...Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (OCD), defined by the American Psychiatric Association in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM) is a mental disorder with “essential features of recurrent obsessions of compulsions that are severe enough to be time consuming or cause marked distress or significant impairment.” Even though this disorder has been mentioned since the seventeenth century many aspects of its origin are still unknown. Affecting around one percent of the United States population, OCD is shown to be equally common between males and females. Yet, the age of onset is generally earlier in males. Health professionals are still trying to figure out what factors are responsible but commonly look for three things when...
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...estimated that around 25% of adults in the United States of America is living with a mental illness (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention [CDC], 2011). Obsessive compulsive disorder (OCD) is one of the many mental illnesses that are diagnosed worldwide. This disorder is a debilitating mental disorder that can become manageable with treatment (National Institute of Mental Health, 2016). To have a complete understanding of obsessive compulsive disorder it is important to review all aspects of this disorder. Obsessive compulsive disorder is a chronic disorder that is characterized by uncontrollable, intrusive thoughts called obsessions and repetitive behaviors or mental acts which are called compulsions (National Institute of Mental...
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...This Lack of knowledge about mental illnesses has been found by various studies as a key cause of devastating beliefs people have about causes of mental illnesses. Some people believe that mental illnesses are equated to possession of evil spirits, witchcraft or curse (Chikomo 2012). In a study carried out in Kenya to determine the knowledge, attitudes, beliefs and practice of mental illness among staff members in general medical facilities found that despite the staff’s knowledge on recognition, diagnosing and treatment of mental illness, they still maintained their cultural views of mental illness. They had a view that mentally ill people are worthless, dirty, senseless, dangerous and unpredictable. (Ndetei D, Khasakhala L, V, & AW,...
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...Topic: Institution: 1. Introduction Mental illness is considered to be a wide range of conditions on mental health and also known to be a disorder affecting an individual’s behavior, thinking and mood. Some example includes addictive behaviors, eating disorders, schizophrenia, anxiety disorder and depression. From time to time, most individuals are known to have numerous mental health concerns. Mental health concern are actually not mental illnesses but if they persist and the symptoms and sings result to recurring stress that affect an individual’s ability to function, then they can be considered to be mental illness. Mental illness is quite a big problem to an individual and usually turns an individual to be miserable throughout their day if they are not well managed. Counseling (psychotherapy) and a medication combination is mostly used to manage mental illness. Mental illness symptoms and signs are known to be varying depending on particular circumstances, disorder and numerous other factors. An individuals behaviors, thought and emotions are mostly affected by a mental illness. most mental illness are known not to improve on their own but they get worse if they go untreated over a long time and causing a lot of damage. Treatment of mental illness varies depending on the mental illness type, its severity and the form, kind or type of treatment that will work to a particular individual. Two individual having a similar mental illness condition might have to treat them differently...
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...Law Society of Western Australia – Personal Injury Law Update 8 October 2013 BULLYING AND PSYCHIATRIC INJURY; RECENT AND PROPOSED DEVELOPMENTS IN THE LAW Geoffrey R Hancy B.Juris(Hons), LLB(Hons), B.Ec(UWA), LLM(Melb) geoff@hancy.net www.hancy.net Introduction 1 My paper covers: 1.1 Amendments to the Fair Work Act 2009 (Cth) to allow the Fair Work Commission (FWC) to deal with bullying claims; 1.2 Recent court decisions on claims for damages for psychiatric illness; 1.3 The nature of a recognisable psychiatric illness. Fair Work Act 2009 (Cth) 2 On 28 June 2013 the Fair Work Act 2009 (Cth) was amended to incorporate, among other changes, express provisions addressing bullying in the workplace. 3 These provisions will come into operation on 1 January 2014. They are found in a new Part 6-4 B – Workers’ Bullied at Work (sections 789FA to 789FL). Bullying 4 A worker is bullied at work if one or more individuals repeatedly behave unreasonably towards the worker, or a group of workers of which the worker is a member, and that behaviour creates a risk to health and safety: s789FD. Reasonable management action carried out in a reasonable manner is not bullying: s789FD. Not to be copied without the express permission of the author -2- Criteria for and orders that can be made 5 If the Fair Work Commission is satisfied that : 5.1 The worker has been bullied at work; and 5.2 There is a risk the worker will...
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...a mental health disorder along this journey, it can become an even more treacherous and dangers path. These are indeed two very complex struggles for one human being. The combination of a person suffering an alcohol or substance abuse disorder and a mental illness disorder are identified has having a dual diagnosis. Dual diagnosis has different causes, difficulty in trying to diagnose and difficult to treat and it affects many in our world today. Most importantly, a dual diagnosis is most difficult on the individual who suffers with the disease. Dual Diagnosis Definition and Types What does dual-diagnosis actually mean? A dual diagnosis disorder occurs when an individual is affected by both chemical dependency and an emotional or psychiatric illness. Both chemical dependency and psychiatric illness may affect an individual physically, psychologically, socially and spiritually (The Dual Diagnosis Recovery Book, 1993). The most common mental health issues that coincide with addictions are ADHD, anxiety, depressions, bi-polar, schizophrenia, personality disorders, eating disorders and PTSD. The combination of a mental health illness and an addiction can exasperate the symptoms and triggers of the individual’s illness to dangerous physical and mental levels. These disorders combined can effect each disease and interact with each other dramatically because they are closely intertwined. It is difficult to determine which of the co-occurring disease is happens. Alcohol and...
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...and indeed the world as to whether people with a mental illness are at increased risk of violence. In particular, the diagnosing of current or even future offenders has offered a wide insight not only into mental illness as a stand-alone but to whether it is a major trigger in acts of violence. Offenders with mental illness have attracted substantial attention over the recent years, given their prevalence and poor outcomes. A number of interventions have been developed for this population (e.g., mental health courts) and they share an emphasis on one component as the foundation of the problem: mental illness. Focusing soley on psychiatric services inadequately tie in with the policy goal of reducing recidivism. The validity of mental illness being linked t criminal behavior points towards moderated arbitration techniques and the effect of mental illness on other “recidivism” is to some extent interceded by system impartiality and shame. The recognition of mental illness being tied to offenders been identified as a feasible tool to decrease the escalating level of offending amongst juveniles, and indeed has been implemented in varying forms as a diversion away from the criminal justice system. In this essay, the notion of people with mental health problems are not at increased risk of committing violence will be explored. Mulvey (1997) showed that in general, contrary to findings of earlier research, an association does appear to exist between mental illness and the likelihood...
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...Discuss the physical, emotional, cognitive and behavioral responses an individual is likely to experience in response to a newly diagnosed condition with a poor prognosis. Definitions: Physical: of body: relating to the body, rather than to the mind, the soul, or the feelings Cognitive: 1.concerned with acquisition (gaining) of knowledge: relating to the process of acquiring knowledge by the use of reasoning, intuition, or perception. Relating to thought processes. The interpretation of stimuli and the organization of thoughts and ideas. Emotional: a state of feeling. -a conscious mental reaction (as anger or fear) subjectively experienced as strong feeling usually directed toward a specific object and typically accompanied by physiological and behavioral changes in the body (merriam webster) Behavioral: 1.way somebody behaves: the way in which somebody behaves Research: -Psychological responses of terminally ill patients who are experiencing suffering: A qualitative study According to leading theories, suffering is dependent on the threats that the patient perceives and the resources the patient uses to respond to such threats. Previously published reports have identified the occurrence of a terminal disease as a period of multiple threats that can generate intense suffering. Examples of such suffering include pain and other symptoms (Heath et al., 2010, Jurado-Martín et al., 2010, Abraham et al., 2006 and Lorenz et al., 2006), the progressive dependence...
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...PUEBLO COMMUNITY COLLEGE NURSING NUR 211 Psychiatric-Mental Health Nursing Supplemental Learning Guide Course Objectives * Relate the minimum requirements for the course. * Illustrate the use of competencies for learning. * Formulate own needs and responsibilities relative to meeting course competencies. * Relate course/clinical assignments and evaluation * Distinguish how the major concepts (see Nursing Student Handbook) of the program are affected by the variety of conditions and diseases within this course for all age groups. Outline A. Orientation to course 1. Course descriptions 2. Course outcomes/competencies 3. Textbooks B. Course Requirements 1. Student assignments and responsibilities 2. Minimum level of achievement 3. Evaluation tools C. Course/ Clinical Assignments and Evaluation D. Major Concepts 1. Caring 2. Clinical judgment, clinical reasoning, and nursing judgment 3. Clinical microsystem 4. Collaboration 5. Critical thinking 6. Cultural competence and Diversity 7. Ethics 8. Evidence-based care 9. Healthcare environment 10. Human flourishing 11. Informatics and Information management 12. Integrity 13. Knowledge, skills, and attitudes 14. Leadership 15. Nursing and Nursing Process 16. Nursing-sensitive indicators 17. Patient and Patient-centered care 18. Personal and Professional development 19. Professional identity ...
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...each individual is able to recognize his or her own potential, cope with normal stresses of life, work productively and fruitfully, and make a contribution to the community. * Mental Illness- maladaptive responses to stressors from the internal or external environment, evidenced by thoughts, feelings, and behaviors that are incongruent with the local and cultural norms, and interfere with the individuals social, occupational and or physical functioning. * Anticipatory grief-when a loss is anticipated, individuals often begin the work of grieving before the actual loss occurs. * Bereavement overload- this is particularly true for elderly individuals who may be experiencing numerous losses- such as spouse, friends, other relatives, independent functioning, home, personal possessions, and pets in a relatively short time as grief accumulates a type of bereavement overload occurs which for some individuals presents an impossible task of grief work. * Ego defense mechanisms-defense mechanisms employed by the ego in the face of threat to biological or psychological integrity identified by Anna Freud 1953. Some of these are more adaptive than others, but all are used either consciously or unconsciously as protective devices for the ego in an effort to relieve mild to moderate anxiety. * Projection: Attributing feelings or impulses unacceptable to one’s self to another person. * Undoing: Symbolically negating or canceling out an experience that one finds intolerable...
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...Mental illness paper Athena M. Blythe HCA/240 December 14, 2014 Ismaila Ramon Mental Illness Paper There are several types of anxiety disorders. The anxiety disorder that I chose to write about is post-traumatic stress disorder also known as PTSD. A person with PTSD has experienced an overwhelming traumatic incident. Most think of veterans of war having PTSD. Actually PTSD is more common than you think. It can happen because of a car accident, a fire, a rape, child abuse, or even events like September 11,2001. Patients with PTSD experience the traumatic event repeatedly and can last for months or even years after the original event. Over the years there have been many studies to diagnosis and help treat patients with PTSD. Post-traumatic stress disorder was officially introduced in the psychiatric world in the 1980 according to the publication of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Third Edition (DSM-III) by The American Psychiatric Association (APA). However the signs and symptoms can be noted as far back as the fifth century. During the First World War soldiers were showing signs of fatigue, impaired vision, nightmares, confusions, and seizure like tendencies. Medical professional didn’t understand the cause and called this reaction “shell shocked” since there were no physical evidence of trauma and as a result the behavior was often perceived as being a coward. In fact some believed that based on the idea that soldiers were faking their psychological...
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... SOCIAL ANXIETY A research paper presented to Mr. Fernando T. Tuliao Faculty of the English Department In partial fulfillment of the requirements Of the subject English IV By Ulrich R. Timan January 2014 Social Anxiety For some strange reason, Teenagers nowadays are more likely to be found starring at their Computer Screen, Logged in in their favorite Social Media Site. Is it just us or is it just the internet’s hooking abilities that’s caging us to this imaginary dome? Let me remind you that it’s normal for us teenagers to enjoy being at home while surfing the net, but somehow we’re missing something here; maybe it’s not the internet, what if it’s the teenagers itself that’s being the problem here. Let’s take a closer look. Social anxiety is a discomfort or a fear when a person is in social interactions that involve a concern about being judged or evaluated by others. It is typically characterized by an intense fear of what others are thinking about them (specifically fear of embarrassment, criticism, or rejection), which results in the individual feeling insecure, not good enough for other people, and/or the assumption that peers will automatically reject them. Developmental social anxiety occurs early in childhood as a normal part of the development of social functioning, and is a stage that most children grow out of, but it may persist or resurface and grow into chronic social anxiety. People vary in how often they experience social anxiety and in which...
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...condition and everyone was worried about her. At that time, I was still too young to understand what was really wrong, or what all those big words meant. But, I often heard the word therapy and medication in reference to my aunt. Everybody looked very worried when her condition was discussed. Now that I am ten years older and taking a psychology course, I often think back and wonder what experience means in the professional world. In the frame of this current writing assignment I want to take the time out to find out what actually happened to my aunt and what she really experienced at this time. In order to fulfil this assignment, I will present findings from literature on panic disorder, and some of the experiences that my aunt shared with me in a recent conversation, in order to make make comparisons between literature and the actual experience that my aunt had. In Summery, it appears that panic disorder is characterized by an experience of unable terror that can impair peoples life on many levels and can also cause additional problems such as other anxiety problems and even depression. During the conversations with my aunt, I asked her how she experienced her condition. She said "It started out as one panic attack and then it increased.". When I asked her how those attacks felt to her, she was not really able to describe them in detail. In fact, it was very hard for her to describe what had happened to her, altogether. However, she said " it's a totally experience of terror...
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...Psychotropic Drugs Aren’t the Answer Johnathan Thomas COM/155 September 18, 2013 JEANNE HUFFMAN Abstract According to the National Institute of Mental Health, an estimated 17 million adult Americans suffer from depression during any 1-year period. Depression is a real illness and carries with it a high cost in terms of relationship problems, family suffering and lost work productivity. Yet, depression is a highly treatable illness. There are many types of effective therapy available. Three of the more common methods used in depression treatment include cognitive behavioral therapy, interpersonal therapy, and psychodynamic therapy. Often, a blended approach is used. Life style changes can prevent and treat depression with proper exercise, nutrition, sleep, social support and stress reduction. Once depression takes hold there are common measures used to combat it, psychotherapy and medications. Having said that, medications without psychotherapy, is as useless as a screen door on a submarine. Psychotropic Drugs Aren’t the Answer Medications can be harmful. Medication is an important part of the therapy process for some individuals, however, psychotropic medications (like all drugs), do not come without potential risks or side effects. Physical side effects from medication may include, but are not limited to, dizziness, drowsiness, changes in appetite, sleep disturbance, and/or weight gain. Side effects can also be emotional/psychological...
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...October 14, 2012 Matthew Hoffman Mental Illness: OCD Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) is an anxiety disorder characterized by the inability to control or even stop unwanted thoughts and actions. From the 14th to the 16th century in Europe, OCD was thought to be a devilish influence and treated through exorcisms (“Who discovered OCD?”). As time went on, this anxiety disorder was thought as a form on insanity; this was until the 19th century. In the 19th century, the obsessive thoughts and compulsive actions were debated as neurosis (“A short history of OCD”, 2009). Finally in 1910, OCD was known to be the “touching disorder” by Sigmund Freud. Freud and Pierre Janet were the first to identify that the disorder is a psychological disorder (“A short history of OCD”, 2009; “Who discovered OCD?”, Karr, 2010). Obsessive-compulsive disorder affects about 1 percent of the United States and 1.8 percent of Canadians. The cradle to grave occurrence of obsessive-compulsive disorder is approximately 1.7 to 4 percent (Moscou & Snipe, 2009). In adults, men and women are equally affected by OCD, according to the American Psychiatric Association in the DSM-IV-TR (2000). According to Medical Doctor, Sang H. Suh, men with OCD have symptoms show up at a younger age than women; men as 6 to 15 years old and women being in their 20’s (2004). Some researchers say that minorities—mostly African and Mexican Americans—are more susceptible to anxiety disorders, such as OCD. This is very controversial...
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