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Amish People in America

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Amish People in America
Onieca Baraka
ANT 101 Introduction to Cultural Anthropology
June 11th, 2012

Imagine living in house with no electricity, or not having the luxury of driving an automobile. Picture not being able to eat at fast food restaurants or shop at the mall. There are people in our nation who live like that every day. Amish people have been living in America since the early 1700’s. The Amish societies have grown tremendously, and continue to live by their own rules in an ever changing world. With all of the technology available today, Amish leaders choose not to indulge, but rather to live a simple life. Although there are some minor differences in Amish bands, Amish do not falter from their traditions or beliefs and rituals. In about 1730 the first Amish settlers arrived and settled in Lancaster County, Pennsylvania. The Amish were led by Jakob Anman in a split from the Mennonites over differences in beliefs. Since settling in Pennsylvania the Amish have split into several different groups and are settled in several different states.
People of the Amish society are emerging agriculturalists. Their primary mode of subsistence is farming. For the most part Amish men and children work on the farm. Women take care of the home and help with barn chores if the family lives on a farm (Kraybill, 2001). Amish farms are not known to be big, but just enough to provide for the family. Amish are not allowed to run big farms in order to control power. As in most cultures, Amish women play a major role in maintaining the family. The Amish family usually consists of ten to twelve members. Amish women take care of the children as well as all of the house work. If the man owns a shop, then sometimes his wife will work there, or run the business. Religion is a big part of Amish culture; Amish people practice adult baptism. Although all Amish family members attend church, membership is not gained until baptism. They believe that only adults can make informed decisions about their own salvation and commitment to the church (Powell, Amish 101). Once a member of the Amish church, the ordnung (rules of the church) must be followed precisely. The ordnung is a code of conduct for Amish people to live by (Kraybill, 2001). Those who choose not to conform to the code are excommunicated or shunned.
Marriage and family is also an important aspect of Amish culture. Amish women do not take birth control, resulting in very large families. The average Amish family consists of seven children. Most Amish children are born at home, but some are born at local hospitals if the pregnancy is high risk. During childbirth it is customary for women of kin to assist the new mother in all of her needs. Amish children are divided into three categories, little people (under school age), scholars (children in school), and young people (fifteen and older). Young people are allowed to socialize and date. Marriages in Amish communities usually occur between the ages of twenty-two and twenty-five. Divorce is rare in the Amish culture. The man of the house is the head of the Amish household and is treated with the utmost respect. Often times Amish women are unhappy, but it is rarely voiced due to the fact that divorce is forbidden in Amish societies. Divorce leads to excommunication or staying single for the rest of your life. The only time an Amish person is allowed to remarry is if their spouse dies. All Amish children receive formal education up until the eighth grade. The Amish believe that school is only a fraction of total education. Upon completion of the eighth grade, Amish children go on to receive their real world education. They learn how to make a living and what it means to be Amish. Parents begin to teach their children more about the importance of Amish lifestyle in hopes that they will choose to join the church. There have been several efforts by states to force Amish children to attend public high schools. Amish parents believe that if their children attend school with outsiders, then they will gain too much exposure to the worldly traditions which may result in straying away from Amish beliefs. Mainstream medical care is also rare in Amish societies. When it comes to health and welfare, the Amish keep it simple as usual. They stick to natural treatments unless it is absolutely necessary to visit a doctor. Amish people do not apply for any health insurance or aid from the government, so all fees are paid out of pocket. They believe in taking lots of vitamins, growing medicinal herbs and plants, and drinking tea for colds. Shots and pills are not accepted in Amish culture; it is believed that they cause more harm than good to the body (Sweider & Sweider, 1975). Religion is another reason why the Amish don’t believe in preventive medicine. According to Hostetler (1995), the Amish live according to the scripture in Genesis which says that God created the body and it should not be tampered with. Due to the recycling of the same bloodlines in the Amish and Mennonite communities, they possess certain diseases and disorders that are uncommon in other populations. Some of the disorders and diseases only exist in Amish communities. Many neighboring communities to the Amish have made provision at their medical facilities to accommodate their Amish patients. Chiropractors are used frequently in Amish households. Some families even consider the chiropractor the family doctor. Because chiropractors spend a lot of time talking to their patients and offer a substantial amount of physical contact, Amish patients may feel more comfortable (Hostetler, 1995). Amish lifestyle reminds me of the tales that my grandmother told me of life in the 1930’s and beyond. Life wasn’t about seeing who could get the most, but more about survival and family. In these days and times traditional values do not exist; neither do community values and togetherness. Our society has been plagued by material items and competing against the next person. As I sit in my room reevaluating my life and all of the extras that have been taken for granted, I realize that there is so much more to life than what I have been living for. The Amish are probably a very happy group of people because no one is worrying about who has the best clothes, car, gadgets, or job. They just live the simple life to the fullest.

References
Egenes, L., (2009). Visits with The Amish. Iowa City, IA. University of Iowa Press
Hostetler, J. (1993). Amish Society. Baltimore, Maryland: The Johns Hopkins University Press.
Kraybill,D., (2001). Riddle of Amish Culture. Baltimore, MD. John Hopkins University Press
Sweider, D. & Sweider E. (1975). A Peculiar People. Ames Iowa: Iowa State University Press
Wesner, E., (2010). Success Made Simple: An Inside Look at Why Amish Businesses Thrive. Hoboken, NJ. Jossey-Bass
http://pittsburgh.about.com/cs/pennsylvania/a/amish_3.htm

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