...CARIBBEAN EXAMINATIONS COUNCIL Caribbean Secondary Education Certificate CSEC AGRICULTURAL SCIENCE SYLLABUS Effective for examinations from May/June 2008 CXC 07/G/SYLL 06 Published by the Caribbean Examinations Council © 2010, Caribbean Examinations Council All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form, or by any means electronic, photocopying, recording or otherwise without prior permission of the author or publisher. Correspondence related to the syllabus should be addressed to: The Pro-Registrar Caribbean Examinations Council Caenwood Centre 37 Arnold Road, Kingston 5, Jamaica, W.I. Telephone: (876) 630-5200 Facsimile Number: (876) 967-4972 E-mail address: cxcwzo@cxc.org Website: www.cxc.org Copyright © 2006, by Caribbean Examinations Council The Garrison, St Michael BB11158, Barbados CXC 07/G/SYLL 06 Content RATIONALE ........................................................................................................................................... 1 AIMS ........................................................................................................................................................ 1 CAREER CHOICES ............................................................................................................................... 2 SUGGESTED RESOURCES ...............................................................................................
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...(AWAITING) * National teachers’ Institute, Kaduna (Affiliated to Usmanu Dan fodio University Sokoto) PGDE 2011 * Nigerian Institute of Management, Abuja NIM (Member) 2006 * University of Uyo, Uyo, Akwa Ibom State B.SC Mathematics 2004 * Contemporary Institute of Computers, Uyo OND in Data Processing and Information Management 2000 * Secondary commercial School, Ikot Obio Inyang WASSC 2000 * St. Peters & Paul Primary School, Essene FSLC 1993 OTHERS: Peer Educator Training of Attendance NYSC Discharge Certificate WORKING EXPERIENCE WITH DATES GOVERNMENT SECONDARY SCHOOL GWAGWALADA, ABUJA (NYSC) Form Master 2005-2006 RESPONSIBILITIES: Teaching Mathematics and Computer Science among others in Government secondary school Gwagwalada Financial Secretary NYSC BALLYX PLACE, WUSE 11, ABUJA Front office/Cashier 2006-2007 RESPONSIBILITIES: Coordinate activities in the front office department Tabulate and record daily income and expenditure Evaluate data/accounting information and maintain the operational services in the company ALFATRUST, WUSE ZONE 5, ABUJA Marketing Executive 2009 RESPONSIBILITIES Introduction of various saving packages to individuals and corporate organizations Empowering our customers through loan Promoting investment among our numerous customers AGENCY FOR MASS EDUCATION, KUJE ABUJA. Education Officer 2010 RESPONSIBILITIES...
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...Agricultural Extension in India Booklet No. 380 Agricultural Extension Education: AEES-4 Content Preface I. Introduction II. Pre-Independence Era III. Post-Independence Era IV. Motivation V. Extension Methodology in India VI. Training of Extension Personnel VII. Extension Organization in India VIII. Extension and Women IX. Extension and Rural Youth X. Emerging Thoughts in Extension Preface Agricultural extension is an educational process which has its goal to help the rural people to build a better life by conveying the useful and needed information at appropriate time. It is essential for agricultural development. It plays a major part in technology transfer to the rural areas. Though the concept of agricultural extension started in early 16th century but the actual functioning started only after the second world war. Dr. K. T. Chandy, Agricultural & Environmental Education I. Introduction Agricultural extension is a branch of agriculture which assists the farmers to bring about continuous improvement in their physical, economic and social well being through individual and cooperative efforts. In other words, it helps in the development of an individual and the village community as a whole. It makes available to the farming community the scientific and technical information, training and guidance to solve the problems in agriculture including animal husbandry, gardening, horticulture, silviculture, agricultmal engineering...
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...intended beneficiaries such as fields extension workers and small farmers) in strategic planning, systematic management, and field implementation of agricultural extension and training programmes (see Fig. 2-4). Its extension strategies and messages are specifically developed and tailored based on the results of a participatory problem identification process on the causes or reasons of farmers' non-adoption, or inappropriate practices, of a given recommended agricultural technology or innovation. The SEC technology transfer and application approach is needs-based, demand-driven, and has a problem-solving orientation. The Strategic Extension Campaign (SEC) is not an alternative to the conventional extension programme or activity. SEC is, and should be, an integral part of the programmes of an agricultural extension service. The effectiveness and efficiency of such a service could be increased due to SEC's emphasis on its problem-solving orientation, participatory planning approach, intensive extension personnel training, multi-media materials development, and extension manage meet, monitoring and evaluation procedures. Its activities should be carried out by extension personnel and to support the Ministry of Agriculture's policies, strategies and priority programmes. The strategic extension campaign is useful and important to an agricultural extension service due to the following: 1 | It Advocates a Participatory Planning Approach | 2 | It is Needs-Based and Demand-Driven Oriented...
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...Connection between Poverty and Obesity English 135 DeVry University Farm subsidy payments are over $10 billion and are authorized to make payments to people “who aren’t even farmers anymore” (Morgan, Gaul, Cohen, 2006, para. 3). This has been going on, in some cases, over 10 years (para. 6). As long as you owned the farmland, you don’t even have to be growing anything and you would continue to receive a subsidy check (para. 3). Bottom line is all these billions of dollars in government subsidies contribute to lowering the cost of processed foods; not a good occurrence if you have low-income and cannot afford the high cost of healthier foods. The processed foods are so cheap to buy and are the unhealthiest that can be consumed by any human being. They are high-density, high-calorie, high-fat junk food that the unfortunate and less-advantaged part of our society has no choice but to buy because it is all they can afford. Studies show a strong connection between poverty and obesity, the government should appoint a task force to regulate and limit or repeal farm subsidies and overproduction of certain agriculture commodities like corn that is used to create highly processed, cheaply priced, high-calorie, high-density “junk foods”, so that prices of natural whole foods can once again be competitive and give the low-income consumers healthier food choices, thus contributing to the reduction of obesity. The U.S. budget for government financial subsidies to U.S...
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...Food Science, Systems and Policy 1500 +/- 10% word assessment. The following points must be considered while writing the essay since they are expected from a student upon completion of this unit. 1. Describe the role of government and the food industry in the development and implementation of food policy, production, distribution and consumption. 2. Explain food composition, processing and packaging methods. 3. By examining the literature, identify and interpret contemporary developments in food production and discuss their impact on consumption. Subject content and structure. Food, Science, Systems and policy is the first subject in the stream of nutritional medicine and examines the way in which food is produced, processed and distributed in Australia. It provides students with an understanding of current practices and trends in primary production and food manufacturing and distribution. It also examines the laws governing food for sale and the politics of the food system. Topic Assignment on contemporary developments in food production. With global population growth set to reach over 9 billion by 2050 food security faces environmental, productivity and policy challenges to meet the burgeoning demand. Describe your understanding of the role wheat has played in food supply and safety for Australians, from its historical beginning, and how it may transmit to diet related disease. Describe the potential benefits and or challenges Australians may face by changing...
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...thrust sector. The Ministry of Agriculture implemented different development projects and programs covering agricultural research and education, agricultural extension and training, marketing of agricultural products, agricultural support and rehabilitation, innovation, procurement and management of agricultural input and equipment, seed production, storage and distribution, development of irrigation infrastructure, fertilizer management activities and crop storage etc. The important steps were: • Increased crop production without jeopardizing the soil fertility. • Increased food production through human resource development, institutional infrastructure development, ensuring the availability of fertilizers and agricultural equipment, crop zoning, introduction of homestead gardening and pest management. • Increased crop production through invention and dissemination program of agriculture technology. • Introduction and extension of salt and draught resilient rice varieties in the south and north region of the country. • Enhancement of irrigation facilities to increase crop production through the construction of rubber dams in small and medium rivers. • Establishment of seed multiplication farm in the south west region of the country to ensure quality seed supply. • Marketing of agricultural products and development of rural communication to ensure fair price of agricultural products. • Introduction of new varieties of crops to cope up with the possible climate change. • Farm mechanization...
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...|Q. No.1 |The establishment of panchayats, block samiti and zila parishad fulfils the need of the following principle | | |(a) |The principle of leadership |(b) |The principle of grass-root | | |(c) |The principle of democratic approach |(d) |The principle of whole family approach | |Q. No. 2 |Method Demonstration as an extension teaching method is classified under | | |(a) |Individual contact |(b) |Group contact | | |(c) |Mass contact |(d) |None | |Q. No. 3 |Large group when divided into smaller groups (units) for a short period of discussion is called | | |(a) |Brain storming |(b) |Buzz session | | |(c) |Conference |(d) |Workshop | |Q. No. 4 |The modified version of a panel discussion in which three or more resource persons discuss a specific topic is called | | ...
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...of agricultural export revenues. Soybeans, cashews, sugar cane, peanuts, bananas, poultry, fish and seafood are growing. Vietnam's agricultural exports are vulnerable to international price fluctuations because these exports are largely commodity based. Vietnam's agricultural fishing and forestry industries together produce over US$3 billion of goods annually. Roughly 55% of Vietnam's workforce is employed in agriculture. Commensurate with economic development, the sector had gone from a 25% share of GDP to less than 20% in 2008. Farm products accounted for 22% of the country's income in 2008, down sharply from 50% in 2005. Finally 17% of all of its exports are related to the agricultural, fisheries or food processing industries, down from 55% in 2006. Despite the trend, agriculture will continue to be very important as it raises the productivity of the 70% of Vietnam's population that lives in rural areas. Traditionally, Vietnam has protected agricultural market with regulations and high tariffs. Vietnam's WTO accession reduced tariffs and led to sharp increases in imports ($7.3 billion in agricultural goods by 2008). Key agricultural imports include dairy, tobacco and grain (wheat) to meet consumer demand, while other major agricultural imports, such as fertilizer, animal feed and pesticides support Vietnam's large agricultural sector. The key staples of the Vietnamese diet (fish and rice) are produced in abundance domestically and have naturally limited agricultural imports...
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...The Future of Food Production The process that food consumed in America goes through to make its way to our mouths is like a Rube Goldberg contraption. The seemingly straightforward process of growing, raising, harvesting, and slaughtering goes on every day, completely hidden from consumers. Very few Americans are aware of the highly complicated, mechanized, and convoluted journey that any given bite of food takes from its origins in nature (or some manipulated approximation of it) to its destination on our plates. Although some people criticize the state of our food system, it is clear that it grew to be the international machine that it is because of demand. More than 300 million Americans want lots of food, meat especially, and they want it cheap. So like every other production process in this country, our food system has been industrialized to produce maximum food calories for the American people at minimum cost. This industrialization of our food system has allowed for population increase and higher standards of living. But there are significant problems with the industrial food system. Caught up in a drive to maximize production and profit, the industrial food system has grown to an unsustainable size. As food production has become increasingly industrialized, concern for the environment and the animals we eat has taken a backseat to expansion. Specialization, rather than integration, has become Forman 2 the hallmark of America’s farms. Rather...
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...NAME: Fatmah Ibrahim CLASS: SS 3A SUBJECT: Economics Topic: The Effect of subsidy in Nigeria Economy THE EFFECTS OF SUBSIDY IN NIGERIA ECONOMY. DEFINATION A subsidy is an assistance paid to a business or economic sector. Most subsidies are made by the government to producers or distributed as subventions in an industry to prevent the decline of that industry (e.g., as a result of continuous unprofitable operations) or an increase in the prices of its products or simply to encourage it to hire more labor (as in the case of a wage subsidy). Examples are subsidies to encourage the sale of exports; subsidies on some foods to keep down the cost of living, especially in urban areas; and subsidies to encourage the expansion of farm production and achieve self-reliance in food production.[1] EFFECTS OF SUBSIDY REMOVAL In a country of power instability the removal of fuel subsidy has triggered double in the price of fuel . 1. increased price of fuel and other petroleum product 2. increase in transport fares 3. increased price of food products. The Lagos Chamber of Commerce and Industry (LCCI) has listed some of the adverse effects of the Federal Government's recent policy to deregulate the nation's downstream oil sector LCCI, in a statement, said the policy has led to fresh inflationary pressures resulting from sharp increases in transportation cost, high inflationary expectations across all sectors of the economy, and a devastating impact on the psyche of the common people...
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...clients. Customer satisfaction surveys are used in Florida to collect data about these attributes. It is also important to understand how employee performance affects customer satisfaction. Our findings show that customer satisfaction was not significantly influenced by agent performance and that Florida Cooperative Extension benefits from the experience of its workforce. Given the importance of customer satisfaction as Extension's performance measure for the Florida Legislature, we suggest that administrators should emphasize customer satisfaction as a major factor in employee performance scores. Bryan D. Terry Coordinator, Statistical Research bterry@mail.ifas.ufl.edu Glenn D. Israel Professor gdi@mail.ifas.ufl.edu Department of Agricultural Education and Communication University of Florida Gainesville, Florida Introduction Given the importance of ensuring program relevance, quality, and impacts, as well as the use of customer satisfaction surveys in accountability, understanding the relationship that exists between employee performance and customer satisfaction is critical to identifying how well an organization is fulfilling its mission. Thus, Cooperative Extension must deliver relevant, high-quality programs that, in turn, help improve the lives of clients (Ladewig, 1999). In Florida, these attributes (relevance, quality, and impact) are measured, in part, using a statewide customer satisfaction survey. The survey includes questions about clients' experience with...
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...Abstract This paper will analyze the justification and effectiveness of government subsidies. This paper will discuss an industry that is subsidized by the U.S. government and address the following: why the U.S. government subsidizes the industry, how the subsidy alters the market outcome, who gains and who loses from the government intervention, any beggar-thy-neighbor issues, and why the subsidy is or is not justified. Introduction Many industries rely on government assistance in both good times and bad. “The potential micro and macro failures of the marketplace provide specific justifications for government intervention” (Schiller, 2010). Government interventions “encompass a wide range of regulatory, fiscal, tax, and legal actions that modify the rights and responsibilities of various parties in society. Interventions can increase or decrease costs to particular groups, effectively acting either as a subsidy or as a tax” (Subsidies and Market Interventions, 2013). Since the 1930’s the government’s role has assumed more responsibilities including “maintaining macroeconomic stability, protecting the environment, and safeguarding the public’s health” (Schiller, 2010). Government Intervention A government subsidy is defined as “monetary assistance granted by a government to a person or group in support of an enterprise regarded as being in the public interest” (Subsidy, 2013). An example of an industry that is subsidized by the U.S. government is the energy market...
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...led by Permanent Secretary in the Ministry of Agriculture, Lands, Fisheries and Forestry, Hubert Emmanuel, who served as Master of Ceremonies (MC). Deputy Permanent Secretary, Mrs. Sonia Monrose delivered welcome remarks to an expectant audience. She noted that agro-processing serves to enhance food security; while improving the value chain by transforming primary agricultural produce making them ready-vacuum-packed for our busy housewives, house-husbands, restaurants, hotels, motels, supermarkets and other retail outlets throughout Saint Lucia.The Chairman of the Saint Lucia Marketing Board (SLMB), Mr. Stephen Best, pointed out that the Fond Assau Agro-Processing Centre, is a momentous occasion reflecting the foresight and vision of the Minister of Agriculture, Ezechiel Joseph; and by extension, the Stephenson King Administration. He said the SLMB is pleased to be associated with this facility from which the synergies expected would definitely redound to the national interest in the agricultural diversification drive. Mr. Best said, to implement the new mandate, the SLMB will be rebranded to the National Agricultural Clearing House to be shortly relocated near the IRDC...
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...Under-Secretary-General and Executive Director of UN Women Women are the backbone of the development of rural and national economies. They comprise 43% of the world’s agricultural labor force, which rises to 70% in some countries. In Africa, 80% of the agricultural production comes from small farmers, who are mostly rural women. Women comprise the largest percentage of the workforce in the agricultural sector, but do not have access and control over all land and productive resources. During the last ten years, many African countries have adopted new land laws in order to strengthen women’s land ownership rights. This has helped improve the situation of rural women. To this effect, the lack of appreciation of the role of rural women in agriculture is harmful and gives rise to a lack of specific policies, policies which are misdirected, high levels of poverty, illiteracy and non-involvement in the design and planning of programs and policies, which involves a process of mutual learning that reflects the real and specific needs of rural women. Despite the important roles they play in agricultural economies, rural women in Africa suffer from the highest illiteracy rates and are the most visible face of poverty. Women guarantee livelihoods, especially in rural areas. As a result of their great efforts in agricultural production, women’s production helps to guarantee their self-sustenance. This is still not enough, however,...
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