...influence of two economic environments on business activities within a selected. In this assessment I will be writing about the economic environment and how it affects the business. In this assignment I will be writing about the company National Health Service (NHS). National Health Service is a public sector company run by the government. But nevertheless all companies are affected by the economic environment. But in this assignment I will be highlight the two main factors that ‘Recession and Boom’. National Health Service is a company that is run by the government. It is a company that provides health service for the people living within the UK. National Health Service currently provides the service for the 50 million people that are living in Great Britain. The target and objective of the company is to help the ill patients and cure them. The demand is increasing for the service. This will lead to more job vacancies for the people. By providing the best possible service it will help improve the lives of the people and also increase the live expectancy. During the time of recession National Health Service was also affected amongst the other businesses that are run by the government also publicly. During the Recession NHS was largely affected as it was hit by £15 billion shortfall. This meant that poor service was provided and also the waiting lists would increase. Furthermore the term Recession means when there is a period of general period is decline, For example there is a...
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...P4 Describe, with examples, the impact of government Policies on different public services. British army The government will take cuts from the amount of power the British army has, this means that the army would have limited amount they can do to win wars and help other countries with their problems. The British Army presence in Germany will end by 2020 this means that The Basing Plan sets out the location changes for the Army and also confirms the drawdown of all units from Germany by 2020. The plan has transitioned into a delivery Programme and this will affect most areas of the Army as more than 100 units will relocate over the next six years. Overall personnel numbers will drop by 7,000 to 95,500 this means people from the army will lose their jobs in the army. The army will have too also cut back on heavy artillery like tanks, the number of Challenger 2 tanks cut by 40% and AS-90 heavy artillery by 35%, this could lead to losing on missions and not able to help other countries. Royal Air Force. With the cut backs on power given to the royal air force this mean they will have to get rid of most of weapons used by the British air force, for example The Harrier will be retired in order to maintain the Tornado as the RAF's main strike aircraft until the Typhoon matures. They will do this to make room for new and improved weapons and planes to use in the future. The latter and the F-35 Lightning II will constitute the RAF's fast jet fleet in the future. Jobs will...
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...NHS Public Limited Company The NHS is an organisation which operates in the Private Sector, and is owned by the government. The NHS is one of the world’s largest publicly funded health care providers. The NHS stands for the National Health Service which provides healthcare for all UK citizens based on their needs rather than their ability to pay for it. It is funded by taxes. As the NHS is funded by taxes and the government, if a hospital were to overspend, it would not close. Instead, funding would be cut back for a suitable period of time. The NHS provide many different services for all UK citizens, such as emergency and urgent care, general practitioners (GP’s) or dental services. Urgent and emergency care * Call NHS 111 if you urgently need medical help or advice but it’s not a life-threatening situation. * Call 999 if someone is seriously ill or injured and their life at risk. * Visit A&E in a genuine life-threatening emergency. Pharmacy services * Pharmacists play a key role in providing quality healthcare. They are experts in medicines and will use their clinic expertise together with their practical knowledge to ensure the safe supply and use of medicines by the public. * A pharmacist has to be registered with the General Pharmaceutical Council (GPhC) and have worked for at least a year under the supervision of an experienced and qualified pharmacist, either in a hospital or community pharmacy such as a supermarket. * 20% of pharmacists...
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...Opportunity cost is the cost of the next best alternative which is foregone when a choice is made. In this case a choice has been made to spend less on areas covered by DEFRA, presumably so that other departments do not have to suffer budget cuts because the Government has less money to spend on public services as a whole. For example, DEFRA has been run on £500M less between 2010 and the present and must save a further £300M. This would mean that the NHS budget, for instance, would not have to be cut. Although DEFRA provides a service and not a product, these changes can still be shown on a PPF diagram such as the one below. Production possibility frontiers show the maximum quantities of different combinations of output of two products, given current resources and the state of technology: DEFRA DEFRA A B A B Spending has reduced from point A to point B on the PPF, whilst spending on the NHS, for example, has not altered. Consequently, the maximum output of DEFRA has reduced, whereas that of the NHS has not. Spending has reduced from point A to point B on the PPF, whilst spending on the NHS, for example, has not altered. Consequently, the maximum output of DEFRA has reduced, whereas that of the NHS has not. NHS NHS If the budget is reduced, fewer workers can be employed permanently. This means that the work that is yet to be done on other projects has to be subcontracted to private sector workers. The transfer of resources can be shown on a PPF thus:...
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...Kingdom’s health service, inception of the National Health Service, challenges the NHS faces regarding financial sustainability, providing effective and efficient care, and the move towards more privatization . Comparisons are made between the National Health Service and heathcare in the United States across multiple sectors that include acute care settings, skilled nursing facilities, primary care providers and regualtions governing nursing practice and the challenges faced by both systems. Table of Contents Introduction 4 Background 4 Impression of the NHS 5 Mr. John Smith Director, Civil Eyes Research 7 Mr. Andrew Cheesbrough, CEO Orders of St. John Care Trust 8 Mr. Robert Creighton, Transition Director and Government Advisor on Public Health 9 Dr. Elizabeth Fellows-Smith. Senior Policy Advisor, Mental Health 10 Dr. Rodney Taylor, Former Medial Director NHS Hospital 12 Professor Simon de Lusignan, Primary Care 12 Mr. Bernell Bussue, Director of London Region,Royal College of Nursing 12 Mr. Paul Holdom, CEO The London Clinic 14 Professor Duncan Empy, Group Medical Director of BMI Healthcare 14 Shirley Kramer, Chief Executive Institute of Healthcare Management 16 Strengths and Weaknesses 16 Summary 17 References 19 Introduction Since its inception in 1948, the United Kingdom’s National Health Service (NHS) formed an ideology that gave birth to the NHS’s service delivery and is simplistic...
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...11/01/16 Political Factors: Enhancing skills of the working population This political factor is used to increase the skills of the working population and also for young adults whom are preparing and adapting for the world of work. The government create the education plan. This includes vocational qualifications, a levels, apprenticeships, NVQ’s and training courses. ASDA and the NHS The government’s choices on education and training has a very big impact on the ways that ASDA and the NHS operate and the level of skills in their businesses. This is to ensure that employees are being trained for new employment in areas that will help the economy. This political factor dictates the type of qualifications that are studied and which qualifications money is invested in. It also supports different types of training such as literacy and numeracy skills that can help train employees that are already working within ASDA and NHS. An important training course that the government regularly provide for free is first aid and health and safety. This impacts ASDA and NHS as this is a key skill for many employees to be educated on when working in modern careers and roles. This will impact on both government and employees within ASDA’s and NHS’s stakeholders. The government will need to fund for any new and updated training within the employees of these two organisations. This means a leakage in the economy. However, the impact of education and training creates new employment in areas that will help...
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...controlled by the government. Private sector = the part of the national economy that is not under direct government control. The two business I have chosen are NHS and Nike The NHS (National Health Service) is located in the public sector as it is financed and controlled by the government. The NHS is solely located in the United Kingdom, and provides free health care for the citizens of the United Kingdom. The NHS was found out of a long-held ideal good healthcare should be available to everyone no matter the wealth. The National Health Service started on July 5 1948 by Aneurin Bevan. As the NHS is controlled by the elected government there are no shareholder or stakeholders, it also is a PLC. The second Business Nike is Private Limited Company (LTD) this means that Nike is owned privately and financed by its customers, without any customers the business Nike will shut down. Nike is a company which sell its goods to create profit. Its products are sold to the general public. Nike was founded in 25 Jan 1964 by Phil Knight and Bill Bowerman. The company aims to sell to its customer’s clothes, shoes and many different more materials. The main stakeholder of the NHS (National Health Service) is the government because they are the main way of their funding, and is one of the remaining national bodies. The government finances the NHS through tax. For the years of 2015/2016 the NHS has been provided with a budget of £115.4 billion. Another stakeholder which NHS relies on is Philips...
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...business there aim is to provide and be of a benefit to the public. The government department of customs and revenue collect tax from the people who work. The money from the tax is spread between all different departments set up by the government (i.e. NHS, police etc.) within this is the fire service. Advantages too this would be that itâs a non-profit facility, that itâs already paid for and financed by the government and more efficient. Disadvantages would be that the fire services budgets can be cut and they could have too lose staff, a clash between the economy and the sufficiency of a service and watchful management because of the fear of public blame. Overall I believe that they are using the right style of ownership over this business, this is because the fire service is a non-profit making department, being a public service gives anybody the right to use it, weather there paying their tax or not! Using money from the tax shows that all working people support this service. The ownership of this public sector business is of less risk then private companyâs whose aim to create as much money into the business. The reason is because in a public sector business there aim is to provide and be of a benefit to the public. The government department of customs and revenue collect tax from the people who work. The money from the tax is spread between all different departments set up by the government (i.e. NHS, police etc.) within this is the fire service. Advantages too this would...
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...1. Why is it more difficult to agree on a post-Kyoto Climate Agreement than on the Montreal Protocol (ozone layer)? 2. As crippling repayments on private finance initiative (PFI) contracts force NHS hospitals to make cuts, a new report reveals that the firms profiting from the deals are using tax havens to avoid paying millions of pounds in tax. 3. A report by the European Services Strategy Unit, and covered in the Sunday Times, reveals that as many as 70 NHS PFI projects are based off-shore. 4. Expensive PFI contracts have become a huge burden on dozens of NHS trusts. Last week the government announced that ‘hit squads’ of senior government auditors are to be dispatched to seven NHS trusts who are struggling to pay PFI bills. Earlier this year, South London Healthcare Trust, which manages three South London hospitals, was the first trust forced into administration after its £61m annual PFI bills saw the trust’s budget deficit spiral unsustainably. 5. These budgetry black holes are having a real impact on patient care. In a paper for the British Medical Journal, academic Alyson Pollack claims that hospitals blighted by expensive PFI contracts are compromising on care, reducing staff numbers and cutting frontline services. 6. The findings of the European Services Strategy Unit report make particularly unsavoury reading given this backdrop of threatened patient care. 7. The Queen Elizabeth hospital in Woolwich, one of those run by the distressed South London Healthcare...
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...When it comes to healthcare, it affects people’s lives more than anything else. Great Britain’s healthcare system is tricky. The question I struggle with is do I want government intrusion on all aspect of our lives, including healthcare. I believe everyone has the right to healthcare in this country. It comes with a price. Great Britain represents all that is good and bad with a centralized single-payer health care system. Health care spending is fairly low. Long waitlists for treatments are horrendous, and rationing pervades the system. Patients have the choice of providers with little access to specialists. Under Great Britain’s healthcare everyone is covered. Great Britain has a single-payer system funded by general revenues. With this centralized system, avoiding deficits is difficult. Great Britain’s deficit in 2006 was 700 million pounds despite healthcare spending increases over 43 billion pounds in 5 years. They pay through government taxation that is protected under the National Health Services (NHS). The people who are a part of the NHS bear the benefits while the people who opt out of the NHS will receive the burdens. You can’t defect from enrolling or you’re not covered. That being said, only 11.5% of the people opt out of the NHS. Private health insurance replicates the coverage provided by the NHS, but gives patients access to higher quality care and reduced waiting times. The general mission of Great Britain is to live and maintain a healthy lifestyle. Great...
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...Rifle Association) or in the UK Fathers4Justice 3. Education. Provide education on issues that the government decides to not directly address. Eg. Branches of US or UK Greenpeace 4. Agenda setting. Influence policy discussed by legislatures or the executive. Eg. UK: 38 Degrees rejection of 2012 NHS Bill. US providing voting cues for party members eg. Democracts may adhere to voting cues from ACLU (American Civil Liberties Union) 5. Scrutiny. Scrutiny of government action and Supreme Court decisions (mainly in the US). Eg. US: ACLU & NRA court cases to monitor the affects of the Bipartisan Campaign Finance Reform Act 2002. UK: UK Uncut protests in Oct 2011 against the NHS Bill. Pressure group methods 1. Influence politicians. Eg. US: lobbying members of Congress, providing voting cues. UK: BMA and Royal College of Physicians urge PM to scrap NHS Bill. 2. Endorsement. Eg. US Mitt Romney attended NRA 2011 National convention. National Right to Life endorsed McCain in 2008. Also through donations to PACs. UK: 2010 Unite donated £1m to Labour party to support campaign. 3. Publicity and campaigns. Eg US: NRA 2012 “Get out the vote” campaign. UK: May 2011 Police Federation anti police cuts ad campaign showing dangers of cuts to child protection services – condemned by the Home Office. 4. Organised action. eg. UK: Uncut protests Oct 2011 against the NHS Bill. US: Occupy Wall Street since Sept 2011. What determines success or failure? 1....
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...Explain how the ideas of the Liberal Democrats influenced Coalition Government Policy During their time in the Coalition Government, the Liberal Democrats have influenced the Coalition Government Policy in many ways. For example, Nick Clegg’s party has influenced the presence of gay marriage to be legal, prevented Michael Gove from introducing a two-tier exam to replace GCSEs, resisted Conservatives’ proposals to completely reform the NHS, cutting out the lowest paid earners of tax, and scrapping the Conservatives’ idea of a ‘Snooper Charter’. Firstly, the Liberal Democrats supported the Conservatives’ idea that those with the lowest personal incomes are to be cut out of income tax, which totals to over 880,000 individuals. This would allow low-earners to be able to live off more, increasing their personal allowance to £10,600, which was a joint effort from both parties, not just the Liberal Democrats. However, the Liberal Democrats have delivered a new 7% stamp duty on homes sold exceeding £2 million, also known as “Mansion tax”. In terms of the healthcare, Nick Clegg’s party has been resistant and successful in delaying the Conservatives proposals to completely restructure the NHS, which would have ended up being privatized, leading to people having to pay to be treated. Home Secretary Theresa May proposed that security services should be given the power to have access to everyone’s phone and email records, social media and internet activity, which would damage civil...
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...disorder; want, idleness, squalor, disease and ignorance. The main focus of the solution was flat-rate contributions as well as flat-rate cash benefits, (Titmuss 1950; Hennessy 1992; Powell 1998). Drawing from these two points of view the foundation of the classic welfare state I will take the latter (Five Giants) as most credible, as most of the major features of the welfare state were initiated by the Labour and Conservative governments (Labour’s landslide victory of the conservations after World War two) from this point, such as the planned, approved and implemented universal non-selective NHS 1948. As we now have a beginning context we must explore when the erosion of the classic welfare state began. Commentators have used very selective wording when dealing with the transition from classic to modern welfare state (Powell 1998; Timmins1996). The word ‘retrenched’ is cautiously used and many have seen the de/evolution of the welfare state as a result of crisis, particularly where finance is concerned. The Harold Wilson Labour government (1974-9)...
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...document outlined the key areas it felt represented the need for reform. Each stage of the emergency care system went under review, from access to GP services and ambulance response times, to the experience of the patient upon arrival in hospital through to the provision of treatment and care packages allowing them to be discharged home again. The reports objectives were to cut ambulance response times to life-threatening emergencies, end widespread bed-blocking in the NHS, improve access to GP and other primary care professionals, minimise cancellations of on-day surgery and cut accident and emergency (A&E) waiting times to under 4 hours. This would, in the reports opinion, “bring the response to everyday events up to this first class standard” (DoH, 2001b, p. 1). A number of challenges faced this reform and were highlighted by the report. Workforce issues, for example staff capacity in A&E departments, were overstretched due to the significant increase in the demand for emergency services. To combat this, the increase in funding for the recruitment of A&E Nurses and consultants outlined in ‘The NHS Plan, A plan for investment, a plan for reform’, (DoH, 2000, p. 77), meant that at busier periods, senior presence would still be available and the demand met without causing delays to patients. The resources used by emergency care services are often fully stretched. The report highlighted how capacity in hospitals is not sufficient and this, along with delays in discharging...
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...Virgin from the private sector and the NHS from the public sector. Growth strategies The Ansoff Growth matrix is another marketing planning tool that helps a business determine its product and market growth strategy. Virgin have used growth strategies such as ansoffs matrix as they have concentrated hugely on market penetration because they are very competitive with prices, sales promotions and advertise to existing customers to keep them on board with their company rather then losing them to the competition. Especially as Virgin is one of the two dominating airlines this is a great bonus for them as this can be seen as aggressive promotion. NHS have very little competition only from the private sector which you have to pay for because they are a national company and run by the government advertisement Is not needed for it. They can increase patients/clients by opening smaller health centres in areas for the local community. They also can give incentives to people so they use the NHS more often. Virgin have used market development as well because they try to sell existing products/services into new markets, such as European countries and selected international countries which brings a whole load of new customers to the company. Virgin has created segmentation by creating more variety of existing products to new customers such as there cosmetics as they have numerous amounts of creams, some for age related and some for dry skin etc. NHS do not do this as they are restricted...
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