...Express, an International Journal of Multi Disciplinary Research ISSN: 2348 – 2052 , Vol. 1, Issue 2, Feb 2014 Available at: www.express‐journal.com The Cultural Agenda of Translation & Arabization: Aspects of the Problems by Dr. Ali Albashir Mohammed Al-haj Department of English Faculty of Arts& humanities Jazan University Kingdom of Saudi Arabia Abstract Translation is activity – a cultural activity at that-intended to widen the area of human understanding and communication with reference to general and specific information. The basic requirement relevant to good translation is that the translator must have a thorough knowledge of the cultures of both the source language and the target language. The translator needs not sit biting nails and rush to the dictionary every ten minutes. When it has been accepted that translation is not only important but also necessary to our Arab World, there is no point in pondering over the problems of translations. Cultural proximity is a big advantage for translators, it is rewarding for them to look for this when they choose their work. Arabization is part and parcel of the whole journey of the Arab societies to its roots. The starting-off point for any translator is their preferred future; in order to arrive at the destination then it is clearly important to know what the destination is. But it is perhaps better to think 1 Express, an International Journal of Multi Disciplinary Research ...
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...Arabic VS. English Within a broad spectrum of languages that revolve around different nationalities and religions, we find ourselves gifted with the art of understanding and incorporating any given language that we’ve gotten the chance to learn. We use such language in order to communicate and relate to one another on any given subject, whether the language is the same or not. With both participants understanding the two separate languages, we can further understand what our partners are saying even when they use a second language to fit their statements into proper context. With languages easier to translate, some smoother than others, I come to explain some of the differences and similarities between the language of Arabic, and the language of English. When we come to compare the language similarities between English and the intricate language of Arabic, what’s brought to our attention in an apparent fashion, is the fact that there simply isn’t many similarities between them. Although, what does come to mind when we think of extremely basic similarities, is the grammatical placement of commas and common tools used to change tone and speed in the English language. Other than that, many things within the Arabic language come in opposites, or in a scrambled order. For example; when we type, or write, we fill out our text from right to left. If you were to download an Arabic keyboard application on your mobile phone, you’ll realize that there’s an incredible difference in...
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...Chapter 8 1. How has Islam shaped conceptions of music for the peoples of the Middle East? In the Middle East, Islam is not just a religion; it is a way of life. Islam’s influence spread in the Middle East music conceptions. For example, the Arabic scale is strongly melodic, based around various maqamat or modes. Also, Mann explains that “under the wide rule of Islam, vulgar lyrics and suggestive dancing by women became illegal. Much post-Islamic music is used in ceremonial dance and recreation. (Mann)” In the Middle East, people may hear their songs of praise and prayer. The “World Music: A global Journey, says that “in addition to being suspicious of the sensual aspects of music Islamic aesthetics frowns on realistic representation in art, especially of the human form, to avoid the temptation toward idol worship. But as with sound, it may not always be obvious to outsiders what is considered art and what is not. (Miller 255)” Because, the influence of Islam has had great impact on people related with music, and people used to meditation, trance, and self-flagellation with one’s a higher sense of God while listening music. 2. What is modal improvisation? Is it primarily a compositional or a freely expressive form of performance? According to Henry, modal improvisation is that “a typical modal tune may have only two or three chords, and each may last 8 or even 16 measures. In one sense, modal playing is much easier than playing changes, since it does not require your brain...
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...Sections Found Accounting Select CRN Subj Crse Sec Cmp Cred NR 21138 ACC 201 01 M 3.000 Title Fund of Financial Accounting Days Time TRU Instructor Date Location Attribute (MM/DD) 02/03-06/01 SBM 009 Design Managmnt Major_Elective and Design Managmnt Minor_Elective and Economics Major_BAE_Elective and Eng'g Managmnt_Minor_Elective and MTH Major_Elective Design Managmnt Major_Elective and Design Managmnt Minor_Elective and Economics Major_BAE_Elective and Eng'g Managmnt_Minor_Elective and MTH Major_Elective Design Managmnt Major_Elective and Design Managmnt Minor_Elective and Economics Major_BAE_Elective and Eng'g Managmnt_Minor_Elective and MTH Major_Elective Design Managmnt Major_Elective and Design Managmnt Minor_Elective and Economics Major_BAE_Elective and Eng'g Managmnt_Minor_Elective and MTH Major_Elective Design Managmnt Major_Elective and Design Managmnt Minor_Elective and Economics Major_BAE_Elective and Eng'g Managmnt_Minor_Elective and MTH Major_Elective Design Managmnt Major_Elective and Design Managmnt Minor_Elective and Economics Major_BAE_Elective and Eng'g Managmnt_Minor_Elective and MTH Major_Elective Design Managmnt Major_Elective and Design Managmnt Minor_Elective and Economics Major_BAE_Elective and Eng'g Managmnt_Minor_Elective and MTH Major_Elective 09:00 Marian I. Mason am-09:50 (P) am NR 21139 ACC 201 02 M 3.000 Fund of Financial Accounting TRU Ronald D. 12:00 pm-12:50 Williams (P) pm 02/03-06/01 SBM 012 ...
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...1. How has Islam shaped conceptions of music for the peoples of the Middle East? In the Middle East, Islam is not just a religion; it is a way of life. Islam’s influence spread in the Middle East music conceptions. For example, the Arabic scale is strongly melodic, based around various maqamat or modes. Also, Mann explains that “under the wide rule of Islam, vulgar lyrics and suggestive dancing by women became illegal. Much post-Islamic music is used in ceremonial dance and recreation. (Mann)” In the Middle East, people may hear their songs of praise and prayer. The “World Music: A global Journey, says that “in addition to being suspicious of the sensual aspects of music Islamic aesthetics frowns on realistic representation in art, especially of the human form, to avoid the temptation toward idol worship. But as with sound, it may not always be obvious to outsiders what is considered art and what is not. (Miller 255)” Because, the influence of Islam has had great impact on people related with music, and people used to meditation, trance, and self-flagellation with one’s a higher sense of God while listening music. 2. What is modal improvisation? Is it primarily a compositional or a freely expressive form of performance? According to Henry, modal improvisation is that “a typical modal tune may have only two or three chords, and each may last 8 or even 16 measures. In one sense, modal playing is much easier than playing changes, since it does not require your brain to do as...
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...Dear Sir or Madam, My awakening to the realization that communication is vital in all aspects of life came as a result of the inspiration from my parents that education is not just an approach to success, but a strong supplier to the development of societies. Through the various experiences of life that I have encountered in life, I have seen it fit to apply for admission to the Ph.D. Communication Program for the fall 2015. I was born and raised in Tabuk City in Saudi Arabia. Upon graduation from secondary school I enrolled to the Arabic language education, BS. Program in University of Tabuk. While pursuing my undergraduate studies I took the idea of pursuing my higher education from the United States into consideration. So, I enrolled to a Communication Art program at New York Institute of Technology (NYIT.) and currently I am about to finish my studies by May 2015.this program will enable me to place a primary emphasis on the areas of public communication as there is a definite problem with our leaders. The leaders in Saudi Arabia often end up in problems due to their communication skills and the studying of this course will ensure that I help solve the problem. Additionally, the study will enable me to relate the field of journalism with mass communication. As an individual, I have always had the notion that a master degree from a prestigious educational institution located in a nation that leads the world’s economy will provide me with praiseworthy knowledge and skills...
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...Diglossia In Arabic. The Arab world has 22 countries and all of those countries use Arabic as a source of their first language. However, Arabic language can be used in both Colloquial Arabic and Classical Arabic. This means that every country in the Arab world would have their own way of talking and communicating informally, which is why the Aaamiya or Colloqiol language exists. Diglossia can be defined as a language that has two versions; the high, prestigious and formal version (Classical) and the low, informal, easy to use daily version (Aamiyya, Colloquial). The Classical Arabic language is known to be a language that is with high prestige and cannot be taught to non-speaking Arabs as easily as one might think. It is to the degree that Arab speakers themselves find the Classical Arabic difficult to use in which this why they prefer to use they’re Colloquial version instead. Islam’s Holy book, The Quran, is written in the Classical Arabic and linguists strongly believe that The Quran’s language is like no other. It is definitely unique and different from the other holy books of other religions in terms of the way of writing. Another good example of a country that faces diglossia as well is China. China has been using the Classical Chinese for over 2000 years. But now, Modern Chinese is the informal way of talking, however, like Arabic, they would tend to use Classical Chinese to write or when formal occasions occur. The everlasting question that is ongoing is whether...
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...condition of application. Keywords: Alabaster, Wadi Sannur, Wadi Assiuty, Ageing, Consolidant 1. Introduction Alabaster name may derive further from the Ancient Egyptian word alabaste, which refers to vessels of the Egyptian goddess Bast, who was represented as a lioness and frequently depicted as such when placed atop these alabaster vessels. It has been suggested that the name was derived from the town of Alabaster on in Egypt, while an arabic etymological origin has also been suggested by Harrell, 1990 [1]. Travertine also is commonly referred to as alabaster in the Egyptological literature, with this term being derived from alabastrites, the ancient Roman name for the stone [2]. The technically correct name for the Egyptian stone is "travertine" and its dense, non-porous character classifies it as the sub-variety "calcareous sinter". It is very different from the spongy-looking, highly porous "calcareous tufa" from near Tivoli, Italy, which is more closely associated with the name "travertine" in the minds of many archaeologists and art historians. Egyptian travertine is also referred to by some scholars as Egyptian or Oriental (as opposed to true) alabaster, "calcitealabaster" or simply "calcite" [3]. In ancient Egypt alabaster is one of the stone most employed in subsidiary building 16 materials, also one of the main status symbols as presents of the pharaohs to the gods or to other king, It was popular in ancient Egypt for funerary vessels to contain the viscera of mummies...
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...Study Guide to Accompany Meggs’ History of Graphic Design Fourth Edition Prepared by Susan Merritt Professor and Head of Graphic Design School of Art, Design, and Art History San Diego State University (SDSU) With assistance from Chris McCampbell and Jenny Yoshida John Wiley & Sons, Inc. i DISCLAIMER The information in this book has been derived and extracted from a multitude of sources including building codes, fire codes, industry codes and standards, manufacturer’s literature, engineering reference works, and personal professional experience. It is presented in good faith. Although the authors and the publisher have made every reasonable effort to make the information presented accurate and authoritative, they do not warrant, and assume no liability for, its accuracy or completeness or fitness for any specific purpose. The information is intended primarily as a learning and teaching aid, and not as a final source of information for the design of building systems by design professionals. It is the responsibility of users to apply their professional knowledge in the application of the information presented in this book, and to consult original sources for current and detailed information as needed, for actual design situations. This book is printed on acid-free paper. Copyright © 2006 by John Wiley and Sons. All rights reserved Published by John Wiley & Sons, Inc., Hoboken, New Jersey Published simultaneously in Canada No part of this publication may be reproduced...
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...negative stereotypes and assumptions that are perpetuated in the media. Takin’ It To The Streets is a place where Muslims can assert their collective identity in a space that celebrates their traditions, cultures and heritage. Festivals act as a space where music is used to overcome boundaries. The very act of gathering for a festival is crucial in fostering a sense of belonging, an essential human desire. Music acts as a common thread that isolates an audience in a place in time and space, as one event that engages people with different social and political ideologies together. Festivals such as this one also allow for intergenerational connections, between speakers, musicians and younger people who are inspired to pursue careers in the arts or activism. Takin’ It To The Streets has attendees from down the street to as far as Morocco, so it truly does make an impact on both national and international levels. Festivals create specific performance opportunities, creating a unique experience for those who attend. The relatively free flowing nature of festivals allows for the possibility of an ‘I was there’ moment - an experience that won’t happen again and was only seen by...
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...My reaction to this article on the Syrian conflict and how the Asad regime will survive until 2013 is a mixed one. On one hand I believe that the regime will eventually be kicked out of power. On the other I believe that the regime could stay in power. The reason behind my thought on how the regime could stay in power is that Asad has a military stronger than the rebels within the country. But connecting to what's happening in Syria now the regime could be thrown out of power if the United Nations gets involved, the U.N would only get involved if the Syrian government uses chemical weapons. A reason I believe the regime could stay in power is the fact that the opposition to the government has a very weak leadership causing any real progress in a coup d' etat to be difficult. From my understanding the author of this article believes that the Asad regime will survive. The author makes very good points like the opposition being weak, Asad having a strong military, and the fact that the chances of the international community intervening are very low, I still don't believe that the regme will last. I also learned that changes in government in the Middle East have been happening since the end of WW2. Another thing that I have learned is that many of the conflicts in the Middle East have been fought over religious disputes. The author also states that because of poor economy the regime will be overthrown,but it should last until 2013. A final thing that I have learned is that most...
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...WRI 101.37 Academic Writing Assignment: Summary Title: In Jordan, the Hip Speak ‘Arabizi’ Submitted to: Neslihan Bilikozen Submitted by: Hakam Abdulqader, 49431 Date of Submission: May 6, 2013 Spring, 2013 American University of Sharjah In Jordan the Hip Speak ‘Arabizi’ Summary In the article, “In Jordan,. The Hip Speak ‘Arabizi,’” by Ibon Villelabeitia, Villelabeitia (2012) discusses how Arabic and English language is being mixed into one language called Arabizi, which became a social symbol to define the upper class in Jordan that causes the Arabic language to slowly fade away. This article interprets the reasoning behind why the young generation is using this language that helps them to express their opinions easier about unmannered topics spoken in the public by using English rather than Arabic, as it can be imposed differently in Arabic. However, linguists think that English language is destroying Arabic language from the American pop culture. The author points out in his article that Arabizi is being widely used by well-educated Jordanians class, which is drawing away the native language and exposing a social and economic gap in the country.. Finally, the author then concludes his piece by giving a brief about a documentary called “Arabizi” directed by Dalia Alkury and providing a quote from the director that brief states that even though the director speaks Arabizi, she is still close to her culture. Word Count:...
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...Abstract This investigatory project was conducted to prove if nipa palm fruit husk, distilled water, Ferrous Sulfate and gum Arabic can produce an ink that can be substituted to commercial ink. In conducting the experiment, the researchers gathered nipa fruits, these were cut into small portions and weighed into 200 grams. The reduced fruits were soaked in a mixture of 100ml distilled water and 1 gram Ferrous Sulfate (FeSO4) as solvent, vinegar, and salt. Theset-up was boiled for one hour. After boiling the mixture was filtered to separate the black filtrate from undissolved particles. On a laser bond paper the ink produced was tested after being refilled to a pen and was compared to other synthetic commercial ink available in the market. The conductivity and transmittance time , drying time and luminance and adhesion were tested and compared. Results of the test showed that the experimental ink with a proportion of 200 grams nipa palm fruit husk, 100 ml distilled water, 1 gram ferrous sulfate and ½ tablespoon of salt and ½ tablespoon of vinegar produced an output with the highest conductivity and transmittance time, drying time and luminance and adhesion. With the cost of production much lower than that of a commercial ink and having no significant difference in the mean property to the commercial ink the Nipa Palm Fruit Husk Ink proved to be more economical to produce. ...
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...Name: Adnanul Haque Date: 10/20/13 Film Response This film talks about the struggles of a Palestinian-American woman (Soraya) in Middle East, primarily in Palestine and Israel. After her grandfather died, she came to collect the savings which he left behind. She came to Ramallah, Palestine; she was questioned in a very discrete and unusual manner, probably because of her name or her Arabic descent, but certainly because they thought that she was a Muslim. The way they asked all those questions, it seemed like they wanted to know if she was a Muslim. They still searched her inch by inch just on the hunch that she is a Muslim. This happened not just there, but also when she was trying to get to Jaffa—Israel—where her grandfather owned a house. But being born and raised in Brooklyn, New York, she stood bold and aggressive upon the encounter of questions and checking based on racism of religion (Islam), ethnicity (Arab) and nationality (Palestine). Secondly, the movie was trying to portray the hardships lived by the locals in Palestine, mainly Emad. He is an honest, hard-working young man who’s trying to build a better future for him. He got a scholarship for a college in Canada, but can’t get a visa. The continuous humiliation and being the victim of discrimination forced to feel that he’s living in a cage in his own country. They...
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...Portfolio Student Name: Ida N Johnson Course Code and Description: GS210 W14 6WKB / Midstart Section 2 Term: 2014-03-03 Winter 6 Week B/ Midstart [pic] How has this course benefited me in my career? The class benefited me in my career because it will help me predict the behavior of the masses. People behave a certain way and how the behavior is determined by science. Also by studying sociology, it provided me with the educational background needed for managers to understand their employees and customers. [pic] What specific skills have I learned in this class? The specific skills that I have learned in this class is communication, interpersonal, leadership, analytical, statistics and research design, computer literacy, cross cultural understanding and business sense. [pic] Instructor Comments regarding my performance: Excellent job Ida! Terrific topic, Ida! Well done Ida! Good start to your paper, but no reference are listed. Be sure all information used from sources is paraphrased and given citation in text and on a reference page. Nicely done Ida! Well done Ida! [pic] Course Paper/Project: Ida Nesbeth Johnson GS210 Sociology Course Project 6 April 9, 2014 11:55 pm Miller-Motte College Online Chapter 2 Culture Moroccan Culture The Moroccan culture is much different from the American culture. There are things that Americans do that would disrespect the culture of Moroccans. Moroccans are extremely hospitable...
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