...legalizing it and therefore taking away the drug cartels number one source of income. The U.S. Office of National Drug Control Policy ... says that more than 60 percent of the profits reaped by Mexican drug lords are derived from the exportation and sale of cannabis to the American market (Armentano2). It is ridiculous to think that the United States can put out a statistic like this and ignore the fact that if they legalized the drug there would be less violence because there would be no point for Mexican drug cartels to try and smuggle the drug into the U.S. In the article “Blame Prohibition, Not Pot Smokers for Violence in Mexico”, published by AlterNet.org, Tony Newman tells us how the people who run the “Just Say No” campaign against drugs have a new scheme in which they plan to blame people who smoke pot for the violence in Mexico. They are hoping to stop younger people from smoking marijuana if they associate it with the murder of people by the drug cartels in Mexico. There are a few problems with these campaigns: They are inaccurate in some cases, and downright dishonest in others.Office of National Drug Control Policy It is disingenuous to connect the average American's marijuana consumption to the horrific violence of Mexico's drug war. The average pot smoker's growing and purchasing of marijuana has no relationship to the violence along the border that is the result of large-scale drug trafficking. It isn’t hard to understand that the legalization of marijuana...
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...Position Paper Khadijah Shabazz CNSL 5203 Dr. Sampson Prairie View A&M University 9/20/2015 The legalization of drugs is one of the most controversial and debated topics of the 21st century. There are both negative and positive reasons to legalize them as well as negative and positive reasons to keep them prohibited. According to LEAP, Law Enforcement Against Prohibition, drug prohibition is the true cause of much of the social and personal damage that has historically been attributed to drug use. It is prohibition that makes these drugs so valuable – while giving criminals a monopoly over their supply ("Why Legalize Drugs? | LEAP").LEAP goes on to say that criminal gangs are driven by the huge profits from this monopoly, criminal gangs bribe and kill each other, law enforcers, and children and as such their trade is unregulated and they are, therefore, beyond our control ("Why Legalize Drugs? | LEAP"). It is LEAP’s belief that by eliminating prohibition of all drugs for adults and establishing appropriate regulation and standards for distribution and use, law enforcement could focus more on crimes of violence, such as rape, aggravated assault, child abuse and murder, making our communities much safer ("Why Legalize Drugs? | LEAP"). Another positive aspect of the legalization of drugs is financial gains. According to the International Business Times in a study for the Cato Institute, Jeffrey A. Miron, senior lecturer on economics at Harvard University and a senior...
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... But there have always been varying ulterior motives. According to Baylor University Professor of Sociology, Dr. Diana Kendall, the Marijuana Tax Act of 1937 was passed solely to criminalize marijuana by taxing it; this would dissuade migrant Mexican workers who smoked marijuana to seek employment elsewhere and not take jobs from U.S. citizens as the country struggled during the Great Depression (Kendall, 2010). Last year, voters in Colorado and Washington State approved legislation that supported the commercial growth, sale, possession and use of recreational marijuana. In response, United States Department of Justice, Deputy Attorney General James Cole, promulgated policy that established the posture for enforcing marijuana laws against people or organizations to that: Distribution of marijuana to minors; revenue from the sale of marijuana from going to criminal enterprises, gangs and cartels; the diversion of marijuana from states where it is legal under state law in some...
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...Global Politics: The feasibility of universal drug liberalization as an emerging phenomenon RWaterhouse Globalization & The War on Drugs: Assessing alternatives to criminalization The purpose of this paper is to address universal drug liberalization as a feasible alternative to the current drug control regime specifically in North America and potentially applicable elsewhere. With an in depth analysis of the historical regulation, implementation of law, and resulting consequences we will be able to see how nations are effected by complex drug politics and why there has been a global paradigm shift in looking spiritedly at the ideal of decriminalization. I argue in favor of liberalization by bringing to attention the violence associated with the commodification of illegal drugs, what the re-directed costs of control could mean for domestic investment into proactive drug awareness education, and finally recognizing Portugal’s success and weaknesses in the adoption of a compete legalization agenda. Following will be a discussion of concluding thoughts centered on the efficacy and feasibility of universal liberalization in today’s globalized world. Historical Context Libertarianism has almost always had position in political discourse but has been majorly popularized through public attention within the era of globalization. (article) Control of drug consumption has always been a contemporary ingredient in the political reform of Canada and the America’s and...
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...The so-called “War on Drugs,” as declared by the Nixon administration in the signing of the Comprehensive Drug Abuse Prevention and Control Act of 1970, marked the beginning of the current era of mandatory minimum sentencing, racism, privatized prisons, and a powerful constituency that profits as a result of the prohibition of drugs. Psychoactive substances have been apart of the human experience as long as humans have walked the earth. There is little hope that drug production will ever be curtailed, so long as there is a demand; a demand that has remained steady even though it has been forty years since the beginning of said war. As Judge James P. Gray from the Superior Court of Orange County has so plainly put it: “Where did this policy come from? Unfortunately I have conducted an inquiry into this and I have determined that drug prohibition laws came for reasons of racism, empire building, and ignorance.”(Booth) The War on Drugs is politically motivated as a means of profiting. One may ask them self how government can financially benefit from such policies. In fact, they benefit in a myriad of ways. The government spends an exorbitant amount of money in an attempt to combat drug production and drug usage. The U.S. government has spent over a trillion—that’s right a trillion—dollars in its attempt to eradicate the drug problem. With so much time, effort and money there should be something to show, right? Wrong. Today drugs are more prevalent, more potent and cheaper than...
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...Dawkins is widely known for his beliefs that religion is a dangerous virus of the mind. Readers, who are unfamiliar with the essay „Virus of the Mind‟, like myself, feel that the notion being put forward appears sarcastic and somewhat harsh. Initially when I read the essay I had already decided in my mind that I would not agree to Dawkins‟ beliefs as the idea that religion is a virus sounds bizarre. People have the tendency to think negatively when the word virus is brought up. Whilst I agree with Dawkins‟ statement that religion is a „Virus of the Mind‟ and it spreads the same way that viruses do, I believe he is also trying to spread atheism in the same way. Thus, Dawkins is being a hypocrite to his cause. Richard Dawkins starts of with the idea that „a human child is shaped by evolution to soak up the culture of her people‟ (Warburton, 2010, pp. 92). According to Dawkins, young children are highly gullible and will believe almost everything that is being told to them. He gives examples of how children worldwide are taught to believe in Santa Claus and the Tooth Fairy, which are non-existent. As and when the child grows up they realise these characters are actually not true. Children are more likely to survive if they learn and believe what is taught to them by their parents, but a potential problem that arises is that children are very willing to believe something that is not true. Therefore, just as a patient is susceptible to a virus infection, a child can ...
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...they have saved many lives as everyone already knows. They prevent many types of diseases and stop the spread of others. Just image having to send your children to school that’s filled with other children carrying diseases and viruses. Viruses such as small pox, measles, and mumps that could invade your child’s body which in most circumstances will then be brought home and spread to other family members. Therefore, every child in America needs to be vaccinated before beginning school because vaccines can prevent disease, save lives, and alleviate sick days at school. Firstly, many of these contagious diseases in children are preventable. Many of the viruses that cause diseases such as measles, mumps, or small pox are very dangerous. Sometimes the symptoms are very mild or not even noticed. While other times the symptoms can be severe, possibly even leaving a residual effect. For example, as everyone knows, if an adult male contracts mumps, this may cause sterility. Another example is polio, although preventable, once this disease is contracted it can lead to permanent muscle weakness. Once someone contracts one of these types of disease, it can possibly be fatal. Fortunately, these types of diseases are now avoidable thanks to vaccines. All of these viruses and more now have an enemy, it’s called a vaccine. From the “Feed a cold, starve a fever” type of medicinal cure all, to the current prescription researched vaccines, today’s inoculations are the brick wall that diseases run...
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...entity into its own form and function, and does so in order to persist and reproduce itself. In this paper I will discuss the nine properties and how things like a virus, prion, and viroid can reproduce, but are not considered to be alive. Also how things like these that are not considered to be alive can “evolve”? Viruses reproduce via bacterial gene transfer. Prions are proteins so they replicate with the rest of the genome. Viroids are small RNA plant pathogens that do not code any protein products, therefore replicate by stealing what is needed from the host. However, it may be important to keep in mind that there is a great deal of discussion about whether viruses should be defined as live or not. They contain some of the structures and exhibit some of the activities that are common to the definition of organic life, but are missing others. Unlike viroids and prions, they contain both RNA and DNA. Scientifically they are classified in a place between supra molecular complexes and extremely simple biological entities. Viruses are composed of a single strand of genetic information encapsulated in protein. One of the most compelling arguments against viruses being live is that they lack most of the organelles necessary for biosythesis, thus reproduction. In order for a virus to reproduce it must find a suitable host. A virus is a bacteriophage, or intracellular parasite that multiplies inside a bacteria making use of the biosythetic organelles and structure that they lack...
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...Disease and Evolution The human body has been plagued with diseases since the beginning of time—pathogens like viruses and bacteria have made us privy to Mother Nature. As humans evolve, so do the diseases we are susceptible to. Some diseases that were once rare have become common, others have disappeared and newer, more daunting ones have emerged. Many of these changes have taken place in the wake of important transformations in human civilizations and ecology. It is therefore feasible to propose that diseases succeed and fail in response to humanity's advances. Natural selection is unable to provide us with perfect protection against all pathogens, because they tend to evolve much faster than humans do. E. coli, for example, with its rapid rates of reproduction, has as much opportunity for mutation and selection in one day as humanity gets in a millennium. And our defenses, whether natural or artificial, make for potent selection forces. Pathogens either quickly evolve a counter defense or become extinct. Diseases such as AIDS, Ebola, Polio have shown their wrath and humans have sought to find cures and treatment options. By definition, disease is essentially “a disorder of structure or function that produces specific signs or symptoms or that affect a specific location (not just from a physical injury)” (WHO, 2007). The true boundaries and limitations of disease remain elusive. Healthcare specialists and researchers use “normal” conditions as their basis in order to understand...
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...every year. Many diseases are bacteria, inhaled by the victim, infecting several areas of the body. The bacteria lives and grows while its victim dies. Other diseases are caused by viruses; a non-living infection that attacks the immune system and other living cells. Children are much more vulnerable to disease because of their weak immune systems. They’re weak because they haven’t lived life long enough to build immunities for such infections. So how would children protect themselves? Simple, vaccinations. However, in medicine, there are always risks. So, parents argue that vaccinations shouldn’t be mandatory for children. For many years, immunizations have continued to keep the spread of disease low. They have lowered the amount of deaths and saved lives. On the other hand, what if it was against families’ religion or they say their child is a “tough one” and they can handle the severe symptoms of disease? Those are the arguments made by people who believe that vaccines shouldn’t be mandatory for children. Are those arguments strong enough to counter all the children’s lives that have been saved by intelligent medicine? Unless America wants to unleash the beast of infectious killers, vaccinations for children should be mandatory to keep it from spreading and eventually killing. Bacteria and viruses can take hold of its victims a few different ways. It can infect through the respiratory system causing chest pain and coughing. One of the most fatal ways for children to be infected...
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...tools provided by the employer. “In a 2002 study by the Computer Security Institute, 78% of polled enterprises reported employee abuse of Internet access privileges by workers, including downloading pirated software or pornography, shopping on the Internet, and inappropriate use of email systems” (E-Monitoring in the Workplace 2006). This shows the magnitude of the problem that is facing many of today’s employers. The best way to prevent these problems is to provide a clearly stated online policy and to monitor computer mediated communication (CMC). CMC monitoring is the employer’s right and helps to ensure the protection of the company in addition to providing a valuable means to evaluating and improving employee behavior. A common argument against the use of CMC monitoring systems is that it is unethical and violates employees’ constitutional right to privacy. The fact of the matter is, however, that the employees, provided with computers, online access and email addresses by the employer, have no rights to personal use of the internet (Lugaresi 2010). If an employee is on his/her employer’s computer, internet connection, or email account, his/her behavior should be in a way that is productive and pertinent to the employer’s expectations. The employer is not violating the rights of the employee but simply ensuring that its property is being used appropriately. Employers have the legal right to...
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...The universal family church believes that parents should decide whether their children should be vaccinated and that “God intends the health decisions of individuals should be honored by all authorities” (Universal Family Church). Also, Amish communities do not view all vaccinations as a necessity and believe that vaccinations weaken the immune system (ProCon.org). The positives to mandating vaccines are the protection of the public health. If people vaccinate, they’re protected against any virus that you have that vaccine for. The protection of future generations is important because if you are vaccinated and are pregnant, you are bettering the chances of a child not developing this harmful diseases. Also, vaccines save children's lives from harmful diseases. There are viruses still traveling today, and by vaccinating children you are protecting the likelihood of being...
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...Animal Testing Introduction The application of animals to test a large number of products from household compounds and cosmetics to Pharmaceutical products has been considered to be a normal strategy for many years. Laboratory animals are generally used in three primary fields: biomedical research, product security evaluation and education. (Animal Experiments) It has been estimated that approximately, 20 million animals are being used for testing and are killed annually; about 15 million of them are used to test for medication and five million for other products. Reports have been generated to indicate that about 10 percent of these animals are not being administered with painkillers. The supporters of animal rights are pressurizing government agencies to inflict severe regulations on animal research. However, such emerging criticisms of painful experimentation on animals are coupled with an increasing concern over the cost it would have on the limitation of scientific progress. (Of Cures and Creatures Great and Small) Around the world, animals are utilized to test products ranging from shampoo to new cancer drugs. Each and every medication used by humans is first tested on the animals. Animals were also applied to develop anesthetics to ease human ailments and suffering during surgery. (Animal Experiments) Currently, questions have been raised about the ethics surround animal testing. As a result several regulations have been put in place to evaluate and control the...
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...Table of Contents 1.0 BACKGROUND 1 2.0 MARKET CONDITION 2 2.1 Global Market 2 2.2 Local Market 3 3.0 BRAND STATUS 3 4.0 TARGET AUDIENCE 4 5.0 MARKETING OBJECTIVES AND ROLE OF ADVERTISING 5 5.1 Brand Promise 5 5.2 Creative Idea and Assess Its Campaign Ability 6 6.0 CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION 7 6.1 Title 7 6.2 Body 8 6.3 Graphic 8 6.4 Artwork 8 6.5 Colour 8 6.6 Contact 9 7.0 BIBLIOGRAPHY 10 1.0 BACKGROUND Nippon Paint was founded by brothers Haruta and JujiroMoteki as Komyosha in 1881. In 1898, Nippon Paint was established as Japan’s first true paint manufacturing company. It spread quickly across Japan. In 1914, having secured domestic market, Nippon expanded its business globally to China, India and South Pacific. Then, Nippon Paint made its way to Taiwan and North China. In 1963, it established the Pan Malaysia Paint Industries which is known as Nippon Paint Singapore today. Four years later, Nippon Paint Thailand and Malaysia were established. Nippon Paint was built on a heritage of over 130 years dating back to 1881 in Japan. It is currently Asia’s No. 1 coating manufacturer spanning 15 countries. Nippon Paint is also Malaysia’s No. 1 Total Coating Solutions provider, enjoying its market leadership position since 2008. It was established in 1967 as Nippon Paint (Malaysia) Sdn. Bhd., which now emerged as a significant regional player within the coatings industry in countries like the Philippines, Bangladesh, Thailand, Pakistan, Indonesia...
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...ABSTRACT ------------------------------------------------- When someone hears the word hacker, many things come to mind. Bad, thief, terrorist, crook and unethical are some words that may be used to describe a hacker. The reputation of a hacker is well deserved as many company networks have been compromised with viruses and spyware causing untold millions in damage, the theft of sensitive consumer information such as Social Security numbers and FINANCIAL data and the unauthorized access of classified government information. To combat these issues, many companies employ individuals called ethical hackers who, by their direction and supervision look for vulnerabilities in network systems. There are naysayers who bristle at the term “ethical hacker” saying that a hacker is a hacker but those who hold such views could be missing the point. These subjects will be discussed in detail later in the text. ------------------------------------------------- Is there such a thing as “Ethical Hacking?” Define ethical hacking and support an argument in favor or against the concept. Consider who might believe/use ethical hacking and discuss if hacking, even for the purpose of protecting human rights, is ethical. You should extend the paper beyond the topics suggested in the questions within the paper description. Ethical hacking does exist, in fact, companies employ individuals to attempt to penetrate networks and/or computer systems, using the same methods as a hacker, for...
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