...MINDANAO SANITARIUM AND HOSPITAL COLLEGE SCHOOL OF NURSING A CASE PRESENTATION OF BIPOLAR 1 DISORDER In Partial Fulfillment of the Course NCM 105 Related Learning Experiences January 2013 Table of Contents The Authors Acknowledgement Dedication Objectives of the Study Introduction CHAPTER I -Assessment Psychiatric Nursing History Anamnesis Genogram Mini Mental Status Examination Mental Status Exam Physical Assessment Diagnostic Studies Nurse’s Progress Notes CHAPTER II – Diagnosis and Analysis Psychodynamics Psychodynamics Concept map Life Chart Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorder CHAPTER III – Planning and Implementation Nursing Care Plans Psychotherapist Nurse’s Process Recording or NPI CHAPTER IV – Psychopharmacology CHAPTER V – Discharge Plan CHAPTER VI – Evaluation, Prognosis and Recommendation GLOSSARY REFERENCES THE AUTHORS BSN 3B – Group 1 Bandiola, Maricar Mae Bolo, Princess Venimarie Cristobal, Rosnel Dag-uman, Leslie Ann Fuentes, Rajiv Jun Maglasang, Crizza Mariz Montefalcon, Jessel Nasala, Queency Pranza, Mae Kenneth Quinalayo, Paul Vincent Valiente, Katherine ACKNOWLEDGEMENT People would always say, “Two heads are better than one”. How much more if there are more heads than two? A project like this would definitely never be accomplished without the collaboration of many people. First and foremost, we would like to thank our heavenly father for giving us the knowledge...
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...damaged relationships and careers, and even suicidal tendencies if it's not treated. Bipolar disorder is characterized by extreme changes in mood, from mania to depression. Between these mood episodes, a person with bipolar disorder may experience normal moods. "Manic" describes an increasingly restless, energetic, talkative, reckless, powerful, euphoric period. Lavish spending sprees or impulsive risky sex can occur. Then, at some point, this high-flying mood can spiral into something darker -- irritation, confusion, anger, feeling trapped. "Depression" describes the opposite mood -- sadness, crying, sense of worthlessness, loss of energy, loss of pleasure, sleep problems. But because the pattern of highs and lows varies for each person, bipolar disorder is a complex disease to diagnose. For some people, mania or depression can last for weeks or months, (and rarely, even years). For other people, bipolar disorder takes the form of frequent and dramatic mood episodes. (WebMD, 2013) "There's a whole spectrum of symptoms and mood changes that have been found in bipolar disorder," says Michael Aronson, MD, a clinical psychiatrist. "It's not always dramatic mood swings. In fact, some people seem to get along just fine. The manic periods can be very, very productive. They think things are going great." The danger comes, he says, when the mania grows much worse. "The change can be very dramatic, with catastrophic results. People can get involved in reckless behavior, spend a lot of money...
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...Mood Disorders someone BEH/225 12/18/2011 JS Mood Disorders Mood disorders are characterized by disturbances in mood or prolonged emotional state, sometimes referred to as affect. Mood disorders are characterized by depression and/or mania. While "mood" is extremely subjective and often used interchangeably with "feeling" or "emotion," the psychiatric profession classifies mood disorders as a group of defined mental disorders. In some people with mood disorders, this range is greatly restricted. They seem stuck at one or the other end of the emotional spectrum either consistently excited or euphoric or consistently sad whatever the circumstances of their lives. There are several types of disorders that can be defined as emotional or mental disorders that fall in the same category. Depression is the most common type of mood disorder that can be found in people ranging from preteens to adults, and in some cases senior citizens. Psychologists have identified the teenage years as one of the most difficult phases of human life. Although they are often seen as a time for enjoying friendship and engaging in activities that adults would not usually do, the teenage period can be difficult. Many changes in the human mind take place during puberty . Apart from the onset of sexual maturity, teenagers must also make key decisions about their future, develop their identities, change schools and meet new sets of friends, find out about their family's past, and cope with a wide range...
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...Bipolar disorder is also known as Manic-Depressive Illness, it is often categorized as a mood disorder, which causes a person’s mood to shift. A person who is suffering from the disorder can have their mood shift from an energetic or elevated mood to depression and mania for no apparent reason. These episodes can last anywhere from days to weeks. It has been said that more than two million adult Americans suffer from bipolar disorder (Mulvihill, Zelman, Holdaway, Tompary, & Raymond, 2006). The known age of onset is younger than 30, but with an average age of 18 (Gearon & Bellack, 2000). Some people can experience symptoms during childhood, and then later in life have it fully develop, but generally if develop in early adulthood. Bipolar disorder is often not recognized as an illness, and people may go years suffering without a proper diagnosis, or treatment, “one in five people with untreated bipolar disorder successfully take his or her life” (Goodwin, & Jamison, 1990). This statistic is not only overwhelming, but scary. Knowing how many young Americans suffer from this disorder to know one in five of those people will commit suicide is just heart-wrenching. Bipolar disorder does not only affect someone’s mood, but life style as well. Researchers have found that other aspects of a person’s life is effected like, ability to keep a job, sexual indiscretions, alcohol or substance abuse, and life decisions. The disorder order often alters a person’s judgment when making decisions...
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...Bipolar Disorder, also known as Manic Depression, involves episodes of mania and depression, with periods of stability. Manic episodes are characterized by elevated energy levels, restlessness, feeling of nothing can go wrong, and high self-confidence; while depressive episodes are the exact opposite: low energy, sluggish, sadness, and feeling of hopelessness. Occasionally, people suffering from Bipolar Disorder can suffer more severe symptoms such as hallucinations, delusions, and disorganized thinking. Although they do not know the exact cause of Bipolar Disorder, researchers believe that biologic, genetic and environmental factors are all involved in causing and triggering episodes of the illness. Evidence suggests that an imbalance of neurotransmitters (chemical substance) in the brain is the culprit. Episodes can last weeks or months. Manic or Bipolar disorder affects more than 2.3 million American adults. Bipolar or Manic disorder affects males and females equally although females are more likely to experience more depressive and less manic symptoms. Twenty to 30 percent of adults bipolar patients noticed their first Bipolar or Manic Depression before the age of 20. In the cases of a teen suffering from manic or bipolar. A diagnosis to bipolar or manic depression has to be made carefully by a psychiatrist base on the following test: the adolescent age and medical history, adolescence tolerance for specific medications or therapies, expectations for the course...
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...will come and go without incident. Their feelings of elation or sadness are understandable reactions to daily events and do not affect their lives greatly or the lives of people around them. The moods of people with mood disorders, in contrast, tend to last a long time. Their mood colors all of their interactions with the world and interferes with normal functioning of their daily lives. (Comer, 2011) According to the American Journal of Psychiatry, Patients with bipolar disorder differ from patients with unipolar depression by having family histories of mania with an earlier onset and by having more episodes over a lifetime. Their study was designed to determine whether additional aspects of course of illness, the presence of medical diseases, childhood traits, and other familial illnesses separate the two groups. The group of bipolar patients had an earlier onset, a more acute onset, more total episodes, andmore familial mania and were more likely to be male. These differences were relatively independent of each other. The bipolar patients were also more likely to be hyperactive as children. The unipolar patients had a significantly greater number of lifetime medical/surgical interventions than the bipolar patients, even when age was controlled. Alcoholism was more prevelant in the families of the bipolar patiens, even when alcoholism in the probands was controlled; however, this difference was not significant. This study supports the usefulness of distinguishing between...
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...Running Head: Family-Focused Treatment vs. Individual Treatment for Bipolar Disorder Family-Focused Treatment vs. Individual Treatment for Bipolar Disorder Amber Reddy Ivy Tech Community College Abstract Over a nine month period, recently hospitalized bipolar, manic patients were assigned at random to participate in family-focused psycho-educational therapy or individually focused patient treatment. Along with mood-stabilizing medications, all patients received concurrent treatment. During the two year study, one year period of active treatment and one year period of post treatment, organized follow-up assessments were conducted at three month intervals. Patients in family treatment were found to be less likely to be re-hospitalized and experienced fewer mood disorder relapses than those in the individual based treatment. Although between the two groups, there was no difference in the likelihood of a first relapse. Family-Focused Treatment vs. Individual Treatment for Bipolar Disorder When it comes to bipolar disorder, is family-focused treatment better than individual treatment? According to the APA (American Psychological Association, it is. During a two year clinical trial using patients recruited from inpatient services from three large hospitals in the Los Angela’s area, fifty-three patients were chosen at random. Criteria for the study required patients to have been between the ages of 18- 45, diagnosed with the bipolar disorder, currently on mood-regulating...
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...Abstract Bipolar disorder (also known as manic-depression) is a chronic brain disorder marked by bouts of extreme and impairing changes in mood, energy, overwhelming thoughts, and behavior. What is it going to take to get people to comprehend what it really means to be bipolar? Well that’s a question we should all think about; whether it pertains to your child or someone else’s. Observing and documenting the child’s behavior and mood changes is the first step. There are several symptoms that are most consistent some include, high energy with little need for sleep; increased hyper, or "bouncing off the walls"; increased talkativeness with fast speech; racing thoughts , poor judgment etc. Treatment is available for these children we just need to pull to together and let one another know they have support. The Impact of children with Bipolar Disorder Bipolarism in children can influence them in a negative manner. It can cause a child to become extremely dangerous if not treated or treated correctly. “Viewing moods in bipolar varies on their severity” (D. Papolos M.D. & J. Papolos 2002). The youth that doesn’t get diagnosed or treated properly has a higher chance of developing poor social skills. Most people view bipolar disorder as just a general simplistic illness, when in all actuality it is far from it. Most children that suffer from bipolarsim typically do not fully understand the reason they are feeling the symptoms. Learning the early stages of bipolar disorder...
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...Diagnosis and Treatment Shirlene Deshields Axia College of the University of Phoenix Mood Disorders are characterized by disturbances in mood or prolonged emotional state (Morris and Maisto, 2005). These disorders, also referred to as affective disorders, involve continual feelings of sadness or periods of feeling overly happy, or fluctuations from extreme happiness to extreme sadness. Humans by nature have a wide emotional range. One moment a person can be “up” and then “down” the next depending on circumstances. For those with a mood disorder, this range of emotion is significantly constrained. Both Biological and Psychological Factors play a role in the development of mood disorders. There is evidence that exist that proves that this disorder can be passed down through genetics and are caused by certain chemical imbalances in the brain (Morris and Maisto, 2005). The most common mood disorders are depression, and bipolar disorder. When a person is persistently dealing with feelings of sadness beyond a time span of a few weeks, he or she may have depression. The mechanisms that trigger depression are still unknown to researchers. However, two natural substances that allow brain cells to communicate with one another-are also known as neurotransmitters are implicated in depression: serotonin and norepinephrine. Mood disorders are thought to be caused by nature and nurture. Biological factors that may lead to a bipolar episode are chemical imbalances...
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...cyclothymia a livable condition, and when the condition does not progress to more severe symptoms, it can be managed with cognitive behavioral therapy. For others, destabilization of mood occurs so frequently that people will seek medication. People may take low dose mood stabilizers, and occasionally an antidepressant to help address persistent cycling. An affective disorder, also known as a mood disorder, is any mental condition whose main symptom is a major uncontrollable shifting of mood. There are a variety of affective disorders and they are typically categorized by the prevalence of the two main ends of the mood spectrum: mania and depression. Mania is a state of increased energy with feelings of euphoria and impulsiveness, while depression is a lack of energy with feelings of sadness or hopelessness. Affective disorders can be mostly mania or depression, or an abrupt shifting between the two. One of the most common types...
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...somewhat but not in depth so this gave me a great time to start. Bipolar disorder is also known as also known as bipolar affective disorder, manic-depressive illness, or affective psychosis. A person with bipolar disorder will experience mood swings that will range from depression to mania. When a person is depressed they might feel sad, irritable, anxious, suicidal, low levels of self-esteem. Then, when they have a mood switch you might feel increased sex drive, poor judgments, euphoria, and high levels of self-esteem. There are several types of bipolar disorder (Bipolar phase 1 & 2, Cyclothymic disorder, Mixed bipolar, and Rapid-cycling bipolar). Some steps that could be taken to help reduce the incidence of Bipolar disorder: Paying attention to your warning signs- If you pay attention to your symptoms early on can prevent episodes from getting worse. Avoid drugs and alcohol- Even though drugs and alcohol will make you feel better at first. It will actually make your symptoms more likely to come back. Also with the side effects of using drugs and alcohol it can make your worse. Keep Stress to a minimum- With people that have bipolar disorder stress can trigger episodes of depression and mania. Try to do things to help you relax, and do things that make you feel good for you not anyone else. References for my Bipolar research...
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...symptoms and causes, the neuropsychological deficits it presents in relation to comorbid conditions, how it affects student learning, educational impairments it causes, its educational implications for teachers and counselors, and its treatment and outcomes. The primary purpose of this paper is to educate educational service providers about PBPD so they can be more aware of how to recognize it in order to provide referral for intervention when needed, help in the process of providing early intervention, and accommodate for the disorder in the classroom. Most people go through normal ups and downs in life. Bipolar Disorder symptoms are much more powerful than that. BPD is a mood disorder characterized by recurring cycling of mania and depression. Symptoms of mania may include increased physical and mental activity, high energy, elated mood, excessive irritability, aggressive behavior, racing thoughts and speech, grandiosity, and some cases delusions and hallucinations (Hoofnagle, 2002). Symptoms of depression may include...
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...` “Bipolar Disorder” is one of the most common disorders in young teens today. Bipolar dissorder People who suffer from bipolar have episodes of mania as well as episodes of depression. During an episode of mania the person may feel very optimistic, they may have unrealistic beliefs about their abilities, they may also spend little time sleeping and yet have boundless energy, they may talk so rapidly that others can’t keep up, racing thoughts and moving from topic to topic without any transition, distraction, impaired judgment impulsive actions, taking risky and reckless decisions without thinking about the consequences, and in severe cases delusions and hallucinations.... [tags: Health, Diseases] | 1289 words (3.7 pages) | FREE Essays | [view] | Bipolar Disorder - Bipolar Disorder Bipolar Disorder is the medical name for manic depression, and means an illness with ‘directly opposite’ states of mind. Sufferers of Bipolar illness have mood swings, sometimes feeling ‘high’ or manic, and at other times feeling ‘low’ or depressed. Although the ‘highs’ can occasionally be enjoyable, these extreme emotions are often distressing and can be very disruptive to people’s lives. Few Disorders in history have been described with such consistency as Bipolar Disorder has been.... [tags: Papers] | 3630 words (10.4 pages) | FREE Essays | [view] | Bipolar - What is manic depression. “ It has a name now I know what it is“ ( gold pg 26 ) Manic depression also know as bipolar disorder,...
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...Mood and Addictive Disorders Mood disorders, including depression and bipolar disorders, are the most common among patients. Substance disorder is also very common in our society today. There are many causes and different treatments for each. As well as potential gender and cultural influences on depressive, bipolar, and substance disorders. Depressive disorder is an illness that the whole body is involved, it affects the mood and thoughts. Depressive will interfere with daily life and normal functions. This disorder plays effect of the person dealing with it as well as other surrounding that cares for him or her. Depressive disorder is just not passing a blue mood. People suffering with this disorder cannot physically pull themselves together to get better. The exact cause of depression is still unknown, but there are many factors that can increase the risk of developing this condition. A family history of depressions could possible increase the risk. Major events, positive or negative, can cause stress and lead to depression. For example, getting married, having a new baby, starting a new job are positive things but can be very stressful. Losing a job, retiring, or getting a divorce are negative events that may could cause depression. Serious illness, like cancer, may trigger. Or other personal problems such as social isolation can also contribute to the risk of developing depression. Each person is different and the treatments may vary. The most common is being put...
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...Generalized Anxiety Disorder is an impairing mental disorder that can take control of a persons life. Not only are there various mental symptoms, such as difficulty in controlling worry, but there are also many physical symptoms, such as irritability, muscle tension, etc (American Psychiatric Association, 2013). For this paper, I interviewed a family friend, who shall remain nameless, but for the point of this paper will be called Nicole. She was clinically diagnosed with Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD) and has been dealing with this mental illness for all of her life. Nicole has learned to cope with her stress, and is able to live a normal life currently, even though she still experiences some symptoms. Nicole’s experience through GAD is an eye opening experience for anyone looking on because of how invasive this disorder could be in a person’s life. From the very beginning, Nicole has had to deal with this disorder. Her parents could not take her anywhere because she had a phobia of many things and stressed out about different social situations. In order to treat this disorder, without the use of medications, Nicole went through 10 years of therapy, which taught her various skills to cope with and prevent stress from overtaking her life. Her parents also got a dog, which was one of her phobias, and slowly introduced her to her fears. This experience had a tremendous impact on her, making most of her phobia symptoms go away. Once Nicole moved away to college, these symptoms...
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