...Alternative fuel Opportunities "Most of the observed increase in globally averaged temperatures since the mid-20th century is due to the observed increase in anthropogenic greenhouse gas concentrations"(E.E.R.E.) If there isn’t some form of a major change in the way we use, renew, and obtain energy our world will be severely effected. By 2100 if we continue at the rate we are going with fossil fuel abuse there will be an average increase of forty-eight-degrees Fahrenheit to the global temperature (E.E.R.E.). Many people believe that the effects of global warming are not going to occur until centuries from now, but reality is that there are changes already happening. Sea levels are currently rising due to glacial retreat and arctic shrinking (E.E.R.E.). There are also severe long term effects. Some major events would be severe weather events such as an increase in the more violent hurricanes and tornadoes, reversal of seasons, and even sever economic depression due to a decrease in crop production. There are many different solutions or alternatives to our current declining global situation. Cars can be powered by bio diesel, ethanol, electricity, fuel cell, hydrogen and a combination hybrid (Alternative Energy). The possibilities are endless for future possibilities to fuel our power hungry world. All it would take for our ecosystem to be saved is a little time and a slight bit more money, if nothing is done future generation will perish. A large portion of our global warming...
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...Lotus Car Rental Alternative Fuel Assessment Erik Larson, Linda Sherman, Christopher Sessoms Comm/215 February 2, 2013 Winifred Winstead Donnelly Introduction The creation of a fleet of alternative fuel sourced automobiles would be a wise decision for the Lotus Car Rental Company. There are two major issues that are on the minds of people these days, the environment and money. By creating a fleet of alternative fuel based automobiles the Lotus Rental Care Company can help ease the fears of people in both categories. By having the ingenuity to have a fleet of alternative fuel automobiles; the Lotus Car Rental will set themselves apart from the rest of the rental car companies. Lotus Car Care will be the leaders in environmentally safe car rentals. The following research paper will discuss the background of this topic, the costs of working with alternative fuel automobiles, the technical aspects of alternative fuel, the environmental aspects of alternative fuel as well as discuss some recommendations for the Lotus Car Rental Company. Background The Lotus Car Rental Company is looking into adding a fleet of alternative fuel sourced vehicles to their supply. Alternative fuel sourced vehicles are classified as being resources other than petroleum. A few of these sources are produced here locally and some are derived from renewable sources. They often produce less pollution than does gasoline. ("Alternative Fuel Vehicles", 2012). Hybrids are also considered to...
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...Alternative fuel sources should take the place of fossil fuels because it will create a less contaminated environment such as using biofuel instead of conventional diesel. Creating and using Biofuel is better for the environment. Biofuel is becoming more readily available to consumers. Using Biodiesel in the transportation industry will reduce carbon emissions. What is “Biofuel” (Speight, 2008, p. 221), and how can we use it to decrease the effects of pollutants our air from transportation? “Biofuel” is created from “Biomass”, “Biomass is a renewable energy resource” (Speight, 2008, p. 221), that we should utilize. For example, “Biomass” can be obtained from crops, wood, and municipal and industrial waste (Speight, 2008, p. 222) because the carbon in “biofuels” has been already used by the plants, when it is rereleased into our atmosphere, it does not add more carbon into our environment (Speight, 2008, p. 241). “Biodiesel can be made from a variety of sources. Typically, alcohol is mixed with fats, oils, or greases from vegetable or animal sources. It is a bit like running your car on a can of supercharged Crisco. “ (Harrington, 2008, p. 118) Biodiesel can be used as an additive to reduce emissions from vehicles, and it can be used in its raw form for diesel engines. (Energy, 2010) “Biofuels are important because they replace petroleum fuels and can be used to fuel vehicles, but can also fuel engines or fuel cells for electricity generation” (Speight, 2008, p. 241)...
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...RENTAL/ALTERANTIVE FUEL VEHICLES Stephen McCauley Comm/215 University of Phoenix June 7, 2013 INTRODUCTION Lotus car rental, one of the world’s leading car rental companies, is in a position to take advantage of a great opportunity. This is an opportunity to be one of the first car rental services to provide our consumers with alternative options to fuel-powered vehicles, and to rise above the competition. Adding alternative fuel vehicles to our car rental fleet will increase our car rental turnover and improve the company's image to consumers. Creating a fleet of Alternative fuel vehicles for Lotus rental cars would be a very wise decision. There is a strong movement towards using alternative fuels for many reasons. The consumers are now motivated to drive vehicles that not only protect the environment, but also save money. More and more car manufactures are providing vehicles that use alternative fuels or flex fuels. This movement in the market place is gaining momentum. It would be wise for Lotus to lead this market by providing this service to the consumer. Today environmentally concerned consumers are looking for ways to not only save the environment, but also save money. Oil prices are constantly on the rise and turmoil in the oil producing regions has not helped alleviate the problem. Taking these considerations and research into account, we feel that Louts Rental Cars should invest in an alternative fuel vehicle fleet. BACKGROUND ON ALTERNATIVE FUELS Alternative fuels are...
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...A Report On Electricity and Magnetism- Source of alternative fuel in Transportation Contents S.No Topic Page 1. Introduction 3-4 2. Hybrid Power 4 3. Smoke free trains 4-5 4. Electricity and renewable fuel alternatives 5-6 5. Magnetism as source of power 6-7 6. Conclusion 7Introduction- In the modern era, Electricity is considered to be the most important and necessary resource in day to day life. People around the world are directly or indirectly dependent on this form of energy. Although it is very important source of energy but its overuse and misuse led to a critical issue of unavailability of it in many rural areas. The utility of electricity is numerous, in fact it is most common source of energy used in every appliances, equipments and machines in industries, households etc. In other words, we can call it to be the basis of livelihood in this world after air, water and food. The usage of electricity was primarily considered to be in household appliances and industries but after the introduction of electricity in the world of transportation, it became a remarkable breakthrough in the field of science and technology. It gave a vision of saving non renewable sources of energy such as coal and petrol for the transportation purpose and also helped to eliminate the problem of ever increasing release of toxic gases which are produced during the burning of coal and petrol. It is a serious matter of concern for the scientists...
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...Alternative Fuels, Why bother? Over the years, fossil fuels have been the most popular form of fuel utilized in our every day transportation needs. Although fossil fuels are effective as our current energy source, the time is approaching where society will have to shift from fossil fuels towards utilizing alternative fuel sources. There are several factors contributing towards the shift from fossil fuels to using new alternative fuel sources. The primary reason for this shift is the rise in costs for harvesting, manufacturing and distributing the necessary basic components of gasoline. The increase in manufacturing costs has been passed on to the consumer in the form of increased gas prices. The average price paid per gallon in 2009 is $2.54, compared to $1.11 in 2001 (Energy Information Administration, 2009.) Additional factors contributing to the increase in gas production and distribution are due to the fact that fossil fuel reservoirs are not readily replenished and therefore, provided enough time has passed, our current stores will be depleted and society will be forced to rely on a new energy source. Additional factors contributing towards our need to switch to alternative fuels include the increase in foreign oil dependence to acquire fuel, the rise in air pollution, and the processing and distribution of these alternative fuels are more cost effective. Therefore, based on this and additional rationale, politicians and environmentalists should push for more funding...
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...Viability of Adding Alternative Fuel Vehicles to Lotus Rental Car Fleet The focus of this paper is to estimate the importance and feasibility of adding alternative fuel vehicles to the Lotus Rental Car fleet. This paper is addressed to the Chief Financial Officer. There are many types of alternative fuel vehicles (AFV); however, this paper will be focusing on hybrid vehicles. The discussion will cover the overview of existing operations, the advantages and disadvantages of adding AFV’s, the summary of the examination, and the recommendations on why and how it should be implemented. Current Fleet Status The Current fleet size for sister companies, Alamo, Enterprise and National, carry nearly 450,000 cars combined that achieve 28 mpg or better. The introduction of EPACT in 1992 introduced AFV’s into the US market, where they were mainly used by government agencies. The common term used to describe AFV vehicles is light duty vehicle (LDV). In addition, federal fleets are required to use dual-fuel vehicles unless a waiver is granted. Because of high oil consumption in the US transportation sector, concerns about national energy usage began to rise. This raised many questions regarding the resulting environmental impacts of greenhouse gas emissions. An example of this was in 2008, when it was estimated that the transportation sector emitted 1,930 million metric tons of carbon dioxide, which represents a 33.2 per cent share of total carbon dioxide emission from all sectors...
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...other than fossil fuels. Automobiles in the last 10 years have evolved from using gasoline and diesel as a primary power source, and now include features once only seen in luxury cars. Introducing them to a rental car company may give it more of a variety to offer its customers. Introduction This paper is to introduce the idea of the integration of alternate-fueled vehicles into the Lotus Rental Car Company and the feasibility to do so to the Chief Financial Officer. There are numerous factors to consider. A large purchase, especially for vehicles, requires in-depth research and weighing of advantages and disadvantages that need to be evaluated. Alternate Fuel Sources There are a few power source options when looking to buy or lease alternate fueled vehicles; ethanol; flex-fuel; hybrid; electric; and natural gas. Alternate fuel source seem to be attractive for consumers as the high prices for fossil fuels continue to climb. With the purchase of new fuel-saving vehicles in mind, each fuel source will be examined. Each type of fuel does have its own great benefit as well as drawback. Ethanol Ethanol is a fuel that is usually comprised of 10% gasoline and 90% ethanol. The more commonly known mixture is 15% and 85% called E85. Internal combustion engines are able to utilize this type of fuel with modifications made the hose materials used to carry this fuel. Newer vehicles have the capability to utilize E85 and gasoline, known to be called Flex-Fuel vehicles. The...
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...we’re trying for alternative fuel sources instead of fossil fuels and diesel. We are looking to cut down on pollutants and at the same time pump out a lot of horsepower as well. Every year the automotive companies try to pack the newest and best tech into their cars which is not limited to touchscreens, on board Gps, Bluetooth and other various applications they can think of while still trying to be conscious of what the general public really wants in a car and can afford. We’re also trying for fully functioning electric vehicles, solar powered vehicles, which we’ve accomplished the first one along with hybrids which come with a combination of electric usage and gasoline power. I imagine cars in the future relying heavily on customizable computer chip systems. The first major impact would have to be the affect the fuel sources would have on the environment. As of right now according to The US Department of Energy there are 6 different fuel sources available with twelve in production or development. With these different fuel sources replacing fossil fuels which caused over 79 percent of greenhouse gases in 2010 according to the Environmental and Energy Study Institute instills the idea of a much better environment. So with these better fuel sources it will cut down drastically on the emissions and also give cause for a new way to power our homes and other various things which in turn will help the environment. For all intents and purposes changing the fuel sources in the long run...
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...as a transportation fuel. It is being blended in to gasoline at concentrations of five percent to ten percent for use in motor vehicles. The main ingredient in ethanol is corn, a renewable resource that is in abundance in the United States. Brazil is the leading producer in ethanol, and vehicles there have been running on 100% ethanol for many years (consumerenergycenter.org, 2013). While ethanol seems to be the answer to renewable fuel sources, there are both advantages and disadvantages to using this product. The most obvious advantage of using ethanol is the benefits to the environment. Vehicles that are fueled by ethanol produce much lower carbon monoxide and carbon dioxide than those using gasoline (West. 2013), and because this fuel source is made from plants, the carbon dioxide it does emit is recycled back to reproduce the product. A study published by Yale University's Journal of Industrial Ecology found that GHG emissions from ethanol produced at modern dry-mill facilities are "... equivalent to a 48 percent to 59 percent reduction compared to gasoline, a twofold to threefold greater reduction than reported in previous studies." (www.ethanolrfa.org, 2013). Another great advantage is that ethanol is readily available in many countries around the world. In the United States, it is made with corn, and produced in the Midwestern states like Nebraska, Iowa and Illinois. In Brazil, it is made with sugar cane, and is widely used as a primary fuel source. Possibly the greatest...
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...Ethanol Ethanol can provide an alternative fuel source that may be a partial solution to the current energy crisis. Although when is not quite agreed upon, most experts can agree that the world will run out of fossil fuels at some point in time. In turn, this causes a need to search for alternative fuel sources. Is ethanol biofuel a solution and a good alternative? There seems to be more advantages then disadvantages, so yes overall, ethanol is an effective solution. Ethanol is produced from plant matter. The plant matter is broken down into simple sugars and starches and then fermented and distilled into alcohol. Many large farms in the Midwest have planted all or part of their land area to take advantage of the government subsidies which are offered for corn production to supply the ethanol production needs. Ethanol can be used in all cars in low concentrations, such as 10% ethanol. It can be used in specialized cars, trucks and minivans known as “flexible fuel vehicles” in concentrations up to 85% ethanol (commonly known as E85). Fuel stations in the Midwest are offering E85 fuel, often as a lower price per gallon then traditional fuel. There is a lot of controversy on the ethanol biofuel which centers on the cost to tax payers for ethanol subsidies, the environmental concerns focused especially on admissions in the ethanol production process, and the amount of net emission savings. Ethanol contains less energy per gallon than a gallon of gasoline. Meaning...
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...Alternative Fuel Company Case Cristin Johnson BUS632: Advanced Logistics Ashford University Instructor: Matthew Keogh July 12, 2016 Alternative Fuel Company Case For this assignment I will refer to the Barwood Cab Fleet Study of alternative fuel. Barwood based in Kensington, Maryland incorporated the use of compressed natural gas (CNG) vehicles with a limited number in 1996. As one of the reasons to use the CNG vehicles was incentives which the local gas utility offered. This company has been in operation for over 30 years, being a family owned business with a fleet of some 400 vehicles which serves more than 5,000 customers on a daily basis. Like most cab companies the cabs are assigned to individual drivers as independent contractors, paying a daily rent in order to use Barwoods vehicles. “Of course, cost is still an issue with many alternative sources of fuel, according to Chuck Combs, who is the program lead for alternative energy at China Lake and provides the Navy and Marine Corps with technical expertise in solar and fuel cell efforts”. (Hillburn, 2007) Here will be discussed how the alternative fuel automobile company has a first year market forecast of 1000 units by identifying the forecasting model with an explanation of why it is the obvious choice, while during the first three years of operation the automobile company had actual sales of: year one 800 units, year two 1200 units, year three 2000 units and by using...
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...Situation of Alternative fuels in Assiut Cement Company Assiut Cement Company is part of CEMEX, a growing global building materials solution corporation that provides products of consistently high quality and reliable service to customers and communities. in CEMEX Egypt and in cooperation with the ministry of environment and industry, we converted garbage into energy, by this project we protect our environment from CO2 emissions resulting from burning agricultural wastes on field that causes black clouds, and reduce the heavy fuel consumption in our operations on the other hand we have registered the 1st clean development mechanism project (CDM) in our industry in Egypt, under the umbrella of Kyoto protocol in the UNFCCC. The CDM program entails that any developing country succeeds to reduce its CO2 emissions will gain a financial reward equivalent to the certified emission Toward this end, we have planted a forest of 600,000 trees in the desert near the factory in order to reduce the CO2 and provide wood for alternative fuel use. Also we installed Refused derived fuel system to produce RDF as alternative fuels from house garbage to save our environment from land filling phenomena as environmental pollution, caused by improper treatment and dumping of different wastes has caused serious environmental and social problems throughout the world. Currently we are able to reduce our CO2 emissions by 400,000 tons equivalent per year by replacement 20 -25% of Heavy fuel with...
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...brand equity Unique products Production System that is refined over the years * Weaknesses High cost structure compared to China They depend greatly on profits coming in internationally, thus subject to global economies' performance * Opportunities Due to increased interest from consumers into more fuel efficient and lower pollution cars, honda can use it's strength in high R&D to develop these kind of cars to suit consumers needs. Emerging markets and expansion abroad China being a neighbor to Japan and has cost innovation advantages to be exploited in its global strategy * Threats | | "IMC’s Vision is to be the most respected and successful enterprise, delighting customers with a wide range of products and solutions in the automobile industry with the best people and the best technology". * The most respected. * The most successful. * Delighting customers. * Wide range of products. * The best people. * The best technology. Mission of Toyota is to provide safe & sound journey. Toyota is developing various new technologies from the perspective of energy saving and diversifying energy sources. Environment has been first and most important issue in priorities of Toyota and working toward creating a prosperous society and clean world. | Economic slowdown due to the financial crisis in 2008 External changes (government, politics, taxes, etc) Lower cost competitors or imports from China Price wars in the...
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...Cars were built to operate on the same kind of fuel, but now advanced technology has allowed gas stations are offering alternative fuels including ethanol, an alcohol fuel distilled from corn and sugar plant materials (Sclar, Auto Repair For Dummies). If I were to open an ethanol refinery in California, I would open one in Stockton, California. I chose this city because it is located in California’s Central valley, which is large, flat, and has productive agriculture. Because Stockton is a rural city, the ethanol industry can jump-start it by adding many jobs. Stockton is along major freeways, such as Interstate 5 and State Route 99. It is also south of the state’s capital, Sacramento, and connected westward to San Francisco. Since corn is the primary source for Ethanol and is primarily grown in the states of Kansas, Iowa, Indiana, Nebraska, and Minnesota, I would definitely access raw materials through Nebraska because it is the closest primary corn producing state to California and their California is the largest market state for Nebraska corn (Nebraska Corn Board). Corn growers rely upon dependable and cost-effective transportation. Even though major freeways surround Stockton, the distance between Nebraska and California is about 1,430 miles away from each other, which has a negative cost advantage for transportation of corn with trucks because their functions are primarily based on shorter distances. Instead, railroads have better cost advantages because they operate...
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