradition is to share a special connection with those around you. Exodus and Oedipus Rex are both important to the Hebrews and the Greeks because it shows how important their faith is. In both stories the people are being punished by their gods, which resulted in plagues. Exodus and Oedipus Rex serve as traditional stories for the Hebrews and the Greeks by showing how faith is a tradition to the people. The Hebrews were the first people to be monotheistic. Exodus is important to the Hebrews because it tells the story of how they were liberated from the reign of the Pharaoh. In Exodus a new tradition is created which still takes place today, which is Passover. In Exodus 12:3-12:13 it states “Tell the whole community of Israel that on the tenth day of this month each man is...
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...On what grounds have conservatives supported tradition and continuity? “A state without the means of some change is without the means of conservatism.” This is the idea, quoted from Burke, that conservatism is not opposed to change, only radical reform. Conservatism developed out of the desire to avoid revolutions such as the one in France and was a reaction to the growing pace of political, social and economic change. The term “conservatism” comes from the word “conserve” which was derived from the Latin “conservare”; to keep and guard. A prominent core theme in conservative ideology is that of tradition, continuity and preservation. These underpinning concepts refer to the ideas, practices and institutions that have been inherited from an earlier period. However, as UK conservatism has been based rather heavily on the ideas of Edmund Burke, there is a general willingness to ‘change in order to conserve’ rather than a blind resistance to change itself. One way in which the majority of conservatives support tradition is through the maintenance of the aforementioned institutions and practices which have been ‘tried and tested’ over a long period of time. This, in a way, almost reflects Darwinism and ‘natural selection’, in the belief that the institutions that have in fact survived thus far have done so because they have been found of value and to function sufficiently. Therefore it is considered that they ought to be preserved for the benefit of the current living society...
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...Old wine in new bottles Have you ever seen the furniture only made of wood, without a nail? Several years ago, a friend of mine, studying architecture, introduced the amazing craft called mortise-and-tenon joint to me and told me that it had been used for thousands of years by woodworkers around the world. In traditional Chinese architecture, wood components, such as beams, roof frames and brackets, were made to interlock with perfect fit, without using fasteners or glues, enabling the wood to expand and contract according to humidity. Although he spoke like an encyclopedia about it, I could not get a clear picture of what it was like. Few days ago, I came across an app called “wood joints”, which a friend of mine shared on Wechat. After downloading it, I was amazed to find that this app provides a high quality 3D model (the mortise-and-tenon joint in books are two dimensional drawings) to view the 27 classical mortise-and-tenon joint structures broken down into their composite parts. The first thought that occurred to me was that creativity comes from our “big questions” which lead us toward our purpose. The big question of the designer of the app started with the influence of his father who used to make the furniture by himself. He started to ask himself, “How can I use computer technology to gain a clear perspective of the classical mortise-and-tenon joint structures?” After 6 months of preparation and hard work, his team accomplished the dream. Actually, the...
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...has many triangular and square shapes in this piece. The title “Rangoli” comes from India, also known as Muggu or kolam, which is a traditional folk-floor art typically created on the floor in living rooms or courtyards. Rangoli can be any size and can use a wide variety of materials. You can approach Rangoli as an advanced art project for an experienced artist, or modify it for a fun activity with kids. This tradition is made using materials such as colored rice, dry flour, colored sand, beads, or flower petals. Urja Vaidya only used acrylic paint in her design. Rangoli designs can be simple geometric shapes, deity impressions, or flower petal shapes; depends on the given celebration. Traditionally, Rangoli is made on a square grid in North India and on a hexagonal grid in South India while Onam Rangolis are typically circular. Due to rapid and widespread migration and mixing of people these styles are now freely adopted and mixed. The purpose of rangoli is decoration, and it is thought to bring good luck. Design depictions may also vary as they reflect traditions, folklore and practices that are unique to each area. It is traditionally done by women. Generally, this practice is showcased during occasions such as festivals, auspicious observances, marriage celebrations and other similar milestones and gatherings. Rangoli is made in two ways. Dry and wet. The rangoli made by adding points to the first white paint on the ground in a particular size are made certain point...
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...for Vietnamese teenagers and it makes traditional culture fade slowly. This essay will examine two reasons why foreign culture has a negative effect on Vietnamese teenagers. First, the most important reason why foreign culture is not good for Vietnamese teenagers is that they prefer food and drink of foreign countries than of Vietnam. It is clear that now Vietnamese teenagers often go out to eat fast food which is not good for their health and very expensive. Besides they do not care for traditional food. For example, Vietnamese teenagers always go out to eat foreign food on holidays and weekends; they do not stay at home to cook with their family. During Tet, eating banh Chung, which is an important food and a tradition of Vietnam, but Teenagers do not obey this tradition. In addition, they try to drink new things which affect them badly. To explain, Vietnam has many bars and restaurants where foreign people use drugs and smoke shisha and Vietnamese teenagers learn and do the same things often. Another reason why foreign culture affects negatively is that Vietnamese teenagers often learn bad behaviour faster than good behaviour. Therefore, they always change their style to suit their foreign idols. They often listen to music and watch television and they buy everything which their idols use. For example, Lady Gaga is a model and she always wears strange hats and clothes, but Vietnamese teenagers still buy these odd things to wear and go out. It damages Vietnamese traditional...
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...a) Discuss the traditional and contemporary views of each of the six key elements of organizational designs. b) Contrast the three traditional organizational designs. a)The key elements in organizational design are work specialization ,chain of command, span of control, departmentalization, centralization- decentralization, and formalization. Traditionally, work specialization was viewed as a way to divide work activities into separate job tasks. It makes efficient use of the diversity of skills that workers have. In most organizations, some tasks require highly developed skills; others can be performed by employees with lower skill levels. If all workers were engaged in all the steps of say ,a manufacturing process, all would need the skills necessary to perform both the most demanding and the least demanding jobs. For example,McDonald’s uses high work specialization to get its products made and delivered to customers efficiently and quickly that’s why it’s called fast food . One person takes orders at the drive- through window, others cook and assemble the hamburger , another works the fryer, another gets the drinks, another bags orders, and so forth. Secondly, the departmentalization are grouped together. Five common forms of departmentalization are used, although an organization may develop its owns unique classification. For example, a major Japanese electronics firms organizes its divisions along functional lines, its manufacturing units around processes, its...
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...the empire were not allowed to deny or disagree with the emperor, or else they would suffer the same fate as every one else. However with time people revolted and revolution came after decades breaking this tradition of monarchy, and making every individual free with their rights. Now every individual is said to be a free human who has natural rights. But even in these modernized societies after all that human race has experienced, and has been through the fallacy of appeal to tradition still exists. Appeal to tradition is the fallacy that a standpoint, situation or action is right, proper, and correct simply because it has “always” been that way, because people have “always” thought that way, or because it continues to serve one particular group very well. It is the notion that if an idea has been around for a while than it should be followed and is true. This fallacy is one of the major reasons that have been recognized for the oppression of women all around the world. This is particularly the matter in less developed and modernized societies. The women of these societies are oppressed as they are not supported by their families for education, instead they are against it. They do not think it is necessary for a women to be educated, because according to the tradition women are obliged to support their families and raise children. Basically there duty is to perform well...
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