...women and youth players are at increased risk for head trauma and that the integration of protective headgear into the sport should be considered. This source was most useful while drafting valid objections, for the increased rate of concussions in women’s lacrosse is a prominent danger of the sport. The information provide by this, unlike other sources I explored, also maintained that protective headgear is a necessary adaptation to the game. Therefore,...
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...1017/BJN20061865 Nuts and coronary heart disease: an epidemiological perspective ´ John H. Kelly Jr and Joan Sabate* Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA 92350, USA The epidemiological evidence for the cardio-protective effect of nut consumption is presented and reviewed. Four large prospective epidemiological studies of primary prevention of coronary heart disease are reviewed and discussed (Adventist Health Study, Iowa Women’s Health Study, Nurses’ Health Study and the Physicians’ Health Study). Other studies of nuts and coronary heart disease risk are addressed. The combined evidence for a cardio-protective effect from nut consumption is summarized and presented graphically. The risk of coronary heart disease is 37 % lower for those consuming nuts more than four times per week compared to those who never or seldom consume nuts, with an average reduction of 8·3 % for each weekly serving of nuts. The evidence for a causal relationship between nut consumption and reduced risk of coronary heart disease is outlined using Hill’s criteria for causality and is found to support a causal cardio-protective relationship. Nuts: Cardiovascular: Coronary heart disease: Diabetes: Cohort studies: Causality: Hill’s criteria Nuts have constituted a part of mankind’s diet since pre-agricultural times (Eaton & Konner, 1985), providing a complex food rich in macronutrients and micronutrients and fibre, as well as other bioactive phytonutrients yet to...
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...Ethics Case Study HCS478 January 6, 2010 Barbara Scheibe, RNC, MSN Ethics Case Study Healthcare professionals are faced with ethical dilemmas and issues on a regular basis especially in the emergency department. The purpose of this paper is to identify ethical issues within a case study. This case study involves an eight month old infant who presents to the emergency department with injuries. After arriving at the emergency department it is noted that the infant has bilateral fractured femurs. The ethical issue identified within this case study is the possibility of child abuse by either the mother or a worker at the daycare facility. The nurse makes notes of her concerns within the patients chart as well as verbalizes concern to the emergency room physician regarding the injuries to the infant. It appears to be a lack of follow-up with these concerns so this presents an ethical issue. There are eight ethical principles that a nurse should learn to apply to each situation that he or she feels there is an ethical decision that needs to be made. The eight principles to apply are autonomy, beneficence, nonmaleficence, veracity, fidelity, justice, paternalism, and respect for others (Guido, 2010). Within the nursing field advocacy plays a critical role in keeping the patients safe throughout their encounters with the health care system (Beyea, 2005). One of the conflicts noted in the situation listed is, more research should have been conducted to investigate...
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...Elder Abuse One of the most recent social problems to impact people all around the world that many people are unaware of is the abuse of elders. Whether it’s by trusted friends and family members or mistreatment by a hired care taker, elders are not being given the same respect they were many years ago. Like most things this maltreatment has always been around, but in the last few decades it has shown its face much more often. According to Gibbs (2010), “In the past 30 years, awareness of elder abuse has been raised by a minority of professionals in healthcare, social services, law enforcement and public service” (p534). To help give a more adequate view of this issue, the definition of elder abuse and mistreatment, the effects on the elders themselves, what some of the causes are, and what is being done to help prevent and/or solve this problem will be covered in this essay. After reading and understanding this issue, from the causes and effects, to the possible solutions, spotting and doing something to help stop the problem may be much easier. Before knowing and understanding the effects of this blossoming issue one must be fully aware of what it actually is. Elder abuse is best defined by Laura Mosqueda (2010) as “The mistreatment or neglect of an older adult. The mistreatment/neglect may be intentional or unintentional, and may either harm the elder or put them at significant risk of harm” (p214). There is usually a specific group of people that commit the acts of...
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...Elder Neglect and Abuse The latter years of a person's life have been called the "golden years" unfortunately the numbers of elders being abused are growing each year. Gray-Vickrey (2001) reports that neglect occurs in 49 percent of substantiated elder abuse cases, emotional abuse is found in 35 percent of cases, financial abuse is found in 30 percent of cases, and physical abuse or use of physical force is found in 25 percent of cases. The U.S. Department of Justice estimates more than half a million of our nation’s elders are mistreated each year, of course the numbers may be three times higher since few cases of abuse are reported or investigated (Axmaker, 2003). Experts estimate the number of older adults who are mistreated annually at more than two million (Swagerty, 1999, p.2804). A U.S. National Elder Abuse Incidence Study confirmed that reported elder abuse cases are only the "tip of the iceberg" (National Center on Elder Abuse, 2003). The study also shown that two-thirds of the offenders were adult children or spouses. Additionally, elders are being abused in nursing homes, hospitals, or other institutions; in one study, 36 percent of nursing home staff stated that they had witnessed at least one physical abuse incident with an elderly patient (Nelson, 2002). Clearly, elder mistreatment or abuse of the elderly is a growing social occurrence. Unfortunately, our elder population is considered to be easy targets because they are perceived to be fragile and defenseless...
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...1 Evidence-Based Counseling Interventions With Children of Divorce: Implications for Elementary School Counselors Marianne E. Connolly Johns Hopkins University Eric J. Green The Chicago School of Professional Psychology Evidence-Based Counseling 2 Abstract Parental divorce has become increasingly common for large numbers of families in schools (Lamden, King, & Goldman, 2002). This article addresses the effects of divorce on children and protective factors supporting their adjustment. Evidence-based interventions for children of divorce in elementary school counseling programs are discussed. School-based consultation, the Children of Divorce Intervention Program, and the Children’s Support Group are three evidence-based practices described. Implications for schools counselors are provided to help integrate research findings and practice. Evidence-Based Counseling 3 Evidence-Based Counseling Interventions With Children of Divorce: Implications for Elementary School Counselors Children of divorce comprise a significant portion of the U.S. school population. Each year in the United States, more than one million children experience parental divorce (U.S. Census Bureau, 2000). Projections indicate that by age 18, approximately 40% of children will experience their parents’ divorce. Because divorce affects a significant number of children, a body of empirical literature has emerged addressing its impact (Amato, 2001; Amato & Keith, 1991; Hipke...
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...returning from combat tours is almost stereotypical. In fact, in the 2012 American Psychological Association (APA) annual meeting, some argue to change PTSD to post-traumatic stress “injury” to be more accommodating to soldiers, and to resolve the issue of unreported PTSD-related symptoms within military ranks (American Psychiatric Association, 2013). Military officials explained that many soldiers do not report their symptoms because of the fear of being viewed as weak (American Psychiatric Association, 2013). However, the incidence of PTSD can be as common among civilians as it is for those in the military. Barlow and Durand (2013) reported recent studies showing that those who are “raped, held captive, tortured, or kidnapped, or badly assaulted” are more at risk for developing PTSD than those who experienced military combat. While the reports conveying “zero” conditional risk of PTSD from exposure to military combat seem to need clarification, PTSD remains to be a debilitating condition for those who have the proclivity to develop the disorder. This paper will discuss the diagnostic criteria, etiology, effective treatment, and outcome research pertaining to PTSD. PTSD: A trauma and stressor-related disorder PTSD now belongs in the group of trauma and stressor-related disorders as published in the fifth edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (American Psychiatric Association, 2013). Other disorders included in this group are: reactive attachment...
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...Investigator | GLOBE is the acronym for “Global Leadership and Organizational Behavior Effectiveness,” a 62-nation, 11-year study involving 170 researchers worldwide. The GLOBE Project was introduced in my first article (click here). In this third article, I will overview GLOBE’s findings about how business values and practices vary across nations and cultures. Cultural Dimensions, the Measuring Rods of Cross-Cultural ResearchAs I explained in my first article, the first major question addressed by the GLOBE researchers was which measurement standards to use so that they could be precise about the similarities and differences among numerous societal and organizational cultures. After a thoroughgoing literature review as well as two pilot studies, the team identified nine "cultural dimensions" that would serve as their units of measurement, or (in research language) "independent variables."Cultural dimensions have been around as long as the field of intercultural research (i.e., since the early 1960s). They provide concepts and terminology that enable all of us to become aware of, to measure, and to talk knowledgeably about the values and practices found in a human culture – and about the similarities and differences among human cultures. What exactly is a cultural dimension? It’s a concept that is depicted graphically as a continuum. In most cases, only the two ends of the continuum are named. Here, graphically, is one of the cultural dimensions actually used by the...
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...RESILLIENCE Resilience is the ability of people to cope with stress and catastrophe. It can also be defined as “exhibiting positive behavior even when even in adversity, threats tragedy etc.” it is the ability to bounce back after a disruption. It also means mental toughness, emotional toughness. Commonly used terms closely related to this word are; psychological resilience, emotional resilience, hardiness, resourcefulness and mental toughness. Resilience is also a construct concerning the exposure of adversity and the positive adjustment outcomes of that adversity. Adversity could be defined as any risk associated with negative life conditions that are statistically related to adjustment difficulties, such as poverty, experiences of disasters e.t.c. positive adaptation after these experiences can be termed as the absence of psychiatric distress. Resilience can be defined in many different ways, adequately accounting for cultural and contextual differences in how people or other systems expressed resilience. This is also where a different definition comes up as “the outcome from negotiations between individuals and their environments for the resources to define themselves as healthy amidst conditions collectively viewed as adverse.” Resilience can be viewed as: * Good outcomes regardless of high risk status * Constant competence under stress * Recovery from trauma and * Using challenges for growth that makes future hardships more tolerable. Resilient...
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...Ethical Case Study Reflection Paper Do we, as parents, have the right to decide if we will let our child die from a treatable illness? Do we, as a society, have the right to decide if we will allow other people's children to die? Suppose an Atheist judge rules that a Christian mother has to seek medical treatment for her child, is this a moral concern? In 46 states, parents can withhold traditional medical care for their sick children in favor of prayer or faith healing with no fear of prosecution. The state of Minnesota passed a law in 1994 that requires parent and guardians to contact child protective services if a child has been endangered by withholding medical treatment, none have been reported. The state of Colorado will not hold parents legally responsible so long as the faith-healing treatment is recognized by the Internal Revenue Service and insurance companies. This same law has been rescinded in Oregon, South Dakota, Hawaii, Maryland and Massachusetts. (htttp://www.religioustolerance.org). The winds are changing though, in recent years more parents are perhaps not being convicted, but are being charged for neglect or manslaughter. In 2008 Carl and Raylene Worthington of Oregon, were charged with manslaughter in the death of their 1-year-old daughter, who died from pneumonia. (http://www.cbsnews.com). Mr. Worthington was found guilty of second degree criminal mistreatment and received a sentence of 60 days in jail, 5 years probation and a court order...
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...is very commonplace – a necessity to assert power and control over significant other, which is very typical for our men. Any trifle can trigger violence: a wife said, looked or did something wrong Victims of domestic violence can call to hot lines in Moscow crisis center ANN ( Association against violence), where psychologists provide psychological aid and work out personal safety plan for victims. Indeed, most of those who turned to helpline, desperate enough, they can’t find way-out from situation without help. That's when psychologists from the center come to help. First of all, they help women to decide how to behave with their husbands. It is advisable, in case husband will lock down a wife at home - to give the spare keys to the relatives or ask neighbors immediately to call the police, when they will hear noise in the apartment. Personal visit to the local police department is also possible. Unfortunately, this move in Russia is associated with a serious problem, so you need to prepare for a long fight. Quite common husbands give bribes, or sloppiness by the police in performing their duties also possible. Police consider domestic assault to be less serious and more personal. There are cases, when policemen offered a woman to handcuff their husbands-troublemakers without charges in order to beat him up in the department. Or cynically declared: "It is not by chance that he beats you, it seems impossible to live with you!" There are, of course, Articles on spousal battering...
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...audience. That being said, use of generating and citing evidence is at the core of shaping writing style in this discipline. Different from writing in the humanities, psychologists do not use personal examples, narratives or opinions in any major form of contributive writing. In the experimental report written by Pfeir et al, one would expect an introduction to include explanation of personal motive answering why the researcher/s have interest in contributing to psychological research on young adolescent minorities, however, this is not the case. The closest rationale the reader receives is “Experts have underscored a need for more research investigation if and how mentoring relationships impact young people's sense of themselves as cultural beings (Spencer & Rhodes, 2005)" (Pfeifer et al, 2016). By reading this line, the reader can assume this void in the research matters to the authors significantly, in a way that drove them to conduct a study in this realm, moreover their personal opinion is in effect...
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...Traumatic Encephalopathy CTE is a deterioration of the brain and can also be defined as a progressive neurodegenerative disease, which is caused by repetitive head trauma. CTE first came along in 1928 and was described by New Jersey medical examiner, Dr. Harrison Martland. Martland began to notice a group of related symptoms in boxers (confusion, speech problems, tremors, and slow movement). He published an article entitled “Punch Drunk,” in which he describes the boxers as, “cuckoo,” “goofy,” “cutting paper dolls,” or “slug nutty” (Journal of the American Association, 1928). Later, this was termed dementia pugilistica, which actually means dementia of a fighter. With the growth of our sports like American football, symptoms of CTE were being reported in a number of athletes other than boxers and in the 1960s, it was renamed Chronic Traumatic Encephalopathy. CTE has become a very popular topic because of its close association with American football, soccer hockey, boxing, and professional wrestling. Several of the affected athletes are retired, but have struggled in their late years with anger, depression, substance abuse, memory/motor disturbances, and suicide. Autopsy results from these particular athletes have proposed a link between these cognitive, emotional, and physical manifestations and CTE. In addition to athletes, soldiers have become another group of concern being that many are returning from the battlefield and have brain injuries along with blast trauma causing closed...
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...MOS 5201 – Columbia Southern University October 14, 2013 Introduction When it comes to safety rules and regulations, there are many different sources to look for safety and health facts. In this paper we will be examining the safety and health facts for confined spaces, chromium and nickel in welding fumes, and thoriated tungsten electrodes, as they are presented in both the American Welding Society (AWS) safety and health fact sheets, as well as the course textbook, Occupational & industrial safety health management and engineering (2nd Custom ed.) and other official safety and health expert sources. It can be seen that there many similarities amongst safety regulations, as well as differences, depending on the topic at hand. Confined Spaces Confined Spaces are considered to be a very dangerous hazard for all industries. Cleaning, repair, or maintenance can often require entry inside confined spaces such as small rooms, pits, underground utility vaults, sewers, storage tanks, and so on, often where hot work will need to take place. Hot work in a confined space is characterized by limited space for entry or exit, and poor ventilation of air and other hazardous gases and fumes (Asfahl, Hammer, & Price, 2004/2001). OSHA 1910.146 specifies a permit-required confined space as an area that has one or more of the following characteristics: contains or has the potential to contain a hazardous atmosphere; contains a material that has the potential to engulf an...
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...videotapes, the student will develop and master selected psychomotor skills. III. Required Text(s) Potter, P. A., Perry, A. G., Stockert, P., & Hall, A. (2012). Fundamentals of Nursing (8th ed.). St. Louis, MO: Mosby/Elsevier. ISBN: 9780323079334 Perry. A. G., & Potter, P. A. (2009). Clinical nursing skills and techniques (7th ed.). ISBN10:0323052894 Wilkinson, J.M. & Ahern, N. R. (2009). Prentice Hall nursing diagnosis handbook with NIC interventions and NOC outcomes (9th ed.). Pearson: Upper Saddle River, NJ. 1 IV. Recommended/Supplemental Text or Reference Material Potter, P. A., Perry, A. G., Stockert, P., & Hall, A. (2012). Study guide: Fundamentals of Nursing (8th ed.). St. Louis, MO: Mosby/Elsevier. ISBN: 9780323084697 American Psychological Association (2010). Publication manual of the American Psychological Association ( 6th ed.), Washington, DC: Author V. Course Objectives: Upon completion of this course the students will be able to: 1. Use scientific rationale to demonstrate basic psychomotor nursing skills. 2. Demonstrate basic skills in nursing documentation. 3. Identify the influence of culture on the health beliefs and practices of selected groups. 4. Identify ethical principles and standards in nursing practice. 5. Identify the purposes and roles of the Maryland government in legislating nursing practice. 6. Describe the relationship between critical thinking and performing the...
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